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Wickert, Janaína Carrion; Eye, Sophie Maillard von; Oliveira, Larissa Rosa; Moreno, Ignacio Benites
Journal of mammalogy, 12/2016, Letnik: 97, Številka: 6Journal Article
Historically, the taxonomic status of the bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops, has been confusing. Over 20 nominal species have been described in, or transferred to, the genus, but most them have been synonymized under T. truncatus, the type species of the genus. Here, we review the taxonomic status of Tursiops gephyreusLahille, 1908, from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA), a taxon long considered as either synonym or subspecies of T. truncatus. We examined a total of 280 bottlenose dolphin skulls, including the lectotype of T. gephyreus. We examined all specimens for morphological (14 characters) and morphometric (29 measurements) differences. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to test differences between groups. Based on qualitative and quantitative analyses of skulls as well as the vertebrae number of Tursiops specimens from SWA, we recognized 2 distinct morphological forms of bottlenose dolphins in the region, consistent with treatment of 2 species under the “diagnosable version of the Phylogenetic Species Concept.” Six qualitative characters are reliable for the identification of both species in the SWA, but the shape of the nasal process of the right premaxilla alone is sufficient to separate the species. Furthermore, the total number of vertebrae is higher in T. truncatus (62–64) than in T. gephyreus (57–59). Based on these results, we propose the revalidation of T. gephyreus. Since T. gephyreus was recognized as inhabiting the estuaries and the surf zone alongside the Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina coasts, the conservation efforts must take into account that this region presents similar threats to the species.
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JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP |
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Vir: Osebne bibliografije
in: SICRIS
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