The secular social contract as the basis of democracy gives birth to policies and laws that are far from religious principles and norms. For example, the legalisation of same-sex marriage and the ...legalisation of prostitution in most Western countries. This is certainly not in line with Islamic values and needs Islamisation. For this reason, this article aims to explain al-Attas' idea of Islamisation and social contract theory as an example, in order to become an alternative way of Islamic politics. Through literature research with a content analysis approach, it can be concluded that first, the Western social contract is based on an anthropocentric and secular paradigm. Second, the agreement between people with the general will becomes the determinant of policy, third, there is a need for Islamisation of social contract theory with the concept of bai'ah which has a theocentric or tawhidi paradigm, as an alternative way of Islamic politics
The Dialectics of Text and Context in the Hadith Understanding Framework The position of the Prophet Muhammad as a human being on the one hand and also as a messenger who received revelations has ...become an important concern among ‘Ulama and Muslim scholars in understanding his hadiths. For those who see him from the human side, an understanding that is too contextual will emerge and lead to the loss of the sacredness of hadith. On the other hand, for those who put forward the Prophet side, it creates an understanding that is too textual untill leading to be more rigid and irrelevant to apply. This study is as a framework in understanding hadith proportionally, when to be textual and when to be contextual. Through a literature study with a descriptive-analytical approach, there some conclusions are derived from this study. Firstly, too contextual understanding of hadith tends to be practiced by liberals, while too textual understanding tends to be practiced by Zhahiriyah school. Secondly, there needs to be a clear separating line between hadith tasyri' and ghairu tasyri' so as not to fall into a contextual or textual understanding only. Thirdly, there must be limitations related to contextual and textual understanding. In regards to the boundaries that should not be influenced by the context, six categories are presented, namely, matters of faith, basic acts of worship, legal foundations, morals, sunnatullah, and special characteristics of the Prophet Muhammad. Meanwhile, there are four categories of text boundaries that can be changed, namely, branches of worship, the prophet's orders regarding the leader's policies, what comes from the prophet in the form of research or custom, and the acts of the prophet in the form of human habits.
This paper explores Abdurrauf al-Sinkili's (1615-1693) concept of Insan Kamil in light of contemporary moral problems. The study of Insan Kamil raises human awareness about the essence of his ...identity as a servant of God, is crucial. It is even more so at a time when secular values and worldviews eliminate religion and God by making utilitarianism, pragmatism, materialism, and hedonism the moral foundation of humanity. Therefore, serious efforts are needed to resolve this moral quandary. The concept of Insan Kamil of Abdurrauf al-Sinkili, a vibrant Indonesian intellectual well-known in several scholarly fields, discusses the meaning, purpose, and nature of human life and can be employed as an antidote to the present crisis. This library research drew on a wide range of authoritative sources utilizing documentary techniques to collect the data and employing content analysis methods to address the issues. This paper concludes that the concept of al-Sinkili's Insan Kamil can be an antidote to today's moral dilemma, particularly regarding human attitudes that adhere to utilitarianism, materialism, pragmatism, and hedonism way of life. This finding demonstrates that the Insan Kamil concept is a viable answer to the current moral predicament.
Peneleitian ini bertujuan memaparkan konsep Insan Kamil Abdurrauf al-Sinkili dalam kaitannya dengan problematika moral kontemporer. Kajian tentang Insan Kamil yang membangun kesadaran manusia tentang hakikat jati dirinya sebagai hamba Tuhan menjadi sangat penting. Terlebih lagi jika hal ini dikaitkan dengan hegemoni nilai-nilai dan worldview sekular yang mengeliminasi agama dan Tuhan karena utilitarianisme, pragmatisme, materialisme, dan hedonisme dijadikan sebagai landasan moral kemanusiaan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya yang serius untuk mengatasi dilema ini. Konsep Insan Kamil Abdurraurf al-Sinkili, seorang intelektual Indonesia yang dinamis dan kenamaan di beberapa bidang keilmuan, yang membahas tentang makna, tujuan, dan hakikat hidup manusia dapat digunakan sebagai penangkal krisis ini. Artikel ini adalah riset kepustakaan yang menggunakan teknik dokumenter untuk menghimpun data dari berbagai sumber otoritatif berupa buku, artikel, dan berbagai bahan penerbitan lainnya. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis konten. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa konsep Insan Kamil al-Sinkili dapat dijadikan sebagai jawaban untuk mengatasi krisis moral manusia modern dewasa ini, khususnya dalam menangani sikap manusia yang menjadikan utilitarianisme, materialisme, pragmatisme, dan hedonisme sebagai pandangan hidup. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep Insan Kamil adalah penawar unggul bagi krisis moral manusia modern saat ini.
