COVID-19, which started in 2019 and affected the whole world, has affected everyone at different intensities and in different ways. COVID-19, which is considered a pandemic, has turned into a major ...public health problem in terms of its consequences and has affected people biopsychosocially. However, people in risk groups may be affected more. This study was conducted to reveal the risk groups for the pandemic and to determine the psychosocial factors. Data were collected online using the relational screening model and snowball sampling methods. A Sociodemographic Information Form, COVID-19 Pandemic Psychosocial Impact Scale (C19-PPIS), and International Personality Inventory Short Form (IPISV) were sent online to 826 participants. Data were analysed using an independent sample t-test, a one-way ANOVA test, and the Pearson Correlation analysis. According to the results, young adults (X¯ = 2.77), women (X¯ = 2.79), singles (X¯ = 2.78), those who are unemployed (X¯ = 2.89), and those who had to change their home or city due to the pandemic (X¯ = 2.89) were more affected by the pandemic. Psychological support was the support system needed the most during the pandemic (X¯ = 3.04). In addition, a negative relationship was found between an extroverted personality and psychosocial impact from the pandemic (r = −0.148 and p < 0.01). A positive relationship was found between introversion (r = 0.183 and p < 0.01), agreeableness (r = 0.078 and p < 0.05), hostility (r = 0.094 and p < 0.01), disorganisation (r = 0.237 and p < 0.01), openness to development (r = 0.80 and p < 0.05), closed off to development (r = 0.070 and p < 0.05), emotional instability personality (r = 0.498 and p < 0.01), and psychosocial impact from the pandemic. This study has revealed important results regarding who has been most affected psychosocially by COVID-19. It is thought that the results obtained can guide state policies on what should be done in the field of preventive community mental health in another possible epidemic.
The aim of this study is to evaluate whether providing psychological support to healthcare professionals who are actively involved in the pandemic process will reduce the psychological risk factors ...created by the pandemic on healthcare professionals.
A total of 440 healthcare professionals working in different positions in 2 state hospitals, which are considered pandemic hospitals, were included in the study. Sociodemographic Data Form, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Inventory, and Psychological Resilience Scale were used in the study, which was carried out with the experimental design pre-test-post-test model before the experiment. Participants were made to watch 4 videos prepared by expert psychologists on anxiety, depression, and psychological resilience.
The data obtained from the sample before and after watching the videos were analyzed with the paired sample
-test. Accordingly, there was a significant difference between the groups of health workers who participated in the survey before and after watching the psychological support videos (
< .001). After watching the psychological support videos, the anxiety scores of the health workers decreased. In addition, anxiety scores created a significant difference in demographic variables (gender, age, marital status, not having a child, having a high education level, smoking and alcohol use, having a physiological disease, and working year). Depression scores decreased in those who use alcohol and those who have 1-3 shifts per month.
In disasters such as epidemics that bring psychosocial difficulties, psychotherapeutic support to those who fight in the first place is important in protecting their mental health.
The aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of dissociation in emotional regulation and parental child-containing function skills of mothers exposed to childhood trauma. The research was ...conducted with 400 mothers between the ages of 20–60 who had childhood trauma and currently have children between the ages of 0–18. The relational screening model, one of the general screening models, was used in the research. The sample of the research was selected using the convenient sampling method and the simple random method. Research data were collected with the Sociodemographic Information Form, Childhood Trauma Scale (CTS), Parental Child-Containing Function Scale (PCCFS), Emotion Regulation Difficulty Scale (ERDS), and Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES). According to the results obtained in the study, physical abuse (β = 0.197; 95% CI 0.124; 0.268), physical neglect (β = 0.232; 95% CI 0.161; 0.306), emotional abuse (β = 0.238; 95% CI 0.169; 0.309), emotional neglect (β = 0.210; 95% CI 0.150; 0.275), and sexual abuse (β = 0.139; 95% CI 0.058; 0.220) were found to have a significant indirect effect on emotion regulation difficulties through dissociative experiences. In addition, physical abuse (β = 0.122; 95% CI 0.071; 0.181), physical neglect (β = 0.151; 95% CI 0.084; 0.228), emotional abuse (β = 0.158; 95% CI 0.086; 0.238), emotional neglect (β = 0.159; 95% CI 0.093; 0.235), and sexual abuse (β = 0.086; 95% CI 0.039; 0.150 was found to have a significant indirect effect on parental child-containing function skills through dissociative experiences.
