The Mukhrino field station has participated in the national project on the inventory of carbon fluxes and pools in the terrestrial ecosystems of Russia since 2022. The development of a network of ...measurements of COsub.2 fluxes and phytomass covered six types of bog ecosystems typical to Western Siberia. The gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) of the field-layer vegetation (medians for the period from the end of May to the end of July, mgC msup.−2 hsup.−1; see errors in Results section) decreased in series: Sphagnum bog with sparse low pine trees ("Open bog"), ridges in ridge-hollow patterned bogs ("Ridge"), pine-dwarf shrub-Sphagnum bog ("Tall ryam"), hollows in patterned bogs ("S.hollow", "E.hollow") and pine-dwarf shrub-Sphagnum bog ("Ryam"): −220, −200, −125, −120, −109 and −86, respectively. Ecosystem respiration (Rsub.eco) here was 106, 106, 182, 55, 97 and 136. The aboveground and belowground phytomass of mosses in this series varied between 368 ± 106-472 ± 184 and 2484 ± 517-6041 ± 2079 g/msup.2, respectively: the aboveground phytomass of vascular plants and plant litter-15 ± 7-128 ± 95 and 10 ± 6-128 ± 43, respectively. According to the results of mathematical modeling, the best proxy for GEE, in addition to photosynthetically active radiation and soil surface temperature, was the aboveground phytomass of vascular plants (Phsub.V), and for Rsub.eco-Phsub.V and the mass of the plant litter of vascular plants.
Les zones humides de la région de Tanger-Tétouan hébergent une avifaune nicheuse, résidente et migiatrice diversifiée. La plupart de ces environnements sont urbanisés suite an développement ...socio-économique et démographique de la région. Cette étude s’est fixée conune objectif de mettre en exergue le rôle des environnements humides urbains et périurbains de la plaine de Martil (Tétouan) dans la reproduction des oiseaux. L’étude a été réalisée durant deux ans. selon la technique de comptage sur site fixe et des visites hebdomadaires. Tons les indices de reproduction sont notés (poussins, nids, parade nuptiale, défense du territoire, plumage nuptiale, ramassage du matériel pour la construction du nid). Les résultats ont montré que ces environnements jorient des rôles dans la reproduction de 38 espèces appartenant à 16 families. Cette avifaune compte deux espèces vulnérables inscrites sur la liste rouge de l’UICN, une espèce en déclin, une espèce en danger, une espèce quasi-menacé inscrite sur la liste rouge de l’UICN et qui a un statut défavorable au niveau mondial ainsi que plusieurs espèces patrimoniales pour le Maroc. Ces domiées soulignent l’intérêt de conserver et de restaurer les zones humides urbaines de la plaine de Martil.
The wetlands in the Tanger-Tetouan region host a diverse range of nesting, resident, and migratory avifauna. Many of these environments have become urbanized due to the region’s socio-economic and demographic development. This study aims to highlight the role of urban and peri-urban wetlands in the Martil Plain (Tétouan) in supporting bird reproduction. The study was conducted over two years using fixed-site counting and weekly visits. All reproductive indices were recorded, including chicks, nests, courtship displays, territory defense, nuptial plumage, and nest-building material collection. The results revealed that these environments support the reproduction of 38 bird species belonging to 16 families. Among them, there are two vulnerable species listed on the IUCN Red List, one declining species, one endangered species, and one near-threatened species listed on the IUCN Red List with an unfavorable status globally, as well as several species of conservation significance for Morocco. These findings underscore the importance of conserving and restoring urban wetlands in the Martil Plain.
Richly illustrated and packed with numerous examples, this unique global perspective introduces wetland ecology from basic principles to advanced applications. Thoroughly revised and reorganised, ...this new edition of this prize-winning textbook begins with underlying causal factors, before moving on to more advanced concepts that add depth and context. Each chapter begins with an explanation of the basic principles covered, illustrated with clear examples. More difficult concepts and exceptions are introduced only once the general principle is well-established. Key principles are now discussed at the beginning of the book, and in order of relative importance, enabling students to understand the most important material without wading through complex theory. New chapters on wetland restoration and wetland services draw upon practical examples from around the world, providing a global context, and a new chapter on research will be particularly relevant to the advanced student planning their own studies.
While many wetlands form along floodplains of rivers, streams, lakes, and estuaries, others have developed in depressions far removed from such waters. Depressional wetlands completely surrounded by ...upland have traditionally been called “isolated wetlands.” Isolated wetlands are not confined to basins, as some occur on broad flats and others form on slopes. The term “geographically isolated wetlands” better describes these wetlands, since many are hydrologically connected to other wetlands and waterbodies through ground-water flows or by intermittent overflows (spillovers). Numerous types of geographically isolated wetlands occur throughout the United States. They may be naturally formed or the result of human action. Naturally formed types include prairie pothole wetlands, playas, Nebraska's Rainwater Basin and Sandhills wetlands, West Coast vernal pools, sinkhole wetlands, Carolina bays, interdunal and intradunal wetlands, desert springs, terminal basins in the Great Basin, and kettle-hole bogs in glaciated regions. Human-caused isolated types may be intentionally built, such as ponds designed for various purposes and wetlands built on mined lands, or they may be accidentially created (e.g., natural wetlands that were once connected to rivers and streams but are now isolated by roads, railroads, and other development or isolated by altered river hydrology). Many of the functions and benefits attributed to non-isolated wetlands are present in isolated wetlands.
