L’article analyse la dynamique du sens juridique en circulation au sein du système juridique. L’approche méthodologique est centrée sur l’idée de texte juridique, à partir de laquelle est développé ...le modèle de maillage (mesh model), et entend décrire le fonctionnement de ce système comme une machine discursive. Les textes juridiques effectuent des opérations discursives, dans un état de métamorphose textuelle continue. Ils forment de la sorte des chaînes de textes, ordonnées et organisées en anneaux systémiques concentriques autour d’un noyau géométrique. Le système juridique est saisi comme un ensemble doté d’une structure (actantielle ; institutionnelle ; procédurale) et d’éléments (les textes juridiques ; les pratiques discursives). L’hypothèse de travail est centrée sur l’idée qu’il est possible de fournir un modèle narratif et discursif, centré sur l’idée de pratiques discursives, ce que donne des conditions pour que la Sémiotique du Droit puisse fournir un modèle contemporain de description de la notion de système juridique.
The article analyzes the dynamics of legal meaning circulating within the legal system. The methodological approach is centered on the idea of juridical text, from which the mesh model is developed, seeking to describe its functioning as a discursive machine. Juridical texts form chains of texts, ordered and organized in systemic rings in a concentric way, which surround the geometric core, carrying out discursive operations, in a state of continuous textual metamorphosis. The legal system is endowed with a structure (actantial; institutional; procedural) and elements (juridical texts; discursive practices). The working hypothesis is centered on the idea that it is possible to provide a narrative and discursive model, centered on the idea of discursive practices, which provides the conditions for the Semiotics of Law to be able to provide a contemporary model for describing the notion of the legal system.
Cet article examine le Code Civil français selon une perspective duale : l’acte d’écriture et l’objet d’écriture de la loi. La ligne méthodologique suivie est la sémiotique des objets, en lien avec ...la sémiotique du droit, afin de mettre en évidence les dimensions simultanées d’objet-d’écriture, d’objet-symbole et d’objet-relique. L’acte d’écriture est analysé comme un acte symbolique d’occupation de l’espace. Il rompt le silence et instaure la parole du législateur. De la sorte, le Code symbolise l’une des grandes conquêtes du discours juridique de la modernité. L’actant-objet est saisi par rapport à d’autres objets, mais aussi en interaction avec des sujets. Il représente en effet la source d’un savoir-faire spécifique des juristes dans l’exercice du discours juridique. Au cours de cet article, l’importance et la pertinence du Code nous conduiront à comprendre que son poids historique accroît le pouvoir rhétorique des parties dans les disputes judiciaires, dès lors que la parole du Code est invoquée.
This article approaches the Code Civil of France, in a double perspective, either as an act d’écriture, or as an objet-d’écriture of the law. The methodological perspective is the Semiotics of Objects, in connection with the Semiotics of Law, in order to highlight the simultaneous dimensions of objet-d’écriture, objet-symbole and object-relic. The acte-d’écriture is analyzed, as a symbolic act of occupation of the space, knowing that it breaks the silence and establishes the parole of the legislator. In this, the Code symbolizes one of the great achievements of the modern legal discourse. The object-actant is understood in relation to other objects, and also in interaction with subjects, being the source of a specific savoir-faire of jurists in the exercise of legal discourse. The importance and relevance of the Code will make it possible to identify, throughout the article, the understanding that its historical weight expands the rhetorical power of the parties in legal disputes, whenever the Code's word is invoked.
This article discusses ways in which the São Paulo human rights short film festival-"Entretodos" developed between 2013 and 2016. It considers the festival from the perspective of a coordinator and ...promoter, discussing its achievements within the socio-political context of this global city, and of Brazil more broadly, where there has been resistance to advances in human rights culture (HRC). Data from the festival gave rise to an analysis of the relationship between art and emancipation, which is presented here from a philosophical perspective. The author illustrates how the experience of hosting a human rights short film festival in São Paulo has led to the development of a municipal human rights education (HRE) policy and to the conviction that art and citizenship, including learning for citizenship, human right and conviviality, can go hand-in-hand. The article argues for a pedagogy of sensibility, which centres learners' humanity, as an approach to HRE. This paper was translated by Norman Michael Rodi and Kavita Lamba. It was presented at the International Conference on Human Rights Education -- ICHRE (9th, Sydney, Australia, November 28, 2018).