Aim: Cardiac abnormalities associated with celiac disease (CD) have been reported. However, changes in electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters in children with CD have not been previously evaluated in ...the literature. In this study, we aimed to evaluate these parameters which may be determinative in the development of atrial and ventricular arrhythmia of children with CD. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with CD in the gastroenterology clinic were included in the study. ECG measurements of QT, T peak to end (Tp-e) and P intervals were performed. The Tp-e/QT ratio was calculated from these measurements. Echocardiographic and ECG parameters of the patients and controls were compared. Those patients with elevated anti-tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A (IgA-tTG) levels were considered positive serology. The patients were divided in three groups and compared with each other according to ECG parameters; namely newly diagnosed patients, patients with seropositive and patients with seronegative who had been on a gluten free diet for at least 6 months. Results: Fifty-two patients with CD and 59 healthy volunteers were included. P-wave dispersion, QTd, corrected QT dispersion (QTcd), Tp-e dispersion and TP-e/QT ratio were higher in those children with CD compared to the controls. We did not find any correlation between IgA-tTG levels and P-wave, QT and Tp-e dispersions. There was no difference between the three groups of CD patients for ECG and echocardiographic parameters. Conclusion: CD is associated with changes in some ECG parameters, which are considered as predictors of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias in special populations. For this reason, children with CD should be evaluated in terms of these parameters, and more electrophysiological studies are necessary to reveal the clinical and prognostic effects of these parameters for CD. Keywords: Electrocardiography, celiac disease, Tp-e dispersion, Tp-e/QT ratio, ventricular depolarization, arrhythmias
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency and results of congenital heart defects (CHD) in multipl pregnancies by fetal echocardiography. Among these, to evaluate critical ...congenital heart diseases such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome, interrupted aorta, and pulmonary atresia etc that require care in a tertiary center. Method: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in pregnant women who admitted for fetal echocardiography. The data of the pregnancy were obtained retrospectively from the hospital records. A total of 9,440 pregnant women were enrolled in this study between January 2016 and September 2019. Two hundred and forty-one of them were multiple pregnancies (232 twins, 7 triplets and 2 quadruplets). Results: Congenital heart disease rate was 4.31% in singleton pregnancies and 8.7% in multiple pregnancies. The prevalence of CHD was significantly higher in multipl pregnancies (p=0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to rate of critical congenital heart disease (p=0.32). Conclusion: Multiple pregnancies had increased congenital heart defect risk compared with singleton. Therefore, it is important to refer for fetal echocardiography when necessary. Fetal echocardiography is routinely recommended in high-risk pregnancies such as monocarionic twin pregnancies. However, in pregnant women without risk factors for CHD is also seen. Postnatal follow-up of congenital heart disease is important, and early diagnosis of these diseases with fetal echocardiography is important.
PURPOSEFetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common pregnancy complication that can be associated with several adverse perinatal outcomes. One of these negative outcomes is ductus arteriosus, ...especially in preterm babies. In this study, intrauterine heart function and ductus diameter were evaluated in babies with FGR.METHODSThirty-seven fetuses with FGR were compared with 37 normal-weight fetuses at the same gestational week. In our study, ventricular diameters, aorta, pulmonary artery, ductus arteriosus (DA), aortic arch diameter, and flow traces were examined. In addition, the aorta and aortic isthmus diameters were proportioned to the ductus diameter, and the left ventricular myocardial performance index (MPI) (ICT + IRT)/ET was evaluated.RESULTSThere was no difference in DA diameters between the patient and control groups. The intragroup comparison of the cases with early- and late-onset FGR revealed no statistically significant difference between DA diameters. However, the ratios of the aortic annulus diameter/ductus diameter (AOD/DAD) and aortic isthmus diameter/ductus diameter (AID/DAD) were significantly lower in early-onset FGR because the diameter of the DA was greater. In addition, the mod-MPI values were higher in the patient group.CONCLUSIONSIn our study, although the ductal diameters did not change significantly in the patient group, the ductal diameter was greater in the early-onset intrauterine growth restriction (FGR) group compared with other cardiac measurements. The mod-MPI value, a cardiac function indicator, was higher in fetuses with FGR. These findings may be useful for evaluating postnatal cardiac functions in FGR.
Abstract
Context
Homozygous leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) variants lead to childhood-onset obesity.
Objective
To present new cases with LEP and LEPR deficiency, report the long-term ...follow-up of previously described patients, and to define, based on all reported cases in literature, genotype-phenotype relationships.
Methods
Our cohort included 18 patients (LEP = 11, LEPR = 7), 8 of whom had been previously reported. A systematic literature review was conducted in July 2022. Forty-two of 47 studies on LEP/LEPR were selected.
Results
Of 10 new cases, 2 novel pathogenic variants were identified in LEP (c.16delC) and LEPR (c.40 + 5G > C). Eleven patients with LEP deficiency received metreleptin, 4 of whom had been treated for over 20 years. One patient developed loss of efficacy associated with neutralizing antibody development. Of 152 patients, including 134 cases from the literature review in addition to our cases, frameshift variants were the most common (48%) in LEP and missense variants (35%) in LEPR. Patients with LEP deficiency were diagnosed at a younger age 3 (9) vs 7 (13) years, P = .02 and had a higher median body mass index (BMI) SD score 3.1 (2) vs 2.8 (1) kg/m2, P = 0.02, which was more closely associated with frameshift variants (P = .02). Patients with LEP deficiency were more likely to have hyperinsulinemia (P = .02).
Conclusion
Frameshift variants were more common in patients with LEP deficiency whereas missense variants were more common in LEPR deficiency. Patients with LEP deficiency were identified at younger ages, had higher BMI SD scores, and had higher rates of hyperinsulinemia than patients with LEPR deficiency. Eleven patients benefitted from long-term metreleptin, with 1 losing efficacy due to neutralizing antibodies.
•EEG beta band complexity could be a biomarker for treatment resistance in OCD.•EEG beta band complexity was lower in treatment-resistant OCD patients.•Severity of illness as measured by Yale-Brown ...Obsessive Compulsive Scale was inversely correlated with approximate entropy (ApEn) complexity values.
This study aimed to identify an Electroencephalography (EEG) complexity biomarker that could predict treatment resistance in Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients. Additionally, the statistical differences between EEG complexity values in treatment-resistant and treatment-responsive patients were determined. Moreover, the existence of correlations between EEG complexity and Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) score were evaluated.
EEG data for 29 treatment-resistant and 28 treatment-responsive OCD patients were retrospectively evaluated. Approximate entropy (ApEn) method was used to extract the EEG complexity from both whole EEG data and filtered EEG data, according to 4 common frequency bands, namely delta, theta, alpha, and beta. The random forests method was used to classify ApEn complexity.
ApEn complexity extracted from beta band EEG segments discriminated treatment-responsive and treatment-resistant OCD patients with an accuracy of 89.66% (sensitivity: 89.44%; specificity: 90.64%). Beta band EEG complexity was lower in the treatment-resistant patients and the severity of OCD, as measured by YBOCS score, was inversely correlated with complexity values.
The results indicate that, EEG complexity could be considered a biomarker for predicting treatment response in OCD patients.
The prediction of treatment response in OCD patients might help clinicians devise and administer individualized treatment plans.
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