This book presents an introduction to MCDA followed by more detailed chapters about each of the leading methods used in this field. Comparison of methods and software is also featured to enable ...readers to choose the most appropriate method needed in their research. Worked examples as well as the software featured in the book are available on an accompanying website.
•We evaluate Multi-criteria decision making tools for their usefulness.•We used incentive-based experiments.•The usefulness of different tools slightly varied but overall were found ...good.•Participants followed the tool's recommendation whilst revising their ranking.•Inconsistency level in judgments had no effect on the usefulness of these tools.
Many decision makers still question the usefulness of multi-criteria decision-making methods and prefer to rely on intuitive decisions. In this study we evaluated a number of multi-criteria decision-making tools for their usefulness using incentive-based experiments, which is a novel approach in operations research but common in psychology and experimental economics. In this experiment the participants were asked to compare five coffee shops to win a voucher for their best-rated shop. We found that, although the usefulness of different multi-criteria decision-making tools varied to some extent, all the tools were found to be useful in the sense that, when they decided to change their ranking, they followed the recommendation of the multi-criteria decision-making tool. Moreover, the level of inconsistency in the judgements provided had no significant effect on the usefulness of these tools.
In recent times, composite indicators have gained astounding popularity in a wide variety of research areas. Their adoption by global institutions has further captured the attention of the media and ...policymakers around the globe, and their number of applications has surged ever since. This increase in their popularity has solicited a plethora of methodological contributions in response to the substantial criticism surrounding their underlying framework. In this paper, we put composite indicators under the spotlight, examining the wide variety of methodological approaches in existence. In this way, we offer a more recent outlook on the advances made in this field over the past years. Despite the large sequence of steps required in the construction of composite indicators, we focus particularly on two of them, namely weighting and aggregation. We find that these are where the paramount criticism appears and where a promising future lies. Finally, we review the last step of the robustness analysis that follows their construction, to which less attention has been paid despite its importance. Overall, this study aims to provide both academics and practitioners in the field of composite indices with a synopsis of the choices available alongside their recent advances.
•A total number of 117 interdisciplinary studies relating to fake news are reviewed.•Only seven studies come from the marketing discipline.•Five themes related to fake news are ...identified.•Antecedents and outcomes of fake news are promising themes for marketing research.
There is growing concern amongst policy makers, managers and academic researchers over the role that social media plays in spreading misinformation, widely described as ‘Fake News’. However, research to date has mainly focussed on the implications of fake news for political communication and debate. There has been less focus on the implications of social media misinformation upon marketing and consumers. Given the key role of social media as a communication platform, there is a gap in our understanding of fake news through a consumer lens. We address this gap by conducting an interdisciplinary systematic review of the relevant literature. Through critical evaluation and synthesis of the literature, we identify five themes that explain the fake news phenomenon: the dissemination process, spreading channel features, outcomes, fabricated legitimacy and attitudes. Finally, we propose a theoretical framework that highlights themes’ relationships and research propositions to guide future research in this area.
PurposeThis study examines the relationship between the flexibility of working from anywhere and employees' psychological well-being (PWB) and safety. This study also investigates the moderating role ...of human resource (HR) leadership teams on HR policy (HRP), firm infrastructure (FRI) and remote work flexibility.Design/methodology/approachWith the help of the literature review and flexible firm theory (FFT) and dynamic capability view (DCV) theory, a model has been developed conceptually. Later, the conceptual model is validated using partial least squares – structural equation modelling technique considering 471 useable respondents from different Asian and European firms to understand cross-country implications. This research study uses convenience and purposeful sampling techniques.FindingsThis study shows that there is a significant and positive moderating role of HR leadership support (HLS) towards developing flexible HRP and appropriate FRI to enable employees to work from anywhere. The results also indicate that there is a significant and positive impact of work from anywhere flexibility (WAF) and employee PWB and psychological safety (PSS), which in turn positively and significantly impact employee satisfaction (EMS) resulting in better firm performance (FP).Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides valuable input to HR management teams for developing effective HR policies to enable a work from anywhere option. The study also provides food for thought to practitioners, researchers and academicians regarding the need for more research on the relationship between work flexibility, PWB and FP. Finally, this study develops a unique model which could be used by any firm towards framing an effective HRP enabling WAF.Originality/valueThis research adds value to the overall body of knowledge of HR management. There is no study which investigated the impact of WAF on employee PWB and PSS. Thus, this study is considered a unique study. Moreover, the proposed model in this research study is also a unique model with explanative power of 71%.
