This study aims to determine the cognitive, social, physical, and affective barriers that prevent academics from publishing and the enablers suggested to overcome these barriers. The study, using the ...phenomenological research method, involved semi-structured interviews conducted with 41 academicians differing in gender, branch, age, and experience. The deductive analysis of the obtained data showed that the academicians had cognitive difficulties especially in writing the IMRAD sections and writing in English. Their social barriers were found to include the difficulty of journal evaluation processes, the problems experienced in carrying out collaborative studies, and educational, administrative, and family responsibilities. The physical barriers included problems about time management, data collection process, and infrastructure. Lastly, the main affective barriers were not being in the right mood for writing, thinking that studies do not contribute to real life, fear of rejection, lack of self-confidence, and perfectionism. The academicians suggested various enablers, such as finding a good research topic, improving one’s English language skills, cooperating, and insisting on acceptance.
•Three models were put forward to clearly show the mediating relationships.•Algorithmic thinking, creativity, critical thinking, digital literacy and effective communication predicted the ...problem-solving skill significantly in model 1.•In model 2, cooperativity was seen to be a mediating variable between effective communication and critical thinking.•In model 3, it was seen that cooperativity, creative thinking, digital literacy and algorithmic thinking predicted the problem-solving skills through critical thinking at a stronger level.•Critical thinking has a mediating role between the skills addressed in the study and the problem-solving skill.
This study investigates whether cooperativity and critical thinking mediate the relationship between other 21st century skills (algorithmic thinking, creativity, digital literacy, and effective communication) and problem-solving. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis was used to determine the mediating relationship between 21st century skills. The study participants were 714 undergraduate students from various regions of Turkey selected through purposive sampling and who participated on a voluntary basis. Computational thinking, effective communication, and digital literacy scales were used and a significant correlation was found between all the 21st century skills. A series of structural equation models were tested. The final model suggests that, in line with predictions, critical thinking mediates the relationship between the 21st century skills of cooperativity, digital literacy, creativity, algorithmic thinking, and problem solving. However, somewhat different from predictions is the finding that communication skills directly predict problem solving without further mediation. Thus, overall, the findings indicate that critical thinking has a crucial mediating role between other 21st century skills and problem solving.
This study aims to examine the effects of physical variables (temperature, humidity, air quality, light, and sound) and those pertaining to the monitoring these physical variables on a group of ...students in terms of attention, motivation, attitudes, and perceptions of academic achievement (POA). The students were provided with a chance to monitor the physical variables through the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This study employed a causal comparative design, which is a quantitative research method. The sample chosen by convenience sampling consisted of 262 undergraduate students from five different educational environments in the faculty of education of a large state university located in the Northeast Turkey. A prototype measuring the physical variables of the educational environments and enabling to send these to the internet was developed in the context of an IoT application, and it was ensured that the students in the five different educational environments monitored the physical variables for six weeks. Data were collected by use of the prototype created in the framework of IoT and a questionnaire. Consequently, it was concluded that the physical variables did not have significant effects on attitudes, but temperature, air quality, light, and sound had significant effects on students’ attention, motivation, and perceptions of academic achievement. Furthermore, results showed that monitoring the physical variables caused a difference in the students’ motivation, attention, attitudes, and POA.
Tefsir üzerine yazılan eserler 19. yüzyıla kadar genel olarak dirâyet ve rivâyet yönü itibarıyla tasnif edilmiş, bu yüzyıldan sonra yapılan çalışmalar ise çağdaş tefsirler olarak değerlendirilmiştir. ...Çağdaş tefsir çalışmalarını genel bir tasnif ve değerlendirmeye tabi tuttuğumuzda içerisine içtimâî, bilimsel, edebî, tarihselci, konulu ve ilhâdî tefsir türlerinin kategorize edildiği kendini göstermektedir. Bu tefsirlerden her birinin ortaya çıkışlarında ve gelişmelerinde birçok etken söz konusudur ve bu sebeple kendi aralarında yöntem ve prensip cihetiyle bazı farklılıklar mevcuttur. Dolayısıyla ilgili tefsirlerin ve müelliflerinin hepsinin aynı kategoride değerlendirilmesi doğru değildir; ancak çağdaş İslam dünyasındaki her eğilim, doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak çağdaş İslam düşüncesinin en aksiyonel siması olarak ön plana çıkan Muhammed Abduh ve onun tesis ettiği Islah Hareketinden etkilendiği görülmektedir. Bunlardan bazıları eski ve yeninin doğruları ışığı altında Kur’an’ın i’caz yönünü ortaya koymaya çalışırken, bazıları ise modern söylemleri Kur’an hakikatleri olarak sunmuşlar, diğerleri ise âyetleri belli bir zaman dilimine hasrederek tarihselci bir bakış açısı geliştirmişler ve genel olarak ilmî yöntem ve metotlardan uzak nitelikte eserler telif etmişlerdir. Netice olarak modern tefsir hareketinde ağırlıklı olarak sekülerizm, rasyonalizm, tecdit, ıslahat, içtihat konularına vurgu yapılmış ve Kur’ân ayetleri yaşanan birtakım sosyopolitik problemlerle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu bakımdan bu makalede yaklaşık son iki asırda yazılmış çağdaş tefsirlerin özellikleri ve mahiyetleri, müelliflerinin genel tutumları ve ayrışan yönlerine etki eden sebepler ile ilmîlikten uzak olduğu düşünülen tercihleri tartışılmıştır.
