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The role of Slit/Robo signaling has extended from initial axon repulsion in the developing nervous system to organ morphogenesis, cancer development and angiogenesis. Slit/Robo signaling regulates ... similar pathways within these processes. Slit/Robo ensures the homeostasis of the dynamic interaction between cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. The dysregulation of Slit/Robo signaling damages the tissue barrier, resulting in developmental abnormalities or disease. Here, we summarize how Slit/Robo controls kidney morphogenesis and describe the dual roles of Slit/Robo signaling in the regulation of tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. več

【目的】IL-6の病的血管新生への役割を検討する。【背景】RAでは未熟で不安定な血管新生が特徴とされ、Angiopoietin-1/-2(Ang-1；血管構造安定化因子、Ang-2；Ang-1のアンタゴニスト)の関与が示唆されるが、IL-6のこれらへの関与は不詳である。【方法】IL-6刺激下に、滑膜線維芽細胞と臍帯静脈内皮細胞を共培養し、CD31染色・VE-cadherin染色を行い、内皮細胞増生及び内皮細胞間接着を評価した。また、共培養上清及びRA滑液中のAng-1/-2、VEGFを測定した。【結果】IL-6(100ng/ml)は共培養のCD31染色陽性領域をコントロール比2.5倍増加させ、不整な増生形態を誘導した。さらに、IL-6は内皮細胞表面のVE-cadherinの内在化を誘導し、内皮細胞間接着を低下させた。IL-6刺激共培養上清中のAng-1はコントロール群と比べ低値を、Ang-2・VEGFは高値を示した。また、IL-6＋Ang-1刺激下では、IL-6単独と比べ、内皮増殖形態は整であり、VE-cadherinの内在化による内皮細胞間接着低下作用は軽度であった。RA滑液中のVEGFとAng-1は負の相関を示した。【結論】IL-6は、VEGF促進とAng発現の調節(Ang-1抑制・Ang-2促進)を介し、内皮増生や内皮細胞間接着低下を伴う病的血管新生を促進すると考えられた。

Fishing is one of the sectors with the highest number of accidents worldwide. Many of them are related to stability failures and affect mostly small and medium sized fishing vessels. One of the main ... reasons is the crew lack of training in stability matters. Due to this, guidance systems have emerged in the last years as a solution to this problem, complying with three main requirements: being simple, being easy to use and being inexpensive to install and maintain. The authors have proposed their own alternative consisting on an onboard stability guidance system. However, it has some weak points. The aim of this paper is to propose a solution to overcome one of them, the need for crew interaction. In order to do this, and to try to set up a fully automated system, a methodology to estimate the stability of the ship in an automatic and unattended way, based on a frequency analysis of roll motion and on the estimation of the mass moment of inertia of the vessel, is presented. The methodology has been applied to the roll motion time series obtained from a towing tank test campaign of a mid-sized stern trawler, showing good performance. •Mid-sized fishing vessels are the focus of the study.•A methodology for the estimation in real-time of the metacentric height of the vessel is presented.•Roll motion time series are analyzed using fft analysis.•Validation with towing tank tests in regular and irregular head waves is done. več