To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of posterior chamber collagen copolymer phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation to correct myopia.
Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, ...Spain.
Cohort study.
Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, refraction, pIOL vault, endothelial cell loss, and adverse events were evaluated for 5 years after implantation of the Visian Implantable Collamer Lens pIOL for moderate to high myopia.
The mean spherical equivalent (188 eyes) decreased from -11.17 diopters (D) ± 3.40 (SD) preoperatively to -0.88 ± 0.72 D 5 years postoperatively. The mean change in refraction from 1 month to 5 years was -0.65 ± 0.65 D. The mean UDVA and CDVA (Snellen decimal) were 0.69 ± 0.26 and 0.83 ± 0.15, respectively. The mean safety and efficacy indices were 1.27 ± 0.33 and 0.89 ± 0.35, respectively. No eye lost more than 2 lines of visual acuity; 70% achieved 0.80 or better CDVA. Three eyes (1.6%) developed late anterior subcapsular cataract that was clinically significant in 1 case, leading to pIOL removal and phacoemulsification. Of the 3 eyes (1.6%) with a mild transient increase in intraocular pressure (up to 27 mm Hg), none required a second surgical procedure or prolonged topical medication. The total endothelial cell loss (considered cumulatively at consecutive intervals through 5 years) was 7.7%. There was a tendency toward decreased pIOL vault decrease over time. No vision-threatening complications occurred.
Implantation of the collagen copolymer pIOL for moderate to high myopia was safe and effective and provided long-term predictable, stable refractive results.
Herein, we present the syntheses of a novel coordination polymer (CP) based on the perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylate (pery) linkers and sodium metal ions. We have chosen sodium metal center with the ...aim of surmising the effect that the modification of the metal ion may have on the relative humidity (RH) experimental measurements of the material. We confirm the role of the ions in the functionalization of the deposited layer by modifying their selectivity towards moisture content, paving the way to the generation of sensitive and selective chemical sensors.
To assess the predictability, stability, efficacy, and safety of a newly developed posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) (model V4c Visian Implantable Collamer Lens) to correct moderate to ...high myopia.
Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain.
Prospective case series.
This study evaluated eyes that had implantation of the new pIOL model with a central hole for myopia correction. Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell density, pIOL vault, and adverse events were evaluated over 12 months.
The study comprised 147 eyes of 80 patients. Preoperatively, the mean spherical equivalent (SE) was -8.80 diopters (D) ± 2.60 (SD). At 12 months, the mean SE was -0.14 ± 0.26 D, with 93.9% of eyes within ±0.50 D of the target and 100% of eyes within ±1.00 D. The mean UDVA and CDVA were 0.028 ± 0.055 logMAR and 0.003 ± 0.013 logMAR, respectively. The efficacy and safety indices were 1.00 and 1.04, respectively. All eyes had unchanged CDVA or gained 1 or more lines during the follow-up. The IOP remained stable over time; no eye developed anterior subcapsular cataract. Twelve months postoperatively, the mean vault was 405.5 ± 184.7 μm (range 100 to 980 μm), and the mean endothelial cell loss was 1.7%.
The good refractive and visual acuity outcomes and the highly stable IOP values obtained over 12 months support the use of the new pIOL model with a central hole for the correction of moderate to high myopia.
No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
To assess the long-term correction of moderate to high myopia using a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens with a central port design.
Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual ...acuities, refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell density (ECD), vault, and adverse events over a 5-year period were evaluated retrospectively.
A total of 147 eyes (83 patients) were evaluated. Mean postoperative UDVA and CDVA were 0.05 ± 0.11 and 0.02 ± 0.08 logMAR at 1 year and 0.13 ± 0.18 and 0.02 ± 0.09 logMAR at 5 years, respectively. More than 95% of eyes achieved CDVA of 20/25 or better at both follow-up periods. CDVA was unchanged or improved from one to three or more lines in all eyes. Preoperatively, mean spherical equivalent (SE) was -9.20 ± 3.02 diopters (D). At 1 year, the mean SE was -0.17 ± 0.26 D, with 91.53% of eyes within ±0.50 D and 100% of eyes within ±1.00 D of the target. At 5 years, the mean SE was -0.44 ± 0.47 D, with 67.4% of eyes within ±0.50 D and 90.1% of eyes within ±1.00 D of the target. Mean IOP was 12.74 ± 1.65 and 13.0 ± 2.03 mm Hg, at 1 and 5 years, respectively. No significant rise in IOP (> 20 mm Hg) occurred during the follow-up period. Mean ECD was 2,696 ± 358 and 2,645 ± 359 cells/mm
at 1 and 5 years, respectively, representing a non-significant loss of 0.43% from preoperative values (P = .304). Mean vault changed significantly from 398 ± 187 µm at 1 year to 340 ± 163 µm at 5 years (P < .001). No intraoperative or postoperative complications or adverse events occurred during the follow-up period.
