Nowadays, tourism is a phenomenon and every state or continent is trying to offer the most attractive. Transport and related services are currently a key factor in the development and functioning of ...international tourism. Road transport is the most widespread transport worldwide. Development traffic studies report just under 1 billion motor vehicles in use worldwide today, 1.6 billion in 2020, and 2 billions by 2030. This article deals with the issue of traffic safety sustainability in road tunnels. It describes possible major emergencies that may occur in road tunnel traffic. Based on the analysis of statistical data from the Czech Republic, which deal with major emergencies in the past 13 years, causes of these emergencies, and findings from the screening exercises of the Integrated Rescue System units, measures are proposed to reduce the negative impacts of major emergencies and to improve crisis management, all with an emphasis on the safety of persons and property. The strategic goal is to reduce the number of casualties and the seriously injured in the Czech Republic to the average level of other EU countries. Based on the survey done in lessons to be learnt from training of Rescue System in the Czech Republic are presented.
The content of this article is a paper about a complex mathematical model of terrain passability which respects geographical and meteorological conditions in terrain and about its adaptation for ...calculation in the environment of geo-information systems (GIS). The model of terrain passability is based on measurable factors that characterize the natural environment, which is possible to calculate from the data saved in GIS databases. When calculating parameters for a complex model, it is necessary to consider data quality which influences the level of vagueness of the resulting calculations. To express this level of vagueness, a method of fuzzy functions was chosen and then it was applied when calculating the individual deceleration coefficients given by the natural factors. The method of cost map was chosen for the final evaluation of possibilities of vehicles movement. The complete procedure was debugged in the environment of ArcGIS 10.
Topological hypergroupoids Hošková-Mayerová, Šárka
Computers & mathematics with applications,
November 2012, 2012-11-00, 20121101, Volume:
64, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Hypergroups are generalizations of groups. If this binary operation is taken to be multivalued, then we arrive at a hypergroup. The motivation for generalization of the notion of group resulted ...naturally from various problems in non-commutative algebra, another motivation for such an investigation came from geometry. In various branches of mathematics we encounter important examples of topologico-algebraical structures like topological groupoids, groups, rings, fields etc. In this contribution various kinds of continuity of hyperoperations will be introduced, namely pseudocontinuous, strongly pseudocontinuous and continuous hyperoperations. Further, the relationship between them is studied. Our aim is to generalize the concept of topological groupoid to topological hypergroupoid.
Cartography and geoinformatics are technical-based fields which deal with modelling and visualization of landscape in the form of a map. The theoretical foundation is necessary to obtain during study ...of cartography and geoinformatics based mainly on mathematics. For the given subjects, mathematics is necessary for understanding of many procedures that are connected to modelling of the Earth as a celestial body, to ways of its projection into a plane, to methods and procedures of modelling of landscape and phenomena in society and visualization of these models in the form of electronic as well as classic paper maps. Not only general mathematics, but also its extension of differential geometry of curves and surfaces, ways of approximation of lines and surfaces of functional surfaces, mathematical statistics and multi-criterial analyses seem to be suitable and necessary. Underestimation of the significance of mathematical education in cartography and geoinformatics is inappropriate and lowers competence of cartographers and professionals in geographic information science and technology to solve problems.
This survey is focussed on distance learning studies, where there can be met a lot of technical obstacles, which creates complications in decision making. To get an ideal solution for these kinds of ...problems, the Fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarities to Ideal Solution) is one of the best solutions. Therefore, this paper presents the distance learning quality assessment surveys when the Fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and TOPSIS methods are used. Research results describe the application of the Fuzzy AHP—TOPSIS hybrid method. MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision Making) programs with MATLAB (R2020b) mathematical package were written to calculate the evaluation results for three distance learning courses. In the practical implementation of the proposed distance learning module evaluation methodology, the experts’ evaluation method was applied. Thirty-four judges were chosen with specific knowledge and skills and with very different competencies to assess three alternatives by fourteen criteria. Following the experts’ evaluation, a statistical analysis method was used to process the data. After applying the complex evaluation, the comparative analysis method was used to summarize the obtained results. This work further provides useful guidelines for the development of an easily understandable hierarchy of criteria model that reflects the main goal of study quality assessment.
Many real-life problems are well represented only by sets which allow repetition(s), such as the multiset. Although not limited to the following, such cases may arise in a database query, chemical ...structures and computer programming. The set of roots of a polynomial, say f ( x ) , has been found to correspond to a multiset, say F. If f ( x ) and g ( x ) are polynomials whose sets of roots respectively correspond to the multisets F ( x ) and G ( x ) , the set of roots of their product, f ( x ) g ( x ) , corresponds to the multiset F ⊎ G , which is the sum of multisets F and G. In this paper, some properties of the algebraic sum of multisets ⊎ and some results on selection are established. Also, the count function of the image of any function on Dedekind multisets is defined and some of its properties are established. Some applications of these multisets are also given.
Knowing the applications of logical algebras in various fields, such as artificial intelligence or coding theory, in this paper, we study some properties of a special class of such algebras, namely ...finite Wajsberg algebras. For this purpose, we give a representation theorem for finite Wajsberg algebras and give a formula for the number of non-isomorphic Wajsberg algebras of order
n
; also we give the total number of finite Wajsberg algebras of order
n
. Since a big value of
n
involves a lot of computations, as examples, we present and describe all finite Wajsberg algebras of order
n
≤
9
.
Multi-criterial analysis under the current use of digital geographic data is a quite common method used to evaluate the influence of the geographic environment on a planned or ongoing activity. The ...advantage of this method is a possibility of complex evaluation of all influences as well as a possibility to observe how the individual influences manifest in the final result. Its critical moment is establishing the structure of individual factors that influence the given activity, setting their weights and, subsequently, a choice of a suitable user function. The article provides guidelines how to set the individual decision-making criteria including setting their weights, and the application of the resulting user function in GIS environment with regards to the problem solved. Furthermore, the influence of change in weights of criteria on the complete result of the analysis is discussed. This article documents detailed studies that show how the results of solutions can differ in the same analytical task based on change in the weights of individual criteria. These studies are documented on a model example of a chosen suitable place for the deployment of decontamination center. Finally, the article describes possibilities of further development of the model solution, with the aim to make it a verified tool that may be implemented in the systems of command in Fire Rescue Service units and Chemical Troops units of the Czech Army.
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