To explore and validate suitable risk assessment methods for titanium dioxide though applying three risk assessment tools for nanomaterials based on the control banding (CB) approach.
A factory ...manufacturing titanium dioxide in Jinan city, Shandong province, was assessed using a quantitative exposure method and qualitative risk assessment methods in September, 2014. A condensation particle counter equipment was used to monitor the number concentration of particles at packaging workshop and jet milling workshop. We employed three control banding tools, including CB nanotool, Stoffenmanager nano and the Guidance on working safely with nanomaterials and nanoproducts (GWSNN) to evaluate the two workshops, then compared the evaluation results.
The increases of particle concentrations were generated directly by packaging and jet milling processes, the number concentration from (3.52±1.46) ×10(4)/cm(3) to (14.70±8.86) ×10(4)/cm(3) at packaging workshop and from (0.97±0.25) ×10(4)/cm(3) to (1.26±0.35) ×10(4)/cm(3) at
As tecnologias sociais permitem a apropriação e a inclusão de agricultores e agricultoras, e o método de Construção da Capacidade Criativa (Creative Capacity Building) tem como objetivo desenvolver a ...capacidade de inovação e desenvolvimento tecnológico de baixo custo emcomunidades. Essa abordagem pressupõe o envolvimento ativo dos atores desde seu desenho e construção, como a melhor forma de alcançar a apropriação tecnológica. Foram realizadas duas oficinas, utilizando-se essa metodologia em comunidades rurais que permitiram o desenvolvimento de diversos protótipos ligados a processos de transição agroecológica. Essa pesquisa procurou avaliar as expectativas e percepções sobre os impactos dessa metodologia sobre os participantes das oficinas e registrar seus desdobramentos. Foram aplicados questionários antes e depois das oficinas para os participantes. Embora as expectativas iniciais girassem em torno da realização de trabalhos em equipe, ao final, os participantes perceberam o desenvolvimento de habilidades como um insumo importante para desenhar e criar soluções apropriadas.
Creative Capacity Building (CCB) is an approach to develop innovative capacity and low-cost technological development. CCB, as well as other social technologies, allows a greater inclu-sion and ownership by the beneficiary. This approach presupposes the active involvement of the actors and beneficiaries of technology in their design and construction as the best way to achieve technological appropriation. Two CCB workshops were held in Brazilian rural commu-nities that allowed the development of several prototypes engaged to agroecological produc-tion. This research sought to evaluate the expectations and perceptions about the impacts of this methodology on workshop participants. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied before and after the workshops. Although initial expectations revolved around teamwork, in the end, participants realized the development of skills, in particular, to design and create low-cost solutions.
To gain a professional contract in UK academy football, young players must demonstrate an ability to perform under pressure (Larsen et al., 2014). A systematic review was conducted to synthesise ...findings from applied studies that focus on interventions developed to enhance an individual's ability to cope under performance pressure. Simulation training alongside cognitive-behavioural (CB) workshops was an intervention format that may develop an academy football player's ability to perform within the highly-pressurised environment of academy football (Bell, Hardy and Beattie, 2013). A limitation of much simulation training that is intended to help individuals perform in highly-pressurised environments is the failure to generate meaningful performance pressure. Similarly, CB workshops can also be limited in their effectiveness due to a failure to identify contextually specific factors that may develop coping skills. Such factors should be embedded within CB workshops to align with the needs of individuals in their respective pressure domain. Moreover, study one of this programme of research aimed to identify meaningful pressure conditioned stimuli, along with factors perceived to be facilitative or debilitative of performance under pressure within academy soccer. The perceptions of pressure, and factors of influence identified within study one were used by academy coaches to inform the design of a contextually specific pressure intervention. Study two, presents and evaluates this pressure training intervention. A mixed-methods approach using quantitative (simulation training data) and qualitative data (interviews with players and reflective diary extracts) provided insight into the effectiveness of the pressure intervention. Findings indicate that simulation training alone could enhance performance under pressure within age groups 11-14 years. Players across all age groups described improvement in confidence, emotional intelligence, meta-cognition, focus and challenge appraisal following the intervention. Future research is warranted to investigate the benefits of simulation training and CB workshops within a larger sample, over-time.
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