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Zhu, Xiaofeng; Tan, Xin; Wu, Kuang‐Hsu; Haw, Shu‐Chih; Pao, Chih‐Wen; Su, Bing‐Jian; Jiang, Junjie; Smith, Sean C.; Chen, Jin‐Ming; Amal, Rose; Lu, Xunyu
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, September 27, 2021, Letnik: 60, Številka: 40Journal Article
A considerable amount of platinum (Pt) is required to ensure an adequate rate for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells and metal‐air batteries. Thus, the implementation of atomic Pt catalysts holds promise for minimizing the Pt content. In this contribution, atomic Pt sites with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) co‐coordination on a carbon matrix (PtNPC) are conceptually predicted and experimentally developed to alter the d‐band center of Pt, thereby promoting the intrinsic ORR activity. PtNPC with a record‐low Pt content (≈0.026 wt %) consequently shows a benchmark‐comparable activity for ORR with an onset of 1.0 VRHE and half‐wave potential of 0.85 VRHE. It also features a high stability in 15 000‐cycle tests and a superior turnover frequency of 6.80 s−1 at 0.9 VRHE. Damjanovic kinetics analysis reveals a tuned ORR kinetics of PtNPC from a mixed 2/4‐electron to a predominately 4‐electron route. It is discovered that coordinated P species significantly shifts d‐band center of Pt atoms, accounting for the exceptional performance of PtNPC. Phosphorus‐coordinated atomic Pt‐Nx sites are theoretically predicted and experimentally realized, offering enhanced kinetics for four‐electron electrochemical oxygen reduction. Exceptional activity is attributed to the tuning of the d‐band electron center via local coordination asymmetry. This chemistry provides an effective guideline for atomic Pt catalysts in batteries and fuel cells.
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JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP |
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