To investigate the obstetrical, neonatal, and long-term outcomes of in vitro maturation (IVM) compared with conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Matched retrospective case-control study. University fertility clinic. One hundred eighty-four patients undergoing IVM were compared with 366 patients undergoing conventional IVF. All had PCOS and were matched for patient age, gestational age at birth, and the number of fetuses. None. Obstetrics, neonatal outcomes, and childhood medical problems and development. Women's mean age at oocytes retrieval was 32.6 ± 2.9 years. Children's mean age was 7.5 ± 2.3 years. There were no differences in the frequency of obstetrical and neonatal outcomes between the two groups. No difference was found in birth weights between the two groups. The incidence of congenital anomalies was similar between the groups (4.3% in IVM group vs. 4.1% in IVF group). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in the frequency and duration of hospitalization during childhood. Growth developmental status of both groups was within normal range. In a matched setting between IVM and IVF babies born from women with PCOS, no significant increased risk associated with IVM was been identified after a mean follow-up of 7.5 years.