The recent developments of MOF-based materials, especailly their structure-property relationship for advanced electrochemical sensing applications are systematically summarized in this review. The different strategies used for the rational design and controllable synthesis of versatile MOF-based materials based on the specific requirements of the final electrochemical sensing applications are also outlined. Display omitted •Recent development in MOF-based materials for electrochemical sensor is reviewed.•The structure-property relationship are emphasized.•Strategies for improving the sensing performance are discussed.•The current challenges and perspectives in this research area are also discussed. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are surprisingly porous materials that have attracted enormous attention in recent years owing to their fascinating structures and widespread potential applications. In this review, the recent developments of MOF-based materials for advanced electrochemical sensing applications are systematically summarized. A detailed discussion about the structure-property relationship, and the different strategies used for the rational design and controllable synthesis of versatile MOF-based materials based on the specific requirements of the final electrochemical sensing applications are outlined. The challenges and opportunities of developing MOF-based materials as novel electrochemical sensing platform are also discussed. Hopefully, this review will provide some creative inspiration to advance future studies on MOF-based materials in this emerging field.