Occupational skin diseases Diepgen, Thomas L.
Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft,
20/May , Letnik:
10, Številka:
5
Journal Article
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Summary
Occupational skin diseases are the most commonly reported notifiable occupational diseases. In Germany, 23 596 out of a total of 71 263 reported occupational diseases in 2010 were classified ...as occupational skin diseases (BK No. 5101: “severe or recurrent skin diseases which have forced the person to discontinue all occupational activities that caused or could cause the development, worsening, or recurrence of the disease”). Contact dermatitis (allergic, irritant) of the hands is the most common skin disease and atopic skin diathesis is often an important co‐factor. The number of work‐related skin diseases is many times higher than the number of notified occupational dermatoses. This CME article explains the legal framework of occupational diseases, the tasks and obligations of the legal statutory work insurance. Typical allergens and irritants of high risk professions are also presented as are the important steps from diagnosis to compensation. Early prevention of occupational skin diseases is very important to avoid severe chronic hand eczema. Therefore the “dermatologist's report” is crucial. Other occupational dermatoses (outside of BK 5101) are briefly mentioned. In recent years the number of notifications of occupational skin cancer due to occupational UV‐irradiation has increased. According to recent epidemiological findings, there is a significant and consistent positive association between occupational UV‐irradiation and squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, an important criterion for a new occupational disease is fulfilled.
The paper intends to analyze and study the features of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) and plain concrete that contains combined fibers of various aspect ratios. Experiments on works are held ...to examine the features of the new combination of concretes. Simultaneously, the characteristics of the concretes that are hardened are examined by performing tests on compressions, flexural strength tests, and split tensile strength (STS). It further verifies the effects of fibers when they are distributed in the hinged zone of structural components to obtain financial benefits by minimizing the ingredients in steel fiber in the concrete mix. The result shows that the combined reinforced concrete steel fiber can be employed as the better combination to be applied in SFRC for achieving strength in STS, and flexure. Anyhow, enhanced ability for working was achieved as more amounts of microfibers in mixed with concrete. And there is slight variation in the features of concrete between beam of fibers with full length and fibers which are available in hinged zone. Similarly, the categorization of neural network such as Neural Network–Levenberg–Marquardt (NN‐LM) and Neural Network‐Gradient Descent (NN‐GD) is further used to perform the experimentation in an intelligent manner, which comes close to the actual values while calculating the mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) values.
•Chemical castration of male Swiss military dogs did not affect their working ability.•This is the first study of castration effects on the working ability of dogs.
Hormones influence the social ...behaviour of dogs. Castration of male dogs induces a reduction of testosterone and has been shown to affect social behaviours associated with aggression and reproduction. Changes in social behaviour could be critical in working dogs, which should be well trainable and behave reliably. It is currently unknown whether and how castration may affect the working ability of dogs. Besides surgical castration, chemical castration using a hormonal implant offers a possibility to castrate dogs temporarily. In the present study, we chemically castrated male Swiss military dogs and assessed their working abilities in comparison to intact males in a standard behavioural test series for Swiss military dogs (obedience, protection of the handler against an attacker, search of a hidden person in a building, reaction to social environment during a city walk). Chemical castration in Swiss military dogs had no measurable effect on any of the test situations in comparison to intact males.
The psoriasis is chronic inflammatory dermatitis that is accompanied by severe damage of skin and musculoskeletal system and affects functions of other organs and systems. The epidemiological data ...concerning prevalence and morbidity of psoriasis all over the world varies significantly. The article presents comparative characteristic of approaches to monitoring and evaluation of psoriasis morbidity in the Russian Federation and in the countries of the European region. The differences were revealed such as absence both of indices to evaluate quality of life of patients with psoriasis and specific population epidemiological studies in national system of monitoring and evaluation of the Russian Federation.
This study aimed to distinguish different phenotypes of long COVID through the post-COVID syndrome (PCS) score based on long-term persistent symptoms following COVID-19 and evaluate whether these ...symptoms affect general health and work ability. In addition, the study identified predictors for severe long COVID.
This cluster analysis included cross-sectional data from three cohorts of patients after COVID-19: non-hospitalized (n = 401), hospitalized (n = 98) and those enrolled at the post-COVID outpatient's clinic (n = 85). All the subjects responded to the survey on persistent long-term symptoms and sociodemographic and clinical factors. K-Means cluster analysis and ordinal logistic regression were used to create PCS scores that were used to distinguish patients' phenotypes.
