The growing magnitude of restaurant food waste undermines the environmental sustainability of the global sector of food service provision. The challenge of restaurant food waste is of particular ...concern for transitional and developing economies where food consumption out of home is becoming increasingly popular. In these markets, a large share of restaurant food waste comes from customer plates, which highlights changes to consumer behaviour as an important mitigation opportunity. Little is however known about how these behavioural changes can be activated and subsequently reinforced. This study explores the prerequisites of consumer involvement in mitigating restaurant food waste in Poland, a transitional economy in East-Central Europe. It tests the role of such prerequisites of pro-environmental consumer behaviour as public environmental knowledge, environmental concern, anticipated regret and pro-environmental behaviour at home in shaping positive customer attitudes towards the need to mitigate restaurant food waste with a subsequent trigger of behavioural intentions to engage in mitigation. The study offers policy and management recommendations on how these behavioural intentions can be reinforced.
•Deals with the growing societal challenge of food wastage in restaurants.•Studies an emerging market of out-of-home food consumption in East-Central Europe.•Reveals the determinants of consumer engagement in restaurant food waste mitigation.•Discloses the policy and management opportunities to enhance this engagement.
Few millions of new cancer cases are diagnosed worldwide every year. Due to significant progress in understanding cancer biology and developing new therapies, the mortality rates are decreasing with ...many of patients that can be completely cured. However, vast majority of them require chemotherapy which comes with high medical costs in terms of adverse events, of which cardiotoxicity is one of the most serious and challenging. Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, epirubicin) are a class of cytotoxic agents used in treatment of breast cancer, sarcomas, or hematological malignancies that are associated with high risk of cardiotoxicity that is observed in even up to 30% of patients and can be diagnosed years after the therapy. The mechanism, in which anthracyclines cause cardiotoxicity are not well known, but it is proposed that dysregulation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), one of main humoral regulators of cardiovascular system, may play a significant role. There is increasing evidence that drugs targeting this system can be effective in the prevention and treatment of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity what has recently found reflection in the recommendation of some scientific societies. In this review, we comprehensively describe possible mechanisms how anthracyclines affect RAAS and lead to cardiotoxicity. Moreover, we critically review available preclinical and clinical data on use of RAAS inhibitors in the primary and secondary prevention and treatment of cardiac adverse events associated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy.
Empirical research is required to identify psychological and psychographic factors which can activate or amplify norms of foodservice customers towards food waste reduction. By surveying 446 ...foodservice customers in Poland, a country with a large population of religion followers, this study examines the influence of religious values on personal norms and explores the moderating effect of social distance on injunctive norms. The results indicate that religious values do not activate personal norms directly but affect them indirectly via such mediating factors as the feeling of compassion and family upbringing. Close encounters, such as family and friends, amplify the effect of injunctive norms while distant encounters, such as fellow countrymen, do not. This suggests that measures for food waste reduction should be designed to appeal to the foodservice customers' feeling of compassion. The measures should also remind foodservice customers that their (grand)parents and friends would disprove food waste.
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•Religious values affect personal norms of foodservice customers indirectly.•The feeling of compassion and family upbringing mediate the effect of religious values.•The feeling of respect for farmers’ work exerts no influence on personal norms.•Close encounters amplify the effect of injunctive norms on food waste reduction intention.•Food waste reduction campaigns should appeal to compassion and family upbringing.
According to the World Health Organization report published in 2016, 650 million people worldwide suffer from obesity, almost three times more than in 1975. Obesity is defined as excessive fat ...accumulation which may impair health with non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke), and some cancers. Despite medical advances, cardiovascular complications are still the leading causes of death arising from obesity. Excessive fat accumulation is caused by the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. The pathogenesis of this process is complex and not fully understood, but current research is focused on the role of the complex crosstalk between the central nervous system (CNS), neuroendocrine and immune system including the autonomic nervous system, adipose tissue, digestive and cardiovascular systems. Additionally, special attention has been paid to newly discovered substances: neuropeptide 26RFa, preptin, and adropin. It was shown that the above peptides are synthesized both in numerous structures of the CNS and in many peripheral organs and tissues, such as the heart, adipose tissue, and the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, particular attention has been paid to the role of the presented peptides in the pathogenesis of obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular system diseases. This review summarizes the role of newly investigated peptides in the crosstalk between brain and peripheral organs in the pathogenesis of obesity, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases.