The good long-term outcomes found in this study support the use of this lens with a central port design for the correction of moderate to high myopia. J Refract Surg. 2019;35(3):169-176..
The present work focuses on the development of lignin micro- and nano-structures obtained by means of electrohydrodynamic techniques aimed to be potentially applicable as thickening or structuring ...agents in vegetable oils. The micro- and nano-structures used were mainly composed of eucalyptus kraft lignin (EKL), which were doped to some extent with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). EKL/PVP solutions were prepared at different concentrations (10–40 wt.%) and EKL:PVP ratios (95:5–100:0) in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and further physico-chemically and rheologically characterized. Electrosprayed micro-sized particles were obtained from solutions with low EKL/PVP concentrations (10 and 20 wt.%) and/or high EKL:PVP ratios, whereas beaded nanofiber mats were produced by increasing the solution concentration and/or decreasing EKL:PVP ratio, as a consequence of improved extensional viscoelastic properties. EKL/PVP electrospun nanofibers were able to form oleogels by simply dispersing them into castor oil at nanofiber concentrations higher than 15 wt.%. The rheological properties of these oleogels were assessed by means of small-amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) and viscous flow tests. The values of SAOS functions and viscosity depended on both the nanofiber concentration and the morphology of nanofiber templates and resemble those exhibited by commercial lubricating greases made from traditional metallic soaps and mineral oils.
Background To assess the clinical outcomes of the Visian Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) with a central port throughout 7 years of follow-up. Methods Eighty-four eyes of 52 patients were evaluated ...over a follow-up period of 7 years after V4c ICL implantation. Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell density (ECD) and vault were analysed. Results The mean postoperative UDVA (logMAR) was 0.04 + or - 0.11, 0.13 + or - 0.19 and 0.17 + or - 0.23 at 1-, 5- and 7-years, respectively (P < 0.0001). The mean CDVA (logMAR) remains unchanged throughout a 7-year follow-up period (0.02 + or - 0.08 and 0.02 + or - 0.08, at 5- and 7-years, respectively, P = 0.2). At all follow-up visits, more than 95% of the eyes achieved a CDVA of 20/25 or better and more than 85% a CDVA of 20/20. At the end of the follow-up (7 years), no eye lost more lines of CDVA, 56 eyes (66.7%) and 28 eyes (33.3%) gained lines of CDVA. At 7-years, the spherical equivalent was - 0.62 + or - 0.62 D. No significant increase in IOP (> 20 mmHg or an increase higher than 5 mmHg) occurred in any case throughout the 7-year of follow-up. The loss in ECD from the preoperative baseline at the last follow-up visit was 2.6%. No intraoperative or postoperative complications or adverse events occurred during the follow-up period. Conclusions The outcomes of this study show the long-term viability of the V4c ICL implantation as a surgical option for the correction of myopia. Keywords: Implantable Collamer Lens, ICL, Myopia, Long-term
The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes of the combined surgery (triple procedure) of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK), phacoemulsification, and intraocular lens (IOL) ...implantation using a new surgical strategy.
The study included 43 eyes of 43 patients who underwent a triple procedure. Twenty-six eyes with good visibility through the cornea underwent phacoemulsification before the stromal dissection. Seventeen eyes with bad visibility underwent the DALK procedure first until achieving enough visibility to perform the lensectomy. IOL power calculation was performed for a postoperative estimated flat keratometry of 43.5 and aiming to avoid hyperopic postoperative refraction. The postoperative visual examination included uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) measurements and manifest refraction.
