Şehirlerin sınıflandırılması için birtakım ölçütlere gerek duyulmaktadır. Bu ölçütler değişken olmakla birlikte asıl amacı şehirlerin arazi kullanımındaki farklılaşmayı ve birbirleri ile olan ...ilişkilerini anlamaktır. Günümüzde şehirlerin tanımlanması için yaygın olarak kullanılan ölçütler idari sınırlar, nüfus ve ekonomik faaliyetlerdir. Bu çalışmada üç devlet üniversitesi bulunan Eskişehir’in, uzun yıllardır sözü edilen “üniversite şehri” kimliği sorgulanmıştır. Üniversite şehri fonksiyonunu tanımlamak için; literatür taraması, toplanan veriler ve arazi çalışmaları sonucunda, “beşeri unsurlar ve mekânsal göstergeler” olarak iki ana kriter ve alt kriterler oluşturulmuştur. Beşeri unsurlar; üniversiteye kayıtlı öğrenci nüfusu, ulaşım özellikleri, mal ve hizmete erişim, barınma, yerel yönetimlerin desteği, istihdam, sosyo-kültürel imkânlardır. Mekânsal göstergelerde ise şehir içindeki farklı amaçlar için kullanılan alanlar dikkate alınarak Üniversite Caddesi’ndeki işletmeler değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca Eskişehir’de kentsel mekân kullanımına ilişkin öğrenci, yerel halk ve ortak alan olmak üzere üç ana alışveriş alanı belirlenmiştir. Son olarak Covid-19 döneminde üniversitelerin uzaktan eğitime geçmesi ve bunun şehirde görülen etkileri tartışılmıştır.
Criteria are needed to classify cities. The criteria are variable and its purpose is to understand the differentiation in the land use of cities.The criteria used to define cities today are administrative borders, population and economic activities. In the study, the identity of Eskişehir, which has three state universities, as a "university city", which has been mentioned for years, questioned. To define university city function; As a result of literature review, collected data and field studies, two main criteria established as “human factors and spatial indicators”. Human elements; student population registered at the university, transportation features, access to goods and services, accommodation, support of local governments, employment, socio-cultural opportunities. Spatial indicators; The businesses on University Street in city evaluated. In Eskişehir, three main shopping areas determine in the urban space: students, local people, common areas. During Covid-19, universities' transition to distance education and its effects in the city discussed.
Üniversiteler eğitim ve araştırma misyonu ön planda olan kurumlar olsa da, kuruldukları kentlerin kalkınmasında üniversitelerin önemli işlevlere sahip olduğu söylenebilir. Bu noktada üniversite ...kurulması planlanan kentlerin gelişime açık bir potansiyelinin olması gerekmektedir. Gelişme potansiyeli taşımayan kentlerde üniversiteler açılarak o kentlerin kalkınmasının amaçlanması, içerisinde birçok riski barındırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Tunceli kentinin tarihsel süreçten günümüze ekonomik, demografik sosyo-kültürel, mekânsal yapısındaki değişim süreçleri, Munzur Üniversitesi’nin kuruluşu paralelinde ele alınarak değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada nitel yönteme dayalı içerik analizi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada, üniversite kent ilişkisine dair yabancı ve yerli literatürde yer alan kitap, makale, tez ve internet kaynaklarına, resmi kurum ve sivil toplum örgütlerinin rapor ve dokümanlarından yararlanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Munzur Üniversitesi’nin kentin ekonomik, demografik, sosyo-kültürel ve mekânsal gelişimine sınırlı düzeyde etkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu durumun başlıca kentin tarihsel süreçten itibaren farklı alanlarda sahip olduğu dezavantajlı konumundan ve Türkiye’de üniversitelerin kuruluş süreçlerindeki planlama eksikliklerinden kaynaklandığı söylenebilir.
The importance of education, knowledge and science in today’s world cannot be overstated. The competitiveness of an educational organisation depends on the development of the urban space in which it ...is located. Transformation processes in society have led to changes in the formats of interaction in the system “city-university” from the perspective of considering the city as a consumer of highly qualified personnel and commercialised innovations, and universities as an environment for creating innovations, knowledge and a source of highly qualified personnel, actualising the trend of their joint development in order to build up intellectual and innovative potential. Based on the comparative analysis and comparison of data from open scientific publications and the most famous world and Russian ratings, the paper studies Russian cities and universities, which occupy a leading position in the country in the field of education from the viewpoint of their attractiveness for education at the national and global levels. The peculiarities of the most attractive Russian cities for education are outlined. The necessity of stimulating the demand for innovative education on the part of urban business structures within the Triple Helix concept is highlighted.
