Lithological mapping is a critical aspect of geological mapping that can be useful in studying the mineralization potential of a region and has implications for mineral prospectivity mapping. This is ...a challenging task if performed manually, particularly in highly remote areas that require a large number of participants and resources. The combination of machine learning (ML) methods and remote sensing data can provide a quick, low-cost, and accurate approach for mapping lithological units. This study used deep learning via convolutional neural networks and conventional ML methods involving support vector machines and multilayer perceptron to map lithological units of a mineral-rich area in the southeast of Iran. Moreover, we used and compared the efficiency of three different types of multispectral remote-sensing data, including Landsat 8 operational land imager (OLI), advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER), and Sentinel-2. The results show that CNNs and conventional ML methods effectively use the respective remote-sensing data in generating an accurate lithological map of the study area. However, the combination of CNNs and ASTER data provides the best performance and the highest accuracy and adaptability with field observations and laboratory analysis results so that almost all the test data are predicted correctly. The framework proposed in this study can be helpful for exploration geologists to create accurate lithological maps in other regions by using various remote-sensing data at a low cost.
Technology entrepreneurs continuously search for tools to accelerate the internationalization of their startups. For the purpose of internationalizing rapidly from inception, we propose that ...technology startups use crowdsourcing to internalize the tacit knowledge embodied in members of a crowd distributed across various geographies. For example, a technology startup can outsource to a large crowd the definition of a customer problem that occurs across various geographies, the development of the best solution to the problem, and the identification of attractive business expansion opportunities. In this article, we analyze how three small firms use crowdsourcing, discuss the benefits of crowdsourcing, and offer six recommendations to technology entrepreneurs interested in using crowdsourcing to rapidly internationalize their startups from inception.
Technology entrepreneurs continuously search for tools to accelerate the internationalization of their startups. For the purpose of internationalizing rapidly from inception, we propose that ...technology startups use crowdsourcing to internalize the tacit knowledge embodied in members of a crowd distributed across various geographies. For example, a technology startup can outsource to a large crowd the definition of a customer problem that occurs across various geographies, the development of the best solution to the problem, and the identification of attractive business expansion opportunities. In this article, we analyze how three small firms use crowdsourcing, discuss the benefits of crowdsourcing, and offer six recommendations to technology entrepreneurs interested in using crowdsourcing to rapidly internationalize their startups from inception.
In this study, 11 designs with sand-to-cement ratios of 4.5, 4.75, 5, 5.25, 5.5, 5.75, 6, 6.25, 6.5, 6.75, and 7 were used to investigate the impact of increasing the sand-to-cement ratio in reactive ...powder concrete. Laboratory results indicate a decrease in compressive and bending strength, following an increase in the ratio of sand to cement. Sample S7 with the highest ratio of sand to cement has the lowest bending strength and compressive strength at the ages of 1, 7, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days.In the second process, 1 % polymer resin was added to the sand-to-cement ratio from the first step. By analyzing the results, it was observed that the addition of 1 % of polymer resin causes a decrease of 40.8 % in compressive strength at the age of 1 day. The biggest one-day pressure drop is S6.75 with a drop of 68.1 %. As the samples age, adding 1 % of polymer resin increases the compressive strength at 11 sand-cement ratios, so that the 90-day compressive strength of the S4.75 sample reaches 59.7 MPa. The addition of 1 % polymer resin also increased the bending strength by 9.1 %. After examining the results of the first and second steps of the study, the sand to cement ratios of 5.5, 6, 6.25, 6.5 and 7 were selected as optimal and suitable samples. In the third step of the study, coarse aggregate with percentages of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 was added to the selected samples. The results showed that the addition of coarse aggregate caused a decrease of 41.1 % in the compressive strength of reactive powder concrete at the age of 1 day, compared to the control sample. In the third step, the maximum compressive strength at the ages of 28, 42, 56 and 90 days for sand-cement ratios of 5.5, 6, 6.25, 6.5 and 7 corresponds to the sample containing 50 % of coarse aggregate. The best samples of the third step in flexural strength are those with 50 % gravel, which increases flexural strength with increasing sand-cement ratio. On the other hand, with the addition of coarse aggregate, an increase in flexural strength was observed compared to the control sample of reactive powder concrete. In the fourth step of the study, 1 % of polymer resin was added to the samples of the third step. The results of this step show that, like the third step, the maximum compressive strength of the ages of 28, 42, 56 and 90 days for the sand-cement ratios of 5.5, 6, 6.25, 6.5 and 7 for the sample with 50 % coarse aggregate. In the fourth step, by increasing the ratio of sand to cement, samples with a lower percentage of sand have higher bending strength.
Acquaintance with the behavior of children in dental office setting is highly important in treatment success. People with different blood groups often have different behaviors. Thus, the blood group ...may aid in prediction of behavior of pediatric dental patients. This study is aimed at assessing the relationship of the blood group with level of cooperation of pediatric dental patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 children between 4 and 6 years of age. The blood group of children was recorded according to their identification card or by collecting an intraoral blood sample during pulpotomy and using the respective kit. To assess the level of cooperation of children, their behavior was videotaped during the procedure, and the videos were assessed by two pedodontists. The behavior of children was scored according to the Venham scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS 26 and Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and Mann–Whitney U test. The blood group was A in 35.7%, B in 5.8%, AB in 3.2%, and O in 53.5%. Children with blood group O had maximum cooperation (52.6) while those with blood group B had minimum cooperation. Pairwise comparisons of the groups regarding the Venham scale revealed significant differences between blood groups A and B (P=0.0001) and also B and O (P=0.005). Pairwise comparisons of the groups regarding the level of cooperation also revealed significant differences between blood groups A and B (P=0.0001) and B and O (P=0.019). Blood group B may be correlated with certain behavioral traits such as dental fear and anxiety and the resultant poor cooperation.
