Health Recommender Systems: Systematic Review De Croon, Robin; Van Houdt, Leen; Htun, Nyi Nyi ...
Journal of medical Internet research,
06/2021, Volume:
23, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Background
Health recommender systems (HRSs) offer the potential to motivate and engage users to change their behavior by sharing better choices and actionable knowledge based on observed user ...behavior.
Objective
We aim to review HRSs targeting nonmedical professionals (laypersons) to better understand the current state of the art and identify both the main trends and the gaps with respect to current implementations.
Methods
We conducted a systematic literature review according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and synthesized the results. A total of 73 published studies that reported both an implementation and evaluation of an HRS targeted to laypersons were included and analyzed in this review.
Results
Recommended items were classified into four major categories: lifestyle, nutrition, general health care information, and specific health conditions. The majority of HRSs use hybrid recommendation algorithms. Evaluations of HRSs vary greatly; half of the studies only evaluated the algorithm with various metrics, whereas others performed full-scale randomized controlled trials or conducted in-the-wild studies to evaluate the impact of HRSs, thereby showing that the field is slowly maturing. On the basis of our review, we derived five reporting guidelines that can serve as a reference frame for future HRS studies. HRS studies should clarify who the target user is and to whom the recommendations apply, what is recommended and how the recommendations are presented to the user, where the data set can be found, what algorithms were used to calculate the recommendations, and what evaluation protocol was used.
Conclusions
There is significant opportunity for an HRS to inform and guide health actions. Through this review, we promote the discussion of ways to augment HRS research by recommending a reference frame with five design guidelines.
ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of mental disorders and the higher rates of absenteeism from work among healthcare workers employed in Slovenia by analysing the prevalence of sick leave and ...medication prescriptions for treatment of mental health and behavioural disorders from 2015 to 2020.DesignRetrospective analysis of nationwide data on absenteeism and prescription of medications for treatment of mental health and behavioural disorders (anxiolytics, antipsychotics, antidepressants).SettingNational databases of the National Institute of Public Health in Slovenia.ParticipantsAll employed healthcare workers (35 008 in December 2020): dentists, midwives, nurses, nursing assistants, pharmacists and physicians in Slovenia from 2015 to 2020.ResultsThe most time spent on sick leave by male healthcare workers aged >50 was for ‘neoplasms’ (71.50 days on average), followed by ‘mental health and behavioural disorders’ (62.08 days on average). Female healthcare workers under 40 years old spent the most time on sick leave for ‘pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (puerperium)’, causing an average of 58.38 days of sick leave. From 2015 to 2020, the highest increase in prescribed medications for treatment of mental health and behavioural disorders was among nursing assistants (an increase of 38.42%), pharmacists (an increase of 29.36%) and nurses (an increase of 26.61%); since the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase of 12.36% was found among dentists, an increase of 11.51% among pharmacists and an increase of 11.36% among nurses.ConclusionThe prescription of medications for treatment of mental health and behavioural disorders was on the rise from 2015 to 2020. The importance of employee health to individuals and society necessitates the systematisation of effective prevention programmes as well as programmes to assist those in need, especially health workers, whose work contributes significantly to maintaining public health.
The aim of this study is to present the possibilities of nurse education in the use of the Chat Generative Pre-training Transformer (ChatGPT) tool to support the documentation process.
The success of ...the nursing process is based on the accuracy of nursing diagnoses, which also determine nursing interventions and nursing outcomes. Educating nurses in the use of artificial intelligence in the nursing process can significantly reduce the time nurses spend on documentation.
Discussion paper.
We used a case study from Train4Health in the field of preventive care to demonstrate the potential of using Generative Pre-training Transformer (ChatGPT) to educate nurses in documenting the nursing process using generative artificial intelligence. Based on the case study, we entered a description of the patient's condition into Generative Pre-training Transformer (ChatGPT) and asked questions about nursing diagnoses, nursing interventions and nursing outcomes. We further synthesized these results.
