Constructing satisfactory conventional mandibular complete dentures is often challenging in comparison to the upper counterpart partially due to differences in the anatomy of the denture-bearing area. This problem is exaggerated in the atrophic mandible, where supporting structures are frequently ill-defined and suboptimal in quality. Implant-retained prostheses offer well recognized benefits but are not always a feasible options, so conventional methods must be relied upon. The importance of impression quality and registration has been reviewed previously. This article aims to discuss the influence of tooth placement, the polished surfaces and the neutral zone on the success of lower dentures. Clinical relevance: This article highlights the importance that polished surface contouring and tooth prescription can have on the outcome of lower dentures. Techniques for assessing and recording the neutral zone are explained, along with alternative occlusal schemes.