•Religious values and family upbringing influence food waste reduction intention.•Religious values and family upbringing reinforce personal motives and norms to reduce food waste.•Pro-social and ...pro-environmental motives influence personal norms towards food waste reduction.•Personal norms affect behavioural intention to avoid food waste.•The impact of religious values and family upbringing on food waste reduction intention correlates with gender and age.
Consumer intention to avoid food waste is determined by various socio-demographic and psychographic/psychological factors. While many of these factors have been well studied, some remain under-researched. This is the case for religious values and family upbringing that may represent strong antecedents of personal norms towards food waste avoidance. This study tests the role of these factors on a sample (n = 566) of consumers in Poland, a society with strong religious traditions and family ties. The results indicate that religious values play an important role in family upbringing which, by influencing personal social and environmental motives, mediates the effect on personal norms to avoid food waste. This suggests that religious leaders should be engaged in the design of food waste prevention campaigns specifically targeting parents. This is to trigger a cross-generational spillover effect whereby family morals on food waste avoidance are transferred from parents to children and reinforced by religious values.
Throughout their career, chefs develop practices for food waste mitigation, but little is known about how these practices occur and evolve. This study draws upon the social practice theory, social ...leaning theory and ecological systems theory to explore the lifelong experiences of food waste and its management among 44 chefs in England, Indonesia, Poland, and Russia. The study highlights the multiple environments in which chefs develop the practice of food waste management. The main points for intervention within a lifelong experience of chefs where they start recognising the significance of food waste and develop skills for its mitigation are identified. The study showcases family and senior chefs/supervisors as the key actors of learning who shape the meanings of food waste among chefs and provide them with competencies towards its management. The role of education providers in preparing chefs for dealing with food waste in professional kitchens is established as limited.
•Chefs develop the practice of food waste management throughout their lifelong experience and career.•Meanings of food waste management are mostly formed in childhood.•Competencies and materiality are mostly formed early in professional career.•Parents, senior chefs and supervisors are the key actors of learning.•Education providers play a limited role in shaping chefs’ food waste management practices.
Hotel administrations in emerging tourism markets do not invest in environmental conservation because of low confidence in that such investment will drive customer patronage. Empirical evidence is ...required to showcase what predicts patronage intentions towards ‘green’ hotels in emerging tourism markets. This evidence can encourage local hotel administrations to conserve the environment. This study augments theory of planned behaviour to explore predictors of customer patronage towards ‘green’ hotels in Poland, an emerging tourism market in East-Central Europe. Primary data are collected by the method of consumer survey (n = 376) and analysed by the method of structural equation modeling with partial least squares. The study identifies environmental knowledge and pro-environmental attitudes as strong predictors of patronage intentions. Knowledge of ‘green’ hotels has limited influence on patronage but strongly affects pro-environmental attitudes. Environmental concern significantly affects environmental knowledge but exerts limited effect on knowledge of ‘green’ hotels. Travel frequency does not influence patronage intentions, but tourist age and affluence do. Policy-making and management implications are discussed.
•Environmental knowledge and pro-environmental attitudes predict patronage intentions.•Knowledge of green hotels has limited influence on patronage intentions.•Knowledge of green hotels affects pro-environmental attitudes.•Environmental concern influences environmental knowledge but not knowledge of green hotels.•Correlation between tourists' age, wealth and patronage intentions.
This study presents the effect of the thermo-oxidative ageing conditions on the properties of polyoxymethylene copolymer (POM-C), acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS), and polycarbonate (PC). For ...this purpose, the process of accelerated aging of these materials was carried out for a period of 21 to 56 days at an elevated temperature of 140 °C. Then, the effect of this process on the thermal properties of these materials was determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Special attention was paid to the change in glass transition temperature. To determine the change in mechanical properties, a standard tensile test was performed. Additionally, the microstructure of the materials studied was analysed using a scanning electron microscope. Research carried out using DMA, DSC and tensile tests at different temperatures showed that generally in the case of POM-C there is no change in the material properties, however, a slight improvement can be noted. In the case of ABS, during the first 21 days of aging, there were large changes in all the material properties studied. For polycarbonate, the DMA analysis showed that there is no change in the glass transition temperature of both aged and unaged samples.
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