The work included an analysis of the primary real estate market in Krakow in 2017‑2020. The above analysis was carried out on the basis of transactions obtained from the official register at the ...city hall. The results of the research made it possible to observe the changes taking place in the market: the prices grew moderately, and the number of transactions was between 8,000 and 11,000 each year. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of transactions conducted dropped sharply. Despite the reduced interest of potential buyers, prices per square meter of residential space increased significantly during the period under review. Thus, the pandemic only affected the number of transactions and not the average price per unit of space.
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia--CIN affects women in their repro- ductive life period. CIN may proceed squamous cervical cancer. CIN is divided into: CIN1, CIN2, CIN3. CIN3 comprises cervical ...cancer in situ- CIS which is the true precancer state within the cervix. CIN, depending on grade may progress, regress or persist for many years. According to a few publication vitamins C, E and A may protect against carcinogenesis within the cervix. The aim of this paper was evalua- tion of vitamins A and E serum concentration of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia patients. The study material consisted of 289 women aged 25-60 years diagnosed with CIN and early invasive cervical cancer IA. The subjects of the study were selected amongst participants of National Cervical Cancer Screen- ing Program attending Department of Gynecology and Oncology of Jagiellonian University Medical College in Krakow. The control group consisted of 44 women aged 28-56 years diagnosed and treated in the same centre and period due to a non oncologic gynecologic conditions. Serum vitamin A and E was measured with HPLC method with ultraviolet detector (UV) (254 nm).
Medium serum vitamin A concentration in the study group was 2.67 ± 1.15 mg/l and was significantly (p < 0.001) lower than in control group -3.81 ± 1.62 mg/l. Mean serum vitamin E concentration in the study group was 3.95 ± 1.93 mg/l and was also significantly (p < 0.001) lower than in control group (8.63 ± 2.84 mg/l). To conclude, the observed significantly lower vitamins A and E serum concentrations may be related to the cervical neoplasia process. The normal vitamin A and E serum levels may have a protective effect against cervical carcinogenesis.
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease. Chronic HPV infection is indispensable for development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical ...cancer. First data stating that HPV transmission among heterosexual partners is very common appeared in last years. The aim of this study was to estimate the HPV infection prevalence among male sexual partners of women diagnosed with subclinical HPV infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and early invasive cervical cancer. The study was conducted among 289 women aged 25-60 diagnosed with CIN and cervical cancer stage IA; control group consisted of 44 women aged 28-56 HPV testing using the material from retroglandular sulcus was conducted among male sexual partners of women from the study group. Testing was performed with HC2 method. In the study group, HPV infection was stated in 218 (75.43%) women and in 6 (13.63%) in control group. HPV DNA was present in 148 (51.21%) men--sexual partners of women from the study group and only 1 (2.27%) from control group. Additionally, HPV types of high and low oncogenic potential were analyzed with regard to histological diagnosis (SPI, CIN, early invasive cervical cancer). As the analysis shows, HPV infection of male sexual partners of women diagnosed with SPI and CIN is relatively high (9.09-93.33%).
The aim of the study was to assess the ongoing changes of the type of regression, progression and steady state among patients diagnosed with subclinical changes of an HPV infection as well as changes ...in the type of CIN 1 and CIN 2.
The study was conducted in a group of 289 women between the ages of 25-60 with abnormal cytology taking part in the CIN cervical cancer prevention program.
The patients were observed over a period of 6 years; no detectable differences were discovered in the frequency of regression between patients with SPI in comparision to patients with CIN1. In addition, no differences were identified in the frequency of regression between groups of patients with CIN1 and CIN2. In contrast, regression was more common in patients with SPI than in patients with CIN2. Steady state was more frequent in patients with CIN1 and CIN 2 than in patients with SPI. The results illustrated no differences in the progression of SPI and the CIN1 to CIN2. The group of patients with CIN2 were frequently associated with progression to CIN3 more than in the group of patients with SPI. The group of patients with CIN2 were frequently associated with progression to CIN3 more than in the group of patients with CIN1. Further investigation of cervical changes associated with SPI, CIN1 and CIN2 were dependent on the presence of transcription genes E6 and E7 of HPV. In 138 cases, the presence of these transcription genes lead to progression in 19.56% of women; more specifically in the introduction of mE6 and E7 RNA. There were changes typical of remission in 56,52% of cases primarily in the absence of transcriptor genes HPV E6 and E7.
1. The histological changes of the cervix observed in subclinical HPV infection, CIN1 and CIN2 may be subject to a higher degree of progression of CIN. In addition, these changes may progress to cervical cancer, remain stationary in a steady state, or decline into remission. 2. The types of HPV infection with high oncogenic potential are not only important in initiation of cerival changes but also in the developmental process of carcinogenesis in the cervix by several independent mechanisms.
