There is conflicting evidence on whether collaborative group work leads to improved classroom relations, and if so how. A before and after design was used to measure the impact on work and play ...relations of a collaborative learning programme involving 575 students 9–12 years old in single- and mixed-age classes across urban and rural schools. Data were also collected on student interactions and teacher ratings of their group-work skills. Analysis of variance revealed significant gains for both types of relation. Multilevel modelling indicated that better work relations were the product of improving group skills, which offset tensions produced by transactive dialogue, and this effect fed through in turn to play relations. Although before intervention rural children were familiar with each other neither this nor age mix affected outcomes. The results suggest the social benefits of collaborative learning are a separate outcome of group work, rather than being either a pre-condition for, or a direct consequence of successful activity, but that initial training in group skills may serve to enhance these benefits.
In recent years, theorization and research on citizens’ trust in the police have expanded enormously. Compared with citizens’ trust, police officers’ trust – both in citizens and in supervisors – has ...attracted very little attention. Further, it is striking that, although scholars have pointed to police officers’ procedural justice as a key factor for building public trust in the police, the question of how trustworthy police behavior can be achieved has hardly been theorized. To help fill in these gaps and understand police officers’ functioning, I offer a work relations framework. The building blocks for this approach come from different scientific disciplines: criminology, psychology, management, and political science/public administration. Theoretical elements and empirical indications from different fields are combined into a framework that aims at widening the scope of police research. More specifically, it identifies origins and consequences of police officers’ trust and origins of officers’ trustworthy behavior.
The emergence of the gig economy is mostly an alternative to the core service economy, which is gradually being transformed in spatial and temporal dimensions. It is not work in the gig economy, per ...se, that is problematic, but the way in which it is organised or structured is creating ruptures across several dimensions. This article seeks to explore the work organisation and work relations practised in these gig economies. In particular, it provides empirical findings on work practices in e-cab services so as to highlight the growing precariousness, in both economic and social contexts, among the service providers.
This article focuses on young people in family farms (Croatian OPGs) in Vidovec, more specifically on young people’s actions (using Bourdieu’s habitus), young people’s roles and on family and work ...relations, all of which have an impact on young people. The aim of this qualitative research is to identify the different processes that young people go through in the OPGs, which is motivated by the lack of research on this topic in Croatia. The data was collected through six semi-structured interviews. The habitus of young people in OPGs is formed in childhood and is represented by the interaction of family, social and agricultural situations. Family, work and gender roles in the OPG are recognized, especially the role of successor and helper. Young people are mainly driven by the obligation to help their parents in the OPG, for family and economic reasons. Life choices in the OPG are rarely binary and dichotomous, which is reflected in the activities of the young people and in the relations between the young people and their parents. Life in the OPG entails an intertwining of family and work relations, based on which hierarchies and different power relations can be recognized. The current conditions set by local self-government, the circumstances of Croatian agriculture and agricultural incentives lead young people to consider leaving agriculture in the future, although these reasons are not decisive. This decision is primarily influenced by family and work relations in the OPG and is linked to the problems of leaving the farmer’s habitus.
In this article, we draw on 604 anonymous MeToo testimonies published in Iceland by women in different work sectors. Our main analytical focus is on women's embodied experiences of sexual violations ...in the workplace, with an aim to explore how they tackle those violations. We use reflexive thematic analysis, and our first theme demonstrates how the women's world and world-making capacities are perceived as shrinking as a result of harassment. This affects both their bodies and minds to the extent that they doubt their own judgment and grasp of reality. The violent acts become part of their psyche and leave them trapped in time and place. The second theme, workaround tactics for protecting their world-making capacities, describes how women seize opportunities to flag their agency even when they cannot change patriarchal strategies. The testimonies show how common and widespread women's experiences of sexual violations are and thus call for a changed world order where men's entitlement to women's bodies and time in the work environment is removed.
Wie kann die Integration von Geflüchteten in die Arbeitswelt gelingen? Werner Schmidt beschäftigt sich ausführlich mit dieser vielgestaltigen Frage und gibt durch zahlreiche Interviews mit ...betrieblichen Akteuren, Beschäftigten und Geflüchteten direkte Einblicke in alltägliche Chancen und Konfliktfelder. Dabei wird deutlich, dass die gegenwärtigen Bedingungen anders, aber keineswegs schlechter sind als bei der ersten »Gastarbeiter«-Generation. Größtes Problem ist heute jedoch das Eindringen rechtspopulistischer Diskurse. Die alltägliche Zusammenarbeit und die Anwendung gleicher Regeln für alle sind dagegen nützliche Mittel und sorgen für die Entwicklung von Kollegialität und Respekt unter Beschäftigten unterschiedlicher Herkunft.
