The characterization of the Contaminant concentration pollution level and source of surface dust heavy metals is imperative that pollution monitoring and control. Surface dust heavy metal data from 37 cities across China was collated, from which the concentrations of Cu, Cr, Zn, Cd, Ni and Pb were investigated. Results are shown that the average contents of these heavy metals exceed soil background values, indicating that the majority of examined cities have serious pollution and ecological risk. In a certain range of heavy metal content, Zn, Cr and Pb contents are a positive relationship with the amount of motor vehicles and industrial added value. Heavy metal accumulations had exceeded the limits of a natural factor repairing in cities, and the influence of natural factors on heavy metal concentrations was therefore weak.