Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de tres fuentes de alimentación sanguínea: conejo Nueva Zelanda, rata egipcia y humana, sobre el número de huevos colocados por ovipuesta y porcentaje de eclosión ...de las larvas Aedes aegypti en condiciones de insectario. Material y Métodos: Grupo de mosquitos hembra Aedes aegypti con 1 día post-emergencia fueron alimentadas en condiciones de insectario con tres diferentes fuentes sanguíneas. Los grupos alimentados con conejo Nueva Zelanda y rata egipcia se expusieron de forma directa dentro de las jaulas de emergencia con los mosquitos; y en los grupos de mosquitos alimentados con la fuente sanguínea humana se utilizó una membrana artificial de algodón. Los datos fueron analizados con una prueba no paramétrica de Kruskal-wallis (p ≤ 0.05). Resultados: Se observó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el promedio de huevos colocados entre los tres grupos de hembras Aedes aegypti alimentados con diferentes fuentes sanguíneas: sangre de rata, 671.25 huevos; sangre humana, 268.14 huevos y sangre de conejo, 209.08 huevos (X2= 10.666, P < 0.0048); el porcentaje de larvas eclosionadas no presentó diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las tres fuentes sanguíneas (X2= 0.192, p < 0.9083). Conclusiones: En este estudió se observó que el uso de sangre de rata egipcia como fuente de alimentación sanguínea para la producción de mosquitos Aedes aegypti en condiciones de insectario produce un mayor número de huevos en la ovipostura comparado con la sangre de conejo y de humano.
Background & Aims: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by obesity, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis. Alterations in the gut microbiome play important roles in the development of ...MetS. However, the mechanisms by which this occurs are poorly understood. Dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) is an antimicrobial reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase expressed in the gut epithelium. Here, we posit that epithelial DUOX2 activity provides a mechanistic link between the gut microbiome and the development of MetS. Methods: Mice carrying an intestinal epithelial-specific deletion of dual oxidase maturation factor 1/2 (DA IEC-KO), and wild-type littermates were fed a standard diet and killed at 24 weeks. Metabolic alterations were determined by glucose tolerance, lipid tests, and body and organ weight measurements. DUOX2 activity was determined by Amplex Red. Intestinal permeability was determined by fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran, microbial translocation assessments, and portal vein lipopolysaccharide measurements. Metagenomic analysis of the stool microbiome was performed. The role of the microbiome was assessed in antibiotic-treated mice. Results: DA IEC-KO males showed increased body and organ weights accompanied by glucose intolerance and increased plasma lipid and liver enzyme levels, and increased adiposity in the liver and adipose tissue. Expression of F4/80, CD68, uncoupling protein 1, carbohydrate response element binding protein, leptin, and adiponectin was altered in the liver and adipose tissue of DA IEC-KO males. DA IEC-KO males produced less epithelial H2O2, had altered relative abundance of Akkermansiaceae and Lachnospiraceae in stool, and showed increased portal vein lipopolysaccharides and intestinal permeability. Females were protected from barrier defects and MetS, despite producing less H2O2. Antibiotic depletion abrogated all MetS phenotypes observed. Conclusions: Intestinal epithelial inactivity of DUOX2 promotes MetS in a microbiome-dependent manner.
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