The current era of globalization and westernization poses a real threat to the existence of regional languages, one of which is manifested in the single market program agreed upon by ASEAN countries. ...In line with that, the study of language philosophy has a very important role in cultural preservation, especially regional languages. This article discusses the views of Mudjia Rahardjo, an Indonesian linguist and philosopher, regarding the philosophy of language and efforts to preserve regional languages with the aim of finding a harmonious correlation between the study of the philosophy of language and efforts to preserve regional languages. Through the content analysis method with data sources from the Philosophy of Language lecture material delivered by Mudjia Rahardjo in the Postgraduate class at Darussalam Gontor Ponorogo University. Based on the content analysis of the lecture material on the philosophy of language delivered by Mudjia Rahardjo, the author concludes that there are several correlations that are compatible between the study of the philosophy of language and efforts to preserve the local language. 3. Philosophy of language can provide a philosophical basis for efforts to preserve regional languages
AbstractThe development of science continues to experience a revolution at all times. The era of logical positivism began with the criteria of observable, repeatable, measurable, testable and ...predictable science. This criterion has implications for the division of meaningfull and meaningless arguments. This was later criticized by Karl R Popper and Thomas Kuhn with the elimination error and paradigm shift. This article attempts to unravel the elimination error and paradigm shift in the development of science with library research using a descriptive analysis approach, it was found that not all general theories can be proven true through verification where the process of developing science is by eliminating the possibility of errors or errors and the development of science applies. through the so-called scientific paradigm. Keywords: Logical Positivism, Verification, Elimination, Paradigm AbstrakPerkembangan ilmu pengetahuan terus mengalami revolusi pada setiap masa. Di awali era positivisme logis dengan kriteria ilmu pengetahuan observable, repeatebale, measurable, testable dan predictable. Kriteria ini berimplikasi pada pembagian argument meaningfull dan meaningless. Hal ini yang kemudian dikritik oleh Karl R Popper dan Thomas Kuhn dengan eror elimination dan pergeseran paradigma. Artikel ini berusaha mengurai eror elimination dan pergeseran paradigma dalam perkembagan ilmu pengetahuan dengan penelitian library research menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analisis, ditemukan bahwa tidak semua teori umum dapat dibuktikan kebenaranya melalui verifikasi dimana proses pengembangan ilmu adalah dengan jalan eliminasi terhadap kemungkinan kekeliruan atau kesalahan dan perkembangan sains berlaku melalui apa yang disebut paradigma ilmu. Kata Kunci: Positivisme Logis, Verifikasi, Eliminasi, Paradigma
This article focuses on analyzing Orientalist arguments against hadith in the phase of Western skepticism. In this study, hadith is the subject and the main basis of discussion. The progress of ...Islamic civilization in the past has been an attraction for orientalists in studying Islam to subjugate Islamic civilization. This made hadith one of the targets of the orientalists' studies since it is one of the sources of Islamic epistemology. The skepticism of the early generation of orientalists claimed that hadith is a collection of anecdotes. This description will be explained using the library research method, focusing on the argumentation of orientalists in the phase of Western skepticism. The author analyses the data using content analysis. The author finds that there is a misunderstanding in the argumentation of the early generation of orientalists, and the argumentation is weak in terms of methodological and historical truth.
This study aims to explore the epistemological construct of Sufism according to Sa’id Nursi in the contemporary era. Sufism is seen as having deviant concepts and practices contrary to Shari’a in the ...modern era. Some muslim and non-muslim thinkers argue that Sufism does not originate from Islam. Therefore, there needs to be an effort to decipher this misunderstanding by exposing how Sufism's epistemology was genuinely constructed by referring to the teachings and practices of a contemporary Sufi, Sa'id Nursi. This study is qualitative library research. Data in this study, both primary and secondary, were collected using documentary techniques. The collected data were analyzed utilizing the content analysis method. This work finds that Nursi outlines four pillars of Sufism epistemology. First, true Sufism is based on the Qur'an and Sunnah, internalized and manifested through the soul and heart, as is the view of the authoritative Sufis. Second, purification of the teachings and practices of Sufism must depart from the purgation of the heart and soul. Third, social equality refers to carrying out life’s values, meaning that all are equal before Allah SWT. Fourth, consistently instill the Qur’an’s four values: tauhid (unity and oneness of God), nubuwah (prophecy), hashr (resurrection), and 'adl (justice).
FRAME WORK PENAFSIRAN AYAT-AYAT ASTRONOMI Rahman, Ryan Arief; Azizi, Imdad Fahmi; Hidayat, Muhammad Sofian ...
Ushuluna: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin,
12/2022, Volume:
8, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Kemajuan ilmu pengetahauan turut mempengaruhi perkembangan penafsiran Al-Qur’an. Namun hal ini memunculkan dilematis dimana begitu mudahnya ilmuwan muslim menafsirkan Al-Quran dari sudut pandangnya ...terkhusus tentang astronomi. Hal ini yang kemudian perlu dijelaskan bahwa penafsiran Al-Quran memiliki syarat dan ketentuan dalam tafsir terutama tentang ayat-ayat astronomi. Artikel ini mencoba menguraikan frame work penafsiran ayat-ayat astronomi dengan menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan atau library research dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-analisis. Ditemukan bahwa penafsiran ayat astronomi di dalam Al-Quran harus berangkat dari penafsiran ma’thur. Terutama yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan modern harus memperhatikan bahwa sebuah penafsiran harus berangkat dari penafsiran secara ma’thur (naqly), kemudian penafsiran (penakwilan) secara ijtihadi (‘aqly).
Measuring and assessing physical activity is essential to determine the quality of certain activity toward human health. This study is to test the combination of Global Positioning System (GPS) with ...heart rate monitor and accelerometer in determining levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity among university students during their own capability in limited time. 10 male university students (age: 20.7years± 0.82SD) participate in this pilot study. Two different jogging courses used in this physical activity study. Participants were asked to wear GPS watch with chest-strapped heart rate monitor and accelerometer before starting their activity. They were then were asked to exercise (stretching, slow jogging, brisk walking and running) freely according to their own capability in 90minutes. Data gathered from the devices are process and analyze in specific software. A minimum of 153 kCal used in this 90minutes activity and maximum used energy is 263.64 kCal. The respondent's movement during exercise from GPS were able to be map and viewed graphically for better analysis. Results suggested, these two devices can be combined to objectively assess physical activity.
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