In view of the isolation of the software and hardware teaching environment, isolation of various online teaching platforms and lack of coordination of data, it is not conducive for further promotion ...of ‘Internet Plus Teaching’ and the improvement of online teaching. The Trinity teaching platform, namely ‘Learning in Zhejiang University City College’ is built against the background of digitalisation reform in colleges and universities. The teaching platform integrates the smart classroom, the Zhiyun Classroom (online classroom) and the curriculum platform. The platform breaks through the limitation of time and space, connects the teaching process and implements the integrated ‘teaching, learning, evaluation and management’ based on data collaboration. It is fully applied in Zhejiang University City College, and is stable, efficient and convenient, with a high access rate and better interaction between teachers and students. It effectively implements closed-loop management of the teaching process, changes the educational form of teacher education, student learning and school management. It also adapts to the cultivation of innovative and individualised talents under the new situation, and further deepens reforms of ‘Internet Plus Teaching’. It provides a solid support for the whole process management of student learning.
One of the main aspects to describe the relationship between University and City is studying the material and intangible relationships (typology, unit of measurement, quantity) among the different ...elements, subjects and places involved and therefore analysing the role that the university system assumes with respect to the urban system. University City, in fact, means a specific urban structure characterized by the maximum expression of the relations system (social, environmental, economic) that can exist between university institution and administrative/political institution: in particular, the physical connections linked to the spatial location of university structures within the urban fabric. Historically, in Italy, universities were not organized in a specific building type, but the extremely professional characteristics brought them closer to the city community and, consequently, allowed them to assume the same morphology of the urban fabric around. Some cities have emphasized their being University Cities over time, including Pavia. With just over 71,000 inhabitants and 22,000 university students in a ratio of 3.22, city and university have always evolved and transformed themselves in an organic, though often uncoordinated, way. The need to implement forms of sustainable mobility aimed at improving the connections between university and city center, useful also to trigger deep urban regeneration processes, carried to experiment a collaborative planning process between university, municipality and the main involved stakeholders. The main aim is to develop an overall strategy throughout the entire municipal territory and to define lines of actions (tactics) for the creation of a soft mobility network within the Pavia context as University City. The participatory process is implemented with the use of a Collaborative Planning tool based on Google functionalities. In the paper, authors describe the main elements of this project.
University City concept means a specific urban structure characterized by the maximum expression of the relations system (social, environmental, economic) that can exist between university ...institution and administrative/political institution: in particular, the physical connections linked to the spatial location of university structures within the urban fabric. In Pavia, between Municipality and University the development of common mobility strategies has been practically developed since the seventies of the XX century by Giancarlo De Carlo plan. From this period on, the centrality of the city emerged as magnet for the first and second tiers of adjacent Municipalities. The need to implement forms of sustainable mobility aimed at improving the connections between university and city center, useful also to trigger deep urban regeneration processes, carried to experiment a collaborative planning process between university, Municipality and the main involved stakeholders. The main aim is to develop an overall strategy throughout the entire municipal territory and to define lines of actions (tactics) for the creation of a soft mobility network within the Pavia context as University City. The participatory process is implemented with the use of a Collaborative Planning tool based on Google functionalities. In the paper, authors describe the main elements of this project.
The relationship between a university and its city is considered strategical to achieve university targeted ambitions and visions. The university-city relationship is also encouraged for the benefit ...of the city, as universities unleash their respective cities’ potentials to act as driving forces not only for their local communities, but also for the whole nation. Therefore, maintaining a mutual relationship between the university and the city is considered essential to accomplish strategic goals for both. However, the nature of this relationship is quite complex, overlapped, interconnected, and diverse. Therefore, this paper conducted a systematic review of the literature on university-city and campus-city relationships to evaluate recent research trends to uncover the aspects that connect universities with their respective cities. The search included articles published in 4 different databases from January 1990 to January 2021. A total number of 50 articles were selected in this review. The findings uncovered different aspects that could help or hinder university-city relationship based on the physical and functional linkage between the campus and the city. Moreover, findings have shown that it is necessary to understand universities according to their contextual differences, as universities have shown different impacts on their respective cities in terms of their sizes and locations. Results have also shown that the impact of the physical connection between the university and the city goes far beyond campus’s accessibility as it deeply affects students’ social life as well. Therefore, decision makers, stakeholders, and university administrators need to co-design campus development process especially in the early stages to maximize the mutual benefits of campus-city relationship. The main conclusions of this paper address several perspectives and lessons for a more sustainable campus-city relationship.
According to U. S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau , University City are those cities or metropolitan statistical area where total population is between 2,50,000 and one million, out of ...which minimum 10% should be the student population. Meanwhile college towns are where students do not continue to settle in that locality unlike University Cities where students find an employment and continue staying. Articles show that no relevant or successful University cities exist in India so far. Nonetheless there are a lot of Urban Outgrowths like college/university towns which have developed in India over the years that have made an impact in the growth of town locally in various sectors. The author tries to make an attempt to look at the effects of existence of University in the population and the growth of nearby public places through observations of an Indian town incorporating the knowledge of existing research in the field available globally.
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