This paper presents a specific concept of the
legal system
, bringing a contribution to the
Theory of Law
, from the line of analysis of the
Semiotics of Law.
The entire methodological approach of ...this concept is based on the contributions of the
École de Paris
, from a theoretical-semiotic perspective derived from the studies of Algirdas Julien Greimas. The analysis seeks to further and qualify previous studies and publications, and focuses on the task of presenting the concept of
juridicity
, deriving the description of the concept of the
legal system
from it, understood as a
set of connections between legal texts
. Consequently, the paper presents a
Mesh Model
for the description of the
legal system
, replacing the positivist concept of the
Pyramid Model
, through restoring the relationship between
Law and Moral
, between
Law and Society
and
Law and Justice
. Throughout the theoretical explanation, the paper tries to trace, develop and qualify the main points with arguments that distinguish the operation of the
legal system
, such as the concentric movement, micro-universes of meaning, discursive practices, the task of legal actors, dynamic inter-textuality, the role of interpretation, the process of the production of legal meaning and the search for textual justice.
Este artigo desenvolve uma análise semiótica da fotografia, discutindo o seu valor para o debate público, a sensibilização e a mobilização da opinião pública e a luta por justiça social. A proposta ...de análise procura seguir na linha estreita das fronteiras da Semiótica da Fotografia e da Semiótica do Direito, de forma a aproximar dois campos de trabalho que têm sido muito pouco explorados, ao menos dentro da perspectiva teórica da semiótica greimasiana. A fotografia é analisada como texto fotográfico, inserida em narrativas culturais, de modo a estabilizar a imagem fotográfica, mobilizadora de sentidos sócioculturais que, quando tematizam questões de justiça, são capazes de afetar outros discursos. Ao gerar a afetação de mentalidades, a imagem tem o poder de persuasão, gerando um ciclo favorável à implementação de políticas e ações concernentes a novos direitos. É dessa forma que o texto fotográfico influencia, direta ou indiretamente, na afirmação da justiça social e, por isso, pode estar na gênese do texto jurídico.
Resumo Este artigo contém uma reflexão comparada entre modelos de Realismo Jurídico, no campo da Teoria do Direito, considerando-se as concepções do Realismo Jurídico Metodológico (Riccardo ...Guastini), no âmbito da teoria italiana, e da Teoria do Humanismo Realista (Eduardo C. B. Bittar), no âmbito da teoria brasileira. Assim, este artigo se ocupa de demonstrar as conexões aproximativas e distintivas entre as duas concepções de Realismos Jurídicos, dando-se destaque aos temas da indeterminação da linguagem, dos textos jurídicos e do papel central que a interpretação desempenha para os debates contemporâneos em Teoria do Direito.
Abstract This paper is a comparative reflection on the models of Legal Realism, in the Theory of Law, considering the conceptions of the Methodological Legal Realism (Riccardo Guastini), in the Italian perspective, and of the Theory of Realistic Humanism (Eduardo C. B. Bittar), in the Brazilian perspective. Therefore, this article shows the similarities and disconnections between the two conceptions of Legal Realisms, especially considering the domain of the indetermination of language, the legal texts and the central role of the legal interpretation to the contemporary Theory of Law.
Este artigo desenvolve, na perspectiva da semiótica francesa, uma análise do discurso filosófico, identificando no texto filosófico um laboratório de ideias. O artigo confere destaque à perspectiva ...teórica aberta pela analyse du discours, sem prescindir das contribuições advindas da semiótica do conhecimento, da semiótica dos objetos e da sociossemiótica. O pensamento é visto e discutido, ao longo da análise, enquanto palavra pensada, na medida da relação de intimidade que mantém com a linguagem. Na história da filosofia, não importa a tradição ou a linha de pensamento, a palavra é um ponto em comum dos sistemas filosóficos, pois permite operar a conversão do sentido convencional ao sentido filosófico. O discurso filosófico é também analisado por ser um discurso constituinte (discours constituant), exercido na base de uma enunciação debreada, que opera generalizações através de conceitos, buscando o efeito de verdade. O ato de pensamento não se separa do ato de escrita, e ambos se inscrevem dentro de uma comunidade discursiva, dos jogos polêmicos e de estereótipos acerca da vida intelectual.
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