506 patients with complete data on persistent symptoms were divided into three distinct phenotypes: none/mild (59%), moderate (22%) and severe (19%). The patients with severe phenotype, with the predominating symptoms were fatigue, cognitive impairment and depression, had the most reduced general health status and work ability. Smoking, snuff, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, chronic pain and symptom severity at COVID-19 onset were factors predicting severe phenotype.
This study suggested three phenotypes of long COVID, where the most severe was associated with the highest impact on general health status and working ability. This knowledge on long COVID phenotypes could be used by clinicians to support their medical decisions regarding prioritizing and more detailed follow-up of some patient groups.
Background
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is defined as sudden, usually unilateral, severe, brief, stabbing and recurrent episodes of pain in one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. In patients with ...TN refractory to medical therapy, microvascular decompression (MVD) is considered. TN interferes with daily functioning and is associated with depression and anxiety. Direct costs of MVD are high, but the procedure is believed to improve working ability and reduce the use of medical resources. This study aims to analyse MVD’s effects on TN patients regarding work capacity, healthcare utilisation and health-related quality of life (hrQoL).
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of patients who underwent MVD for TN between 2007 and 2016 (
n
= 46). The patients’ outcome, work capacity and use of medical resources were assessed via the Barrow Neurological Institute Pain Intensity Score (BNI Score), with questions regarding patients’ employment status, restrictions in work capacity, healthcare utilisation and completion of the EQ5D questionnaire.
Results
The response rate was 28/46 (61%). The majority of the participants (20/28) reported feeling strongly/quite handicapped in productivity due to TN preoperatively, which was also indicated by a few participants (3/28) postoperatively (
p
= < 0.01). Pain-related days off work were reduced postoperatively from 21 to 4 (
p
= 0.059) on average. Postoperative hrQoL did not differ from the general German population. Further reductions in healthcare utilisation and private costs were shown.
Conclusion
In TN, MVD alleviates patient burden, especially concerning productivity and the consumption of health resources.
The effects of seasickness on working performance during motion exposure have been reported, while the aftereffects on working ability and life quality decline (WLD) still remain unclarified.
Two ...cohorts of healthy male Chinese subjects received either a single (SSV) or repeated (RSV) sea voyage training program on different vessels. A seasickness incidence (SSI) questionnaire was administered to assess the prevalence of seasickness symptoms (vomiting, nausea, other, or no symptoms). A WLD questionnaire was used to survey the general feeling of WLD (severe, moderate, slight, and none) by a 4-point score as well as the incidence rate (IR) of specific WLD items within 24 h after landing.
The RSV cohort had lower overall IR of WLD than the SSV cohort (54.64% vs. 63.78%,
657 for both cohorts). The landing ship trainees in both cohorts showed higher general WLD score and higher IRs of physical fatigue, sleep disorder, and spontaneous locomotion decrement than those trained on the small vessels. Subjects with vomiting or nausea had higher general WLD score and higher IRs of concentration distraction, physical fatigue, anorexia, and spontaneous locomotion decrement than those with no symptoms. Higher IRs of firing accuracy decline (SSV: 21.35% vs. 7.13%, 9.14%; RSV: 22.11% vs. 9.28%, 5.27%), equipment operation disturbance (SSV: 16.85% vs. 3.57%, 6.85%; RSV: 20.47% vs. 7.85%, 7.03%) were also observed in the vomiting subjects than those with other symptoms and no symptoms.
Significant WLD after landing was associated with transportation types, seasickness severity, and habituation during sea voyage training.
Background:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disorder that causes significantly reduced ability to work, and the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is one of the main predictors for ...reduced work ability.
Objectives:
To investigate how work requirements, flexible work conditions and disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) influence the work ability in relation to different EDSS grades in two MS populations.
Methods:
Work ability was studied in two MS populations: one in the southern and one in the northern part of Sweden, both demographically similar. In the latter population, more active work-promoting interventions have been practised and second-generation DMDs have been widely used from the onset of disease for several years.
Results:
The proportion of MS patients who participated in the workforce or studied was significantly higher in the northern compared with the southern population (p < 0.001). The employees in the northern population had significantly lower requirements, greater adapted work conditions and were able to work more hours per week. Higher EDSS was associated with lower reduction in number of worked hours per week in the northern population (p = 0.042).
Conclusion:
Our data indicated that treatment strategy and adjusted work conditions have impact on work ability in MS.
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