Background: Physical inactivity is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Aim: To identify factors associated with physical inactivity in Chilean adults. Material and Methods: Participants from the Chilean Health Survey (5,133 individuals) were included in this study. Physical activity was measured using the Global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). Physical inactivity was defined as < 600 MET. min.week−1 of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity. Logistic regression was used to identify correlates of physical inactivity. Results: The main finding of this study were that women (odds ratio (OR): 1.51 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.32-1.72) were more likely to be inactive compared to men and that older adults were more likely to be inactive than their younger or middle age counterparts (OR: 3.06 95% CI: 2.45-3.82). Other correlates of physical inactivity were individuals with obesity (OR: 1.43 95% CI: 1.20-1.70), diabetes (OR: 1.96 95% CI: 1.61-2.38), hypertension (OR: 1.72 95% CI: 1.50-1.97), metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.42 95% IC: 1.18-1.70), a low education level (OR: 1.26 95% CI: 1.06-1.49) and higher levels of sedentary behavior (OR: 2.77 95% CI: 2.36-3.25). Conclusions: Women, older people and sedentary subjects with chronic non-transmissible conditions are at higher risk of being physically inactive.