•We consider the distribution of composite indicator values in the weight vector space.•Mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ) synthesize the distribution.•Measurement of local and global efficiency in ...the σ−μ space is introduced.•Static or dynamic multiple efficient frontiers can be graphically represented.•σ−μ efficiency analysis is applied to the World Happiness Index.
We propose a methodology to employ composite indicators for performance analysis of units of interest using and extending the family of Stochastic Multiattribute Acceptability Analysis. We start evaluating each unit by means of weighted sums of their elementary indicators in the whole set of admissible weights. For each unit, we compute the mean, μ, and the standard deviation, σ, of its evaluations. Clearly, the former has to be maximized, while the latter has to be minimized as it denotes instability in the evaluations with respect to the variability of weights. We consider a unit to be Pareto–Koopmans efficient with respect to μ and σ if there is no convex combination of μ and σ of the rest of the units with a value of μ that is not smaller, and a value of σ that is not greater, with at least one strict inequality. The set of all Pareto–Koopmans efficient units constitutes the first Pareto–Koopmans frontier. In the spirit of context-dependent Data Envelopment Analysis, we assign each unit to one of the sequence of Pareto–Koopmans frontiers. We measure the local efficiency of each unit with respect to each frontier, but also its global efficiency taking into account all frontiers in the σ−μ plane, thus enhancing the explicative power of the proposed approach. To illustrate its potential, we present a case study of ‘world happiness’ based on the data of the homonymous report that is annually produced by the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Solutions Network.
Supplier selection has long been a strategic cornerstone for the advancement of companies from the mining sector due to its impact on many sectors as inventory management, production planning, ...maintenance scheduling, financial resources and environment. In this regard, expert decision-makers should deem a number of performance conflicting criteria and supplier alternatives. Moreover, choosing a suitable Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach has become a key strategic consideration for supplier selection. Hence, this paper presents a combination of powerful MCDM methods to select the most suitable supplier of forklift filters. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is first used to calculate the initial weights of criteria and sub-criteria under uncertainty, followed by the implementation of Fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (FDEMATEL) to assess the interrelations and feedback between them. The fuzzy theory is used in both AHP and DEMATEL methods to represent the human vagueness when making judgments. Then, FAHP and FDEMATEL are combined to obtain the final contributions of both criteria and sub-criteria on the basis of interrelations and uncertainty. Finally, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used to rank the supplier alternatives. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, a case study is presented. The results evidence that
quality
criterion is the most crucial aspect when selecting suppliers of forklift filters.
Pairwise comparisons have been a long-standing technique for comparing alternatives/criteria and their role has been pivotal in the development of modern decision-making methods. Since several types ...of pairwise comparison matrices (e.g., multiplicative, additive, fuzzy) are proposed in literature, in this paper, we investigate, for which type of matrix, decision-makers are more coherent when they express their subjective preferences. By performing an experiment, we found that the additive approach provides the worst level of coherence.
In the ongoing context of climate change, there is an increasing need to support decision-making processes in the domain of landscape planning and management. Suitable evaluation techniques are ...needed to take into account the interests of actors and stakeholders in shared policy decisions. An important methodological contribution to the field is given by the Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), due to its ability to combine multiple aspects of a decision problem with the values and opinions expressed by different Decision Makers. The present paper develops the “Group Analytic Hierarchy Process Sorting II method” (GAHPSort II), which aims to sort a group of municipalities included in the UNESCO site “Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero, and Monferrato” (Italy) according to the economic attractiveness of the landscape. Extending the previous versions AHPSort I, AHPSort II and GAHPSort, the GAHPSort II optimizes multi-stakeholder evaluations on large databases by reducing the number of comparisons. Moreover, the GAHPSort II method is proposed as a novel spatial decision support system because it combines a set of economic indicators for landscape and GIS methods for aiding the Decision Makers to better understand the case study and to support the definition and localization of policies and strategies of landscape planning and management.
► Methodological developments of the analytic hierarchy process are reviewed. ► We discuss problem modelling, pair-wise comparisons, judgement scales. ► We examine derivation methods, consistency ...indices, incomplete matrix. ► We explore synthesis of the weights, sensitivity analysis and group decisions.
In this paper the authors review the developments of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) since its inception. The focus of this paper is a neutral review on the methodological developments rather than reporting its applications that have appeared since its introduction. In particular, we discuss problem modelling, pair-wise comparisons, judgement scales, derivation methods, consistency indices, incomplete matrix, synthesis of the weights, sensitivity analysis and group decisions. All have been important areas of research in AHP.
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