At a time when more than half of the U.S. population lives within fifty miles of the coast, tidal wetlands are a critical and threatened natural resource. The purpose of this book is to introduce the ...world of tidal wetlands to students and professionals in the environmental fields and others with an interest in the subject. Illustrated with maps, photographs, and diagrams, this volume provides a clear account of the factors that make these habitats unique and vulnerable. It discusses their formation, the conditions affecting their plant and animal life, and the diversity of types across North America, as well as their history, use by wildlife and humans, current status, conservation, restoration, and likely future. The emphasis is on vegetated wetlands—marshes and swamps—with additional discussion of eelgrass meadows, rocky shores, beaches, and tidal flats. Ralph Tiner’s previous field guides to coastal wetland plants in the Northeast and Southeast have been widely praised. Tidal Wetlands Primer joins Tiner’s earlier publications as an authoritative and userfriendly guide that should appeal to anyone with a serious interest in coastal habitats.
Biting midges of the genus
Culicoides
Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are competent vectors of various pathogens in Europe with veterinary importance such as: Bluetongue virus, ...Schmallenberg virus, Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus and avian haemosporidians. In order to reveal the potential role that they may play in spreading diseases in wildlife and thus the impact on ecosystems which they render, a reliable estimation of their faunistic diversity is required. Previous surveys conducted in the region of Kalimok Biological Station – a wetland on Lower Danube flow – were focused mainly on the ornithophilic species acting as vectors of avian haemosporidians, and thus leaving out the whole
Culicoides
diversity in the area underestimated (Bobeva et al. 2013, Bobeva et al. 2014, Bobeva et al. 2015). In the present study, we combined morphological and molecular approaches for species identification of the biting midges collected in the region of the field station in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2018 years. Out of the 37
Culicoides
species reported previously as national fauna (Nedelchev 2013, Pudar et al. 2018), we recorded 13 species in the studied area. In addition, three species namely,
Culicoides duddingstoni
,
C
.
griseidorsum
and
C
.
кibunensis
were newly recorded for the Bulgarian fauna, which raises the number of species of national fauna to 40. Interesting specimens affiliated to
C. pseudopallidus
have been collected in Kalimok. This latter species has not been reported in Central and Eastern Europe so far and therefore further attention is required prior being considered as a new record. Regarding the potential vectors of avian haemosporidians in the studied area, the present investigation raised the list of species suspected for spreading this disease in wildlife from three to six, namely:
C. alazanicus, C. circumscriptus, C. duddingstoni, C
.
griseidorsum
,
C
.
kibunensis
and
C. pictipennis.
The current study of the biting midges’ biodiversity improved the knowledge about the Bulgarian
Culicoides
fauna including the list of the potential vector species of avian malaria. However, faunistic studies on
Culicoides
in Europe remain sparse and such data serves as a basic knowledge for a better understanding of the
Culicoides-
borne diseases.
Wetlands are dynamic ecosystems that require continuous monitoring and assessment of degradation status to design strategies for their sustainable management. While hydrology provides the primary ...functional control for the wetland ecosystem, the loss of landscape connectivity influences wetland degradation in a major way as it leads to fragmentation. This article aims to integrate hydrogeomorphic and ecological concepts for the assessment of degradation status and its causal factors for a large wetland in the western Ganga plains, India, the Haiderpur, using a wetlandscape approach. We have used a remote‐sensing‐based approach, which offers a powerful tool for assessing and linking cross‐scale structures, functions, and controls in a wetlandscape. The Haiderpur, a Ramsar site since December 2021, is an artificial wetland located on the right bank of the Ganga River wherein the inflows are controlled by a barrage constructed on the Ganga River apart from smaller tributaries flowing in from the north. A novel aspect of this work is the integration of river dynamics and its connectivity to the wetlandscape to understand the spatiotemporal variability in the waterspread area in the wetland. In this work, we have developed an integrated wetlandscape assessment approach by evaluating wetland's geomorphic and hydrological connectivity status for the period 1993–2019 (25 years) across three different spatial scales – regional, catchment, and wetland. We have highlighted the ecological implications of connectivity and patch dynamics for developing sustainable wetland management plans.
A time‐series based integrated wetland assessment approach encompassing various wetlandscape elements (wetland fragments, rivers, wetland catchment) and their inter‐scale processes such as changing connectivity and land‐use and responses such as wetland fragmentation and shrinkage.
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