Although there are suggestions for writing the theoretical framework in the literature, studies on how all sections of research should be structured based on the theoretical framework are limited. ...The current research compared the structuring of doctoral theses' theoretical frameworks in the field of instructional technology produced in Turkey and the US. Two hundred doctoral theses were subjected to content analysis based on the list of criteria developed by the researchers. The data collection tool includes the criteria of formality, language, definition and association, purpose and significance, methodological procedures, and presentation and interpretation of results. Independent factorial ANOVA were used to determine whether country and method affected the data obtained from the analyzed theses. The analysis of the data showed that the US-based theses were structured in accordance with the established criteria in all aspects except for purpose and importance. Method did not affect consistency with the criteria. The results of the study are anticipated to guide graduate students, thesis advisors, and researchers preparing theses and articles.
•Doctoral theses on instructional technology from Turkey and the US were analyzed to assess use of theoretical frameworks.•Content analysis was conducted to theoretically compare 200 theses originating from the USA and Turkey.•The theoretical framework writing criteria were examined under six headings based on the literature.•US-based theses are written coherently in terms of formality, language, definition and association criteria.•The study showed that less attention was paid to the presentation and interpretation of results in both countries.
One of the most important outputs of a prepared material is the application areas in which it can be used. In this context, in this study, the idea of how a diode produced by using the prepared ...BaZrO3 perovskite would behave under the influence of different physical external stimuli was taken into action, thus, the Al/BaZrO3/Si heterojunction was produced. The metallic contacts and BaZrO3 thin film interfacial layer used in the fabricated device were coated by thermal evaporation technique. It has been understood from the taken AFM images and the analyzes made on these images that one of the best methods that can be used for such devices, where the parameters such as roughness and homogeneity of the material used in the interface are of great importance, is the thermal evaporation technique. In addition, the generated device was examined in detail with SEM and XRD analyzes to reveal the morphological and structural features. Apart from the structural properties, the electrical properties of the device were examined under the influence of temperature and light stimuli, and the changes in the behavior of the device were analyzed. The performed current-voltage measurements under different light sources showed that the device was sensitive to light, and temperature-dependent measurements also showed that the device could be used in applications in a wide temperature range. Some prominent diode parameters such as series resistance, barrier height and ideality factor value of the device were computed by the usage of Norde and thermionic emission approaches, and the relevant parameter values were acquired as 5.32 kΩ, 0.55 eV and 1.77, respectively. In addition to these, the conductivity and capacitance measurements were performed depending on the changing frequency and application voltage, and electrical parameters such as donor concentration (Nd), fermi level (EF), maximum electric field (Em) and barrier height (ΦB) were computed in the light of the obtained data. The obtained outcomes proved that the produced device and the utilized BaZrO3 perovskite material could be used in photovoltaic and electronic applications.
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•The Al/p-Si Schottky diode was fabricated by using BaZrO3 perovskite interlayer by using the thermal evaporation technique.•The structural, morphological, and electrical analyses of prepared BaZrO3 material were performed.•The fabricated device is very sensitive to light and temperature.•The fabricated device is strongly dependent on the voltage and frequency.•The fabricated structure can be utilized in optoelectronic and temperature-dependent electronic applications.
Study objectives included the assessment of carcass fatty acid composition and meat texture characteristics of younger Holstein Friesian bulls. Three experimental groups were formed based on the ...weights of the 23 young bulls at slaughter: lighter, medium, and heavier. Samples were taken from the Gluteus medius (GM) and Longissimus thoracis muscles 24 h after slaughter. Fatty acid composition, Warner-Bratzler Meat Shear (WBS) measurements, as well as textural profile analysis (TPA) and sensory analysis of the muscle samples were conducted. The fatty acid composition was determined using Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). Polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fatty acids give a neutral hypocholesterolemic effect in direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) contents, DFA/OFA (C14:0+C16:0) ratio, hardness, Warner-Bratzler Shear force and also the chews number – which is desirable - before swallowing (NCBS) the meat were significantly decreased with the increasing slaughter weight. Higher slaughter weight resulted in a larger amount of beef with a better panel tenderness score; however, the meat obtained from the LSW group was less healthy considering the fatty acid profile. Additionally, internal fat contained the highest saturated fatty acids concentrations, while subcutaneous fat contained the highest amount of monounsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, intramuscular fat levels were highest in PUFA and PUFA/SFA ratio. As a result, this study strongly suggests that slaughter weight and anatomical location of fat samples contribute significantly to meat texture characteristics and fatty acid profiles in Holstein Friesian bulls.
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