One aspect of literary creation that critics find particularly complex and difficult to define is the relationship between fiction and reality. It is an area that can only be addressed by carefully unravelling fictitious and real-life elements within texts, and analysing how they converge, diverge or sometimes even become indistinguishable - a factor crucial to a work's plausibility in the eyes of the reader. This paper examines the degree of verisimilitude to be found in Leopoldo Marechal's first novel, Adán Buenosayres (1948), where contact between fiction and reality is conflictive in terms both of content (alternation between real and fantasy worlds) and form (the articulation of the plot).