The mean follow-up time after suture removal was 3.06 ± 2.14 years. Mean CDVA significantly changed from 0.86 ± 0.56 logMAR preoperatively to 0.37 ± 0.28 logMAR in the last visit ( P < 0.0001). The percentage of eyes with CDVA ≤0.3 logMAR changed from 6.9% preoperatively to 62.8%. No eyes lost lines of vision after surgery, and 80% experienced an improvement of 2 or more lines. The safety index was 2.2. The mean postoperative refractive sphere was +0.13 ± 2.04 D, and the postoperative refractive cylinder was -4.02 ± 2.24 D. Only 2 cases (4.65%) obtained postoperative hyperopic astigmatism. No intraoperative complications were found.
Combined surgery of DALK, phacoemulsification, and IOL implantation is an effective and safe procedure. Depending on the corneal transparency, different surgical strategies can be established to provide more efficacy and safety.
Flexible and biodegradable electronics is attracting the interest of the Internet of Things industry. The necessity of sustainable development and environmental friendly electronic devices forces ...manufactures to reduce electronic wastes and toxic residues. Cellulose nanofibers are biodegradable and flexible materials suitable to build self supported film electronics and are seeing first employment in sensor fabrication. In this work, cellulose nanofibers based moisture sensors are reported, which are characterized at different working frequencies showing a good dependence with relative humidity (RH). A transparent and fully biodegradable moisture sensor was fabricated based on a PEDOT:PSS electrode showing a wide operation range from 20% to 85%RH, where CNF film acts as the sensing layer without any additional processing. In order to manufacture the sensor, a one-step fabrication method based on screen-printing was applied, which offers a more reproducible and cost-effective solution than others techniques. In addition, this method offers the possibility to easily redesign the sensor saving time and money. Thus, our work presents a versatile, transparent, self-supported film moisture sensor with a promising adaptability to the green-electronics industry.
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To assess the clinical outcomes and postoperative complications of the implantable collamer lens (ICL) with a central port throughout 10 years of follow-up in patients with low and normal vault.
...Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain.
Retrospective and comparative case series.
This study included eyes that underwent a V4c ICL implantation with 10 years of follow-up. The eyes were divided into 2 groups according to the vault at 1 year postoperatively: vault <250 μm and between 250 μm and 800 μm. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell density (ECD), vault, complications, and secondary surgeries were analyzed.
37 and 90 eyes were enrolled in the low and normal-vault groups, respectively. No differences in UDVA, CDVA, and refraction were found between the groups over 10 years of follow-up. No cases developed ICL-induced anterior subcapsular opacity over the follow-up period. 2 (5.4%) and 8 (8.9%) eyes in the low and normal-vault groups, respectively, required ICL exchange. 1 (2.8%) and 2 (2.2%) eyes in the low and normal-vault groups, respectively, required excimer laser to correct residual refractive error. The IOP remained stable throughout the 10-year follow-up. The loss in ECD from that preoperatively to 10 years postoperatively was 3.8% and 4.5% in the low and normal-vault groups, respectively ( P = .4). No pigment dispersion glaucoma or other vision-threatening complications were reported.
This study shows good long-term outcomes of the V4c ICL, supporting that the central hole provides safety to the procedure and prevents the potential risk associated with low vault.
Viruses are a paradigm of the economy of genome resources, reflected in their multiplication strategy and for their own structure. Although there is enormous structural diversity, the viral genome is ...always enclosed within a proteinaceous coat, and most virus species are haploid; the only exception to this rule are the highly pleomorphic enveloped viruses. We performed an in-depth characterization of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a non-enveloped icosahedral dsRNA virus with a bisegmented genome. Up to 6 natural populations can be purified, which share a similar protein composition but show higher sedimentation coefficients as particle density increases. Stoichiometry analysis of their genome indicated that these biophysical differences correlate with the copy number of dsRNA segments inside the viral capsid. This is a demonstration of a functional polyploid icosahedral dsRNA virus. We show that IBDV particles with greater genome copy number have higher infectivity rates. Our results show an unprecedented replicative strategy for dsRNA viruses and suggest that birnaviruses are living viral entities encompassing numerous functional and structural characteristics of positive and negative ssRNA viruses.
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