Este estudo analisa o modo como a permanência de docentes da rede pública é afetada pelo entrincheiramento nas três dimensões, de Carson, Carson e Bedeian (1995). Para tanto, buscou-se, inicialmente, ...compreender a trajetória dos docentes por meio de sua inserção na carreira, para assim investigar como os investimentos realizados pelo professor provocam a sua permanência no ofício, identificar aspectos emocionais que podem estar relacionados a essa permanência e analisar as possíveis opções de permanência na profissão docente. Esta pesquisa é caracterizada como qualitativa e descritiva, realizada mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 docentes da rede básica de ensino do Estado do Ceará, Brasil. Os resultados apontam que a inserção se deu, principalmente, por meio da familiaridade com a disciplina escolhida e do sentimento de vocação com o trabalho desenvolvido na docência, mas que muitas vezes era permeado pela facilidade do ingresso no curso de licenciatura; o investimento mais significativo que os faz manterem-se no caminho docente é a segurança proporcionada pelo fato de ocuparem um cargo público. Os aspectos emocionais positivos foram os que mais se destacaram, como a possibilidade de transformar a vida dos discentes, sobrepondo-se, inclusive, às situações negativas vivenciadas em sala de aula. Por fim, percebeu-se que os professores vislumbram várias opções de evolução profissional na docência e que, caso deixassem de lecionar, as motivações estariam relacionadas aspecto financeiro e a reformas no ensino provenientes de decisões político-educacionais.
The present study aims to analyze how the permanence of teachers within public education is affected by entrenchment, according to the three dimensions of Carson, Carson, and Bedeian (1995). We ...describe the trajectory of teachers through their occupational embeddedness; investigate how the investments in the career made by the teacher help him or her to remain in the career; identify emotional aspects that may be related to career permanence; and analyze the possible alternatives of permanence in the teaching career. This research is characterized as qualitative and descriptive, conducted through semi-structured interviews with 15 teachers from basic education in the State of Ceará, Brazil. The results indicate that occupational embeddedness mainly stemmed from familiarity with the chosen discipline and the sense of vocation with the teaching work; the most significant investment that keeps individuals in the teaching profession is the security of holding a public office; the positive emotional aspect that stood out the most was the possibility of transforming the lives of the students, irrespective of negative situations experienced in the classroom. Finally, it was possible to conclude that teachers perceive several career alternatives within teaching and that, if they stopped teaching, it related to financial issues or educational reforms coming from political decisions.
Analysis of Family Clinical, vision of service nurses Raimundi, Daniele Merisio; Ferreira, Francieli Furtado; Lima, Fernanda Cristina Aguiar ...
Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P,
06/2016, Volume:
50 Spec, Issue:
spe
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
to know the practice of the Family Clinic in Cuiaba and its relationship with the precepts of the expanded clinic, from the perspective of the service nurses.
qualitative descriptive research, data ...collection with semi-structured interviews and results analyzed according to the method of thematic content analysis.
for nurses working in the service, this assumes a differentiated and innovative proposal, which seeks to correlate with shared management in its three spheres. Although most do not know the Enlarged Clinic term in his speech cited its main principles and its tools. The greatest potential described were related to the Support Center for Health and popular participation, and as challenges, the lack of community health worker, the national health establishment registration and the difficulty of operation due to the profile of the professionals technical level arising from secondary care.
The clinic has positive aspects that can contribute to the advancement of the profession, to train health professionals and an innovative primary care model. Therefore, it emphasizes the need for implementation of continuing education in order to realize its proposal, and further studies on site.
conhecer a prática da Clínica da Família em Cuiabá e sua relação com os preceitos da clínica ampliada, sob a perspectiva dos enfermeiros do serviço.
pesquisa descritiva qualitativa, coleta de dados com entrevista semi-estruturada e resultados analisados segundo o método de análise de conteúdo do tipo temática.
para os enfermeiros atuantes no serviço, este assume uma proposta diferenciada e inovadora, no qual busca se correlacionar com a gestão compartilhada em suas três esferas. Apesar de a maioria não conhecer o termo Clínica Ampliada em suas falas citaram seus principais preceitos e suas ferramentas. As maiores potencialidades descritas foram a relação com o Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família e a participação popular, e como desafios, a falta de agente comunitário de saúde, do cadastro nacional de estabelecimento de saúde e a dificuldade de atuação devido ao perfil dos profissionais de nível técnico advindos da atenção secundária.
a clínica possui aspectos positivos que podem contribuir para o progresso da profissão, para a formação de profissionais da saúde e para um modelo de assistência de nível primário inovador. Logo, enfatiza-se a necessidade de implantação da educação permanente com o objetivo de concretizar sua proposta, além de estudos posteriores no local.
Political, economic, and epidemiological changes in Brazil have affected health and the health system. We used the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016) results to understand changing health ...patterns and inform policy responses.
We analysed GBD 2016 estimates for life expectancy at birth (LE), healthy life expectancy (HALE), all-cause and cause-specific mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and risk factors for Brazil, its 26 states, and the Federal District from 1990 to 2016, and compared these with national estimates for ten comparator countries.
Nationally, LE increased from 68·4 years (95% uncertainty interval UI 68·0–68·9) in 1990 to 75·2 years (74·7–75·7) in 2016, and HALE increased from 59·8 years (57·1–62·1) to 65·5 years (62·5–68·0). All-cause age-standardised mortality rates decreased by 34·0% (33·4–34·5), while all-cause age-standardised DALY rates decreased by 30·2% (27·7–32·8); the magnitude of declines varied among states. In 2016, ischaemic heart disease was the leading cause of age-standardised YLLs, followed by interpersonal violence. Low back and neck pain, sense organ diseases, and skin diseases were the main causes of YLDs in 1990 and 2016. Leading risk factors contributing to DALYs in 2016 were alcohol and drug use, high blood pressure, and high body-mass index.