RESUMO O artigo analisa como as organizações interpretam as relações sistêmicas envolvendo o mercado e relações de trabalho em suas estratégias de gestão de recursos humanos (GRH) na pandemia da ...Covid-19. Por meio de abordagem qualitativa, realizaram-se quatro grupos focais com 24 gestores de pessoas e entrevistas com quatro representantes sindicais em três regiões do Brasil: Sul (Joinville, SC), Nordeste (Fortaleza, CE) e Centro-Oeste (Brasília, DF). Os achados indicam lacunas de conhecimento das áreas de GRH sobre mercado e relações de trabalho, práticas similares de GRH em patamares distintos, institucionalizadas por repertório comum, enquanto os sindicatos adaptam-se à nova legislação trabalhista. O contexto pandêmico trouxe mudanças estruturais, como o teletrabalho, ajuste à legislação e organização do trabalho, e também mudanças comportamentais, e efeitos na saúde do trabalhador. O estudo contribui teoricamente ao discutir a GRH sob a abordagem institucional; metodologicamente propicia pesquisas comparativas; e empiricamente ilustra como acontece a GRH em distintas regiões do País.
ABSTRACT The article analyzes how organizations interpret the systemic relationships among labor market and labor relations in their human resource management (HRM) strategies in the Covid-19 pandemic. Through a qualitative approach, four focus groups were carried out with 24 people managers, and interviews with four union representatives in cities at three regions in Brazil: Northeast (Fortaleza, CE), South, (Joinville, SC) and Central-West (Brasília, DF). The findings indicate knowledge gaps in the HRM areas about market and labor relations, similar HRM practices at different levels, institutionalized by a common repertoire; while the unions adapt to the new labor legislation. The pandemic context brought structural changes such as telework, adjustment to legislation and work organization; and behavioral including the health of workers. The study contributes theoretically by expanding the analysis of HRM under the institutional approach; methodologically it provides comparative research; and empirically illustrates HRM practices in different regions of the country.
RESUMEN El artículo analiza cómo las organizaciones interpretan las relaciones sistémicas que involucran el mercado de trabajo y las relaciones laborales en sus estrategias de gestión de recursos humanos (GRH) en el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19. A través de un enfoque cualitativo, se realizaron cuatro grupos focales con 24 gestores de personas y entrevistas con cuatro representantes sindicales en tres regiones de Brasil: Sur (Joinville, SC), Nordeste (Fortaleza, CE), y Centro-Oeste (Brasília, DF). Los hallazgos indican lagunas de conocimiento en las áreas de GRH sobre el mercado y las relaciones laborales, prácticas similares de GRH en diferentes niveles, institucionalizadas por un repertorio común, mientras los sindicatos se adaptan a la nueva legislación laboral. El contexto de la pandemia trajo cambios estructurales (e. g.: teletrabajo, ajuste a la legislación y organización del trabajo) y conductuales, incluida la salud de los trabajadores. El estudio contribuye teóricamente al ampliar el análisis de la GRH bajo el enfoque institucional; metodológicamente al propiciar las investigaciones comparativa; y empíricamente al ilustrar cómo funciona la gestión de recursos humanos en diferentes regiones del país.
Resumo The article analyzes the transition process between higher education and the labor market, as experienced by graduates of a prestigious institution that helped pioneer affirmative action ...programs. A panel was created to track the occupational pathways taken by the first two sets of graduates that went through the program (enrolled in 2005 and 2006). The article contains four parts: the case; the methodological construction of the panel; the results, highlighting the diversity of the trajectories and the chances for accessing quality employment among beneficiaries, or not, of inclusion policies; and the effects of the program on the occupational destinations of its graduates.
Resumen El artículo analiza el proceso de transición entre la enseñanza superior y el mercado de trabajo realizado por graduados oriundos de una institución de alto prestigio, una de las pioneras en programas de acción afirmativa. Para ello, se construyó un panel para acompañar los recorridos ocupacionales de los graduados de las dos primeras generaciones del programa (ingresados en 2005 y 2006). El texto se compone de cuatro sesiones, en que se presentan el caso, la construcción metodológica del panel, los resultados, subrayando la diversidad de las trayectorias y de las posibilidades de acceso a empleos de calidad entre beneficiarios o no, de la política de inclusión, y los efectos del programa sobre el destino ocupacional de los egresados.
Résumé L’article analyse le processus de transition de l’enseignement supérieur au marché du travail, effectué par des étudiants diplômés, issus d’une institution très prestigieuse et pionnière en matière de programme d’action positive. À cette fin, un panel a été constitué pour suivre les parcours professionnel des diplômés des deux premières générations du programme (ayant intégré l’université en 2005 et 2006). Le texte comprend quatre parties dans lesquelles on présente d’abord le cas étudié, puis la construction méthodologique du panel, pour ensuite passer aux résultats et mettre en relief la diversité des trajectoires et des chances d’accès à des emplois de qualité, selon qu’on a bénéficié ou pas de politiques d’inclusion et les effets du programme sur l’avenir professionnel des diplômés.
Resumo O artigo analisa o processo de transição entre o ensino superior e o mercado de trabalho realizado por graduados oriundos de instituição de alto prestígio, uma das pioneiras em programa de ação afirmativa. Para tal, construiu-se um painel para acompanhar os percursos ocupacionais dos graduados das duas primeiras gerações do programa (ingressados em 2005 e 2006). O texto se compõe de quatro sessões, em que são apresentados o caso, a construção metodológica do painel, os resultados, sublinhando a diversidade das trajetórias e das chances de acesso a empregos de qualidade entre beneficiários, ou não, da política de inclusão, e os efeitos do programa sobre o destino ocupacional dos egressos.
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