In the process of educating nurses about the nursing process and nursing diagnosis, Generative Pre-training Transformer (ChatGPT) can present potential patient problems to nurses and guide them through the process from taking a medical history, setting nursing diagnoses and planning goals and interventions. Generative Pre-training Transformer (ChatGPT) returned appropriate nursing diagnoses, but these were not in line with the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association – International (NANDA-I) classification as requested. Of all the nursing diagnoses provided, only one was consistent with the most recent version of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association – International (NANDA-I). Generative Pre-training Transformer (ChatGPT) is still not specific enough for nursing diagnoses, resulting in incorrect answers in several cases.
Using Generative Pre-training Transformer (ChatGPT) to educate nurses and support the documentation process is time-efficient, but it still requires a certain level of human critical-thinking and fact-checking.
Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the Warwick‐Edinburgh Mental Well‐being Scale used for measuring mental well‐being.
Background
Nursing students’ mental well‐being is often ...poor due to various academic and personal stressors. Nursing students are involved in clinical practice and are facing birth, death, health, diseases and other stressful situations. They may be exposed to higher levels of stress than students from other study programmes.
Methods
A cross‐sectional study was conducted among nursing students in Slovenia. We performed a 6‐step analysis of the psychometric properties of the Warwick‐Edinburgh Mental Well‐being Scale. Moreover, content validity of the scale was assessed.
Results
The scale formed a unidimensional scale with good homogeneity (H < 0.40) and reliability (α = 0.91; β = 0.87; λ = 0.92; ω = 0.91). The confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the WEMWBS was suitable for use as a single scale (RMSEA = 0.085, CFI = 0.907; TLI = 0.891) and measures one construct, mental well‐being. I‐CVI is acceptable for all 14 items, kappa coefficient was excellent, and S‐CVI was assessed as acceptable.
Conclusions
The Slovenian version of the scale achieved good validity and reliability in a sample of nursing students and is recommended for future usage.
Implications for Nursing Management
The validated questionnaire can be used by nurse managers to assess nursing students’ mental well‐being during their clinical placement.
This systematic review aimed to identify school-based interventions for ensuring mental health and well-being of adolescents, synthesize existing interventions, and summarize the quality of ...identified studies.
A systematic review, analysis, and synthesis were performed.
Search was performed in Cochrane Library, PsychARTICLES, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Medline.
Literature search was performed in March 2019 using inclusion and exclusion criteria. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Identified records were reviewed by title, abstract, and by the full text by two independent researchers. Three authors independently made a quality assessment of the included studies. Included studies were extracted and synthesized. A systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019128919).
The initial search yielded 1,199 articles. Of them, 57 articles were included in the final analysis and synthesis. Only four studies were assessed as high quality. Identified themes were mental health and well-being, positive psychology, problem-solving and stress reduction, mindfulness, and physical activity. More than half (N = 32, 56.14%) interventions showed a positive outcome after implementation. Most of those interventions focused on positive psychology and mindfulness.
Mental well-being is important for the healthy development of adolescents. Countries are aware that healthy adolescents will become healthy adults who will contribute to his/her community and will lower costs of the absence of work and treatments. Thus, they support and invest in interventions that prevent mental disorders. There is a need for developing multidimensional mental well-being interventions that are effective in low- and secondary-income countries.
This study ensured rigorous methodology, followed PRISMA recommendations and evaluated quality of identified literature using the GRADE guidelines. A critical synthesis was performed to produce an integrated conceptualization of the evidence. The synthesis represents a list of effective school interventions for the promotion of adolescents' mental well-being.
Studies have shown that working conditions and employee health are related; therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationships between working long hours per week with health outcomes in ...different European countries. We analyzed data derived from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. The sample included 12.099 participants aged ≥ 50 from 16 European countries. We analyzed self-reported working hours, health outcomes of blood cholesterol, heart attack, diabetes, and hypertension, as well as a longitudinal analysis of health outcomes among healthcare workers and workers in 13 other industries. Statistical analyses identified that men are working longer hours per week compared with women in all included countries, and different levels of increase in health conditions in different industries. We also observed a slower increase in the prevalence of health conditions for healthcare workers compared with workers in other industries, especially diabetes and hypertension. The largest increase in prevalence of observed health conditions was reported for cholesterol, which increased for 17.14% among healthcare workers and for 21.70% in other industries over the observed nine-year period. Although the data point to a potentially high level of awareness in the field of preventive health among healthcare workers, more preventive health activities should be included in workplaces to strengthen employees' health.
PDF