Health improved from 1990 to 2016, but improvements and disease burden varied between states. An epidemiological transition towards non-communicable diseases and related risks occurred nationally, but later in some states, while interpersonal violence grew as a health concern. Policy makers can use these results to address health disparities.
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Brazilian Ministry of Health.
Chitosan films entrapped with the
fraction (CMHF) was developed as a new dressing for wound care. The chromatographic profile of the
fraction (MHF) was evaluated by ultra-high-performance liquid ...chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and the results showed that MHF is rich in acid triterpenes. Physicochemical characterization of the films prepared using the solvent casting method was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DCS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and mechanical properties. CMHF exhibited characteristic bands of both chitosan and MHF, revealing a physical mixture of both. CMHF presented an amorphous nature, thermostability, and dispersion of MHF in the chitosan matrix, resulting in a rough structure. Incorporation of
fraction into chitosan matrix favorably enhanced the mechanical performance and films thickness. The in vivo wound treatment with CMHF for seven days showed a characteristic area of advanced healing, re-epithelization, cell proliferation, and collagen formation. Furthermore, wound closure reached 100% contraction after 10 days of treatment with modulation of interleukins. The incorporation of
fraction into chitosan films was advantageous and showed great potential for stimulating wound repair and regeneration.
Ascaris lumbricoides
and
Ascaris suum
are described as helminths that infect humans and pigs, respectively. It is estimated that infection by
A. lumbricoides
affects about 447 million individuals ...living in tropical regions of developing countries. However, there is an increasing number of cases of human ascariasis in countries with no recent history of autochthonous infection by
A. lumbricoides
. In these places, pigs have been incriminated as the main source of human infection. Conventional parasitological diagnosis does not allow species-specific identification, and the real epidemiological scenario of human and swine ascariasis is still uncertain. Therefore, this work presents the application of a species-specific molecular diagnosis, based on the allele-specific PCR methodology (AS-PCR), using the Internal Transcript Space 1 (ITS-1) of the ribosomal DNA, as a target for differentiating between the two species, using DNA obtained from eggs. To validate the methodology, stool samples positive for
Ascaris
spp, were obtained from 68 humans from seven Brazilian states and from six pigs from the state of Minas Gerais. All samples obtained from humans were genotyped as
A. lumbricoides
and all samples obtained from swine were genotyped as
A. suum
. These results are in agreement with the literature, which demonstrates that in most endemic regions, transmission cycles are separate. Therefore, the execution of this work allowed the availability of a useful methodology for the differential diagnosis of the species, which may contribute to the characterization of the real epidemiological profile of human and swine ascariasis, and to the implementation of future control strategies.
Benzoyltryptamine analogues act as neuroprotective and spasmolytic agents on smooth muscles. In this study, we investigated the ability of
-salicyloyltryptamine (STP) to produce vasorelaxation and ...determined its underlying mechanisms of action. Isolated rat mesenteric arteries with and without functional endothelium were studied in an isometric contraction system in the presence or absence of pharmacological inhibitors. Amperometric experiments were used to measure the nitric oxide (NO) levels in CD31+ cells using flow cytometry. GH3 cells were used to measure Ca
currents using the whole cell patch clamp technique. STP caused endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation in mesenteric rings. The endothelial-dependent relaxations in response to STP were markedly reduced by L-NAME (endothelial NO synthase-eNOS-inhibitor), jHydroxocobalamin (NO scavenger, 30 µM) and ODQ (soluble Guanylyl Cyclase-sGC-inhibitor, 10 µM), but were not affected by the inhibition of the formation of vasoactive prostanoids. These results were reinforced by the increased NO levels observed in the amperometric experiments with freshly dispersed CD31+ cells. The endothelium-independent effect appeared to involve the inhibition of voltage-gated Ca
channels, due to the inhibition of the concentration-response Ca
curves in depolarizing solution, the increased relaxation in rings that were pre-incubated with high extracellular KCl (80 mM), and the inhibition of macroscopic Ca
currents. The present findings show that the activation of the NO/sGC/cGMP pathway and the inhibition of gated-voltage Ca
channels are the mechanisms underlying the effect of STP on mesenteric arteries.
The objective to evaluate the effects of magnesium supplementation in the water of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) on physiological variables and egg quality with the birds kept in a ...thermoneutral environment and under thermal stress. Three hundred ninety-four (394) quails were used, distributed in a completely randomized 2×4 factorial design (2 temperatures: 24 and 32ºC, and 4 levels of magnesium: 50, 150, 250 and 350 mg L-1), with six replicates and eight birds per experimental unit. The respiratory rate (P<.0001), head temperature (P<.0001), wing temperature (P<.0001), foot temperature (P<.0001), back temperature (P<.0001), body surface temperature (P<.0001) and average body temperature (P<.0001) showed significant differences between the temperatures tested. With the exception of head temperature (P=0.0045), the other variables did not change their values with the increase in the level of magnesium in the water. Egg mass showed a significant difference (P=0.0072) as a function of the level of mannesium in the water. The temperature of the head was higher in birds consuming water with higher levels of magnesium, causing an increase in respiratory rate, and head, wing, foot, back, average surface and body temperatures in birds under thermal stress.
PDF