Ras Proteins, play a pivotal role in the proliferation pathways, and Ras mutant forms are well-established cancer drivers. Ras mutations are found in about 30% of all human cancers widely known as ...challenging diseases to control and treat. The direct inhibition of Ras is challenging and makes Ras an “undruggable” target for many years. The important reason is, that Ras protein has a unique smooth surface and shows different dynamicity upon binding GDP and GTP. As a result, interfering peptides (IPs) targeting the Ras family protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are considered more likely to bind Ras effectively and inhibit the downstream signaling. In this review, we aimed to cover the recent approaches to design the peptides that target Ras family proteins, focusing on
in silico
methods. In this regard, the anti-cancer peptide development approaches including design and delivery strategies are discussed. Later, more specific methods regarding Ras-specific peptide design are presented. In conclusion, IPs are a promising group of cancer therapeutics to combat Ras mutant cancers. For future perspectives to have these peptides in clinical use, co-inhibition of other cancer targets as well as improving the pharmacokinetic features of peptides are suggested.
Ras proteins are considered as one of the most critical cancer initiators. Mutations of this protein family lead to the continuous activation of the proliferation pathways. Therefore, many efforts ...have been taken to design the anti-mutant Ras drug candidates. Regardless of the development of promising inhibitors of Ras G12C mutant in a specific cancer type, there is no approved inhibitor of Ras mutants in the clinic. One of the significant limitations is to inhibit particular mutants and not to affect the wild-type Ras variants. Here we present a review on the mechanism of action of the Ras proteins to get a better insight into the strategies utilized to inhibit Ras-mutated cancers. The direct Ras inhibition strategies are then highlighted to obtain a better perspective of possible promising approaches to target Ras proteins in cancer therapy.
Background: Control of bleeding during dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery is of particular importance and controlling the bodychr('39')s hemodynamic responses to stress effectively reduces the ...amount of bleeding during surgery and improves the surgical area. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of two-drug combinations Labetalol-Hydralazine and Labetalol-Trinitroglycerin on hemodynamic factors during dacryocystorhinostomy surgery. Methods: The present study is a double-blind randomized clinical trial that was performed on 71 patients who were candidates for dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery. Patients enrolled in the study using computerized randomization software (Random allocation software).they were divided into two groups. The study was conducted from September 2016 to September 2017 in Isfahan. The amount of bleeding, the cardiovascular response of patients during and after surgery, the degree of satisfaction of the surgeon and the patient, the severity of pain, and the occurrence of nausea and vomiting were assessed, collected and analyzed. Results: Between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics there was no significant difference. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) during surgery and the time of staying in the recovery room (P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of bleeding volume, surgeon and patient satisfaction (P=0.73), frequency of vomiting, length of stay in recovery (P=0.57), the severity of nausea (P=0.38), pain (P=0.33) and rebleeding in recovery (P=0/75). Conclusion: The results of the present study show that the use of labetalol with hydralazine in comparison with labetalol with trinitroglycerin has similar results in terms of hemodynamic factors as well as bleeding volume and surgeon and patient satisfaction criteria. Therefore, both of these compounds can be used to reduce bleeding and control vital signs during and after dacryocystorhinostomy surgery.
Background and Aims
Diabetes can lead to multiple complications that can reduce the quality of life, impose additional costs on the healthcare systems and ultimately lead to premature death. Proper ...self‐care in diabetic patients can impede or delay the onset of diabetes complications. This study aimed to investigate diabetes complications and their association with diet knowledge, skills, and self‐care barriers.
Methods
This was a cross‐sectional study. A total of 1139 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) referring to health centers in Tabriz, Iran, were included from January to July 2019. Data were collected using two questionnaires: (1) a sociodemographic questionnaire and (2) a Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (PDQ). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. χ2 test was used to examine the association between the socioeconomic and disease‐related variables and the prevalence of diabetes complications. T‐test was used to examine the association between diet knowledge and skills, self‐care barriers, and the incidence of diabetes complications.
Results
In this study, 76.1% of patients had at least one complication, and 30.2% had a history of hospitalization due to diabetes complications during the past year. Approximately 49% and 43% were diagnosed with high blood pressure and hyperlipidemia, respectively. Cardiovascular disease was the most common diabetes complication (15.9%) and the cause of hospitalization (11.01%) in patients with diabetes. Barriers to diet adherence, blood glucose monitoring, and exercise were significantly associated with self‐reported diabetes complications (p < 0.001). Our results showed no significant association between the number of complications and diet knowledge and skills (p = 0.44).
Conclusion
This study indicated that the prevalence of diabetes complications was higher among patients with more barriers to self‐care. In light of these findings, taking appropriate measures to reduce barriers to self‐care can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes complications.
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