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Sanaei, Niloofar; Fatemi, Ali; Phan, Nam
Materials & design, 11/2019, Letnik: 182Journal Article
Additive manufacturing (AM) has provided an opportunity for fabricating complex parts. Fabricating these parts without defects is currently a challenge. Therefore, understanding AM defects is fundamental to the structural integrity of load carrying components, failure analysis, and defect-based modeling of mechanical performance. This work investigates defect content of metal AM specimens and correlations between defect characteristics (size, sphericity/circularity, aspect ratio) using 2D and 3D defect characterization techniques. Distributions of defect characteristics based on location throughout AM specimens were analyzed and the variabilities of defect characteristics within these specimens were studied. Laser-Based Power Bed Fusion (L-PBF) specimens manufactured with different metals, different AM machines and built directions, different surface conditions, and different thicknesses were evaluated. Significant variability in defect characteristics based on location, especially in as-built surface specimens was observed. Well-optimized process parameters and post-processing reduced the overall volume fraction of defects, and the specified variabilities, and resulted in a more random dispersion of defects around the specimens. 2D and 3D defect analysis showed similar trends regarding correlations between defect characteristics and provided complementary information about the actual defect content based on their resolution. Display omitted •Variability analysis of defect distributions of L-PBF specimens showed critical defects concentrated in specific locations.•Apt process parameters, surface machining, and Hot Isostatic Pressing improved defect content repeatability in specimens.•Hot Isostatic Pressing increased defects aspect ratio and decreased their size, therefore reduced directionality of defects.•Lack of Fusion defects decreased 2D analysis results reliability and increased the need for 3D defect analysis.
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Leto | Faktor vpliva | Izdaja | Kategorija | Razvrstitev | ||||
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JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP |
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in: SICRIS
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