Abstract
With an increasing aging society, China is the world’s fastest growing markets for oral implants. Compared with traditional oral implants, immediate implants cause marginal bone resorption ...and increase the failure rate of osseointegration, but the mechanism is still unknown. Therefore, it is important to further study mechanisms of tension stimulus on osteoblasts and osteoclasts at the early stage of osseointegration to promote rapid osseointegration around oral implants. The results showed that exosomes containing circ_0008542 from MC3T3-E1 cells with prolonged tensile stimulation promoted osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Circ_0008542 upregulated Tnfrsf11a (RANK) gene expression by acting as a miR-185-5p sponge. Meanwhile, the circ_0008542 1916-1992 bp segment exhibited increased m6A methylation levels. Inhibiting the RNA methyltransferase METTL3 or overexpressing the RNA demethylase ALKBH5 reversed osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption induced by circ_0008542. Injection of circ_0008542 + ALKBH5 into the tail vein of mice reversed the same effects in vivo. Site-directed mutagenesis study demonstrated that 1956 bp on circ_0008542 is the m6A functional site with the abovementioned biological functions. In conclusion, the RNA methylase METTL3 acts on the m6A functional site of 1956 bp in circ_0008542, promoting competitive binding of miRNA-185-5p by circ_0008542, and leading to an increase in the target gene RANK and the initiation of osteoclast bone absorption. In contrast, the RNA demethylase ALKBH5 inhibits the binding of circ_0008542 with miRNA-185-5p to correct the bone resorption process. The potential value of this study provides methods to enhance the resistance of immediate implants through use of exosomes releasing ALKBH5.
The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of an anti‐immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody (omalizumab) in the treatment of allergic asthma (AS). A total of 34 patients with moderate‐to‐severe ...bronchial asthma admitted to the Respiratory Department of Tianjin First Central Hospital between September 2019 and September 2021 were enrolled in this study. The patients were treated with omalizumab in addition to conventional inhaled corticosteroids + long‐acting β2 agonist treatment. The therapeutic effects before and after the addition of omalizumab were compared. The lung function indicators (ratio of the forced expiratory volume FEV in the first second to the forced vital capacity, FEV in the first second, forced expiratory flow FEF at 50% of vital capacity, FEF at 75% of vital capacity, and maximum mid‐expiratory flow), fractionated exhaled nitric oxide values, asthma control test scores, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire scores, and urticaria control test scores were significantly different after 4 months of the regular administration of omalizumab (p < 0.05) compared with before administration. The use of omalizumab had a significant efficacy in the treatment of patients with AS, and the effects were obvious in the subgroups of patients with a combination of AS and atopic dermatitis, chronic urticaria, and allergic rhinitis. These results indicate that the treatment is worthy of clinical promotion.
The details relating to lung function and FeNO before and after treatment.
Summary
With advanced sequencing technology, dozens of complex polyploid plant genomes have been characterized. However, for many polyploid species, their diploid ancestors are unknown or extinct, ...making it impossible to unravel the subgenomes and genome evolution directly.
We developed a novel subgenome‐phasing algorithm, SubPhaser, specifically designed for a neoallopolyploid or a homoploid hybrid. SubPhaser first searches for the subgenome‐specific sequence (k‐mer), then assigns homoeologous chromosomes into subgenomes, and further provides tools to annotate and investigate specific sequences.
SubPhaser works well on neoallopolyploids and homoploid hybrids containing subgenome‐specific sequences like wheat, but fails on autopolyploids lacking subgenome‐specific sequences like alfalfa, indicating that SubPhaser can phase neoallopolyploid/homoploid hybrids with high accuracy, sensitivity and performance.
This highly accurate, highly sensitive, ancestral data free chromosome phasing algorithm, SubPhaser, offers significant application value for subgenome phasing in neoallopolyploids and homoploid hybrids, and for the subsequent exploration of genome evolution and related genetic/epigenetic mechanisms.
Proteasome is the principal hydrolytic machinery responsible for the great majority of protein degradation. The past three decades have testified prominent advances about proteasome involved in ...almost every aspect of biological processes. Nonetheless, inappropriate increase or decrease in proteasome function is regarded as a causative factor in several diseases. Proteasome abundance and proper assembly need to be precisely controlled. Indeed, various neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD) share a common pathological feature, intracellular protein accumulation such as α-synuclein. Proteasome activation may effectively remove aggregates and prevent the neurodegeneration in PD, which provides a potential application for disease-modifying treatment. In this review, we build on the valuable discoveries related to different types of proteolysis by distinct forms of proteasome, and how its regulatory and catalytic particles promote protein elimination. Additionally, we summarize the emerging ideas on the proteasome homeostasis regulation by targeting transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels. Given the imbalanced proteostasis in PD, the strategies for intensifying proteasomal degradation are advocated as a promising approach for PD clinical intervention.
As a member of the TRIM (tripartite motif) protein family, TRIM56 can function as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. In addition, TRIM56 has been shown to possess deubiquitinase activity and the ability to bind ...RNA. This adds to the complexity of the regulatory mechanism of TRIM56. TRIM56 was initially found to be able to regulate the innate immune response. In recent years, its role in direct antiviral and tumor development has also attracted the interest of researchers, but there is no systematic review on TRIM56. Here, we first summarize the structural features and expression of TRIM56. Then, we review the functions of TRIM56 in TLR and cGAS-STING pathways of innate immune response, the mechanisms and structural specificity of TRIM56 against different types of viruses, and the dual roles of TRIM56 in tumorigenesis. Finally, we discuss the future research directions regarding TRIM56.
To investigate the effectiveness of the intervention with critical value management and push short messaging service (SMS), and to determine improvement in the referral rate of patients with positive ...hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV).
No intervention was done for patients with positive anti-HCV screening results from 1 January 2015 to 31 October 2021. Patients with positive anti-HCV results at our hospital from 1 November 2021 to 31 July 2022 were informed vide critical value management and push SMS. For inpatients, a competent physician was requested to liaise with the infectious disease physician for consultation, and patients seen in the OPD (outpatient department) were asked to visit the liver disease clinic. The Chi-square correlation test, one-sided two-ratio test and linear regression were used to test the relationship between intervention and referral rate.
A total of 638,308 cases were tested for anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) in our hospital and 5983 of them were positive. 51.8% of the referred patients were aged 18-59 years and 10.8% were aged ≥75 years. The result of Chi-square correlation test between intervention and referral was
= .0000,
< .05. One-sided two-ratio test was performed for statistics of pre-intervention referral rate (
1) and post-intervention referral rate (
2). Normal approximation and Fisher's exact test for the results obtained were 0.000,
< .05, and the alternative hypothesis
1 -
< 0 was accepted. The linear regression equation was referral = 0.1396 × intervention + 0.3743, and the result model
= 8.79e - 09,
< .05. The model was significant, and the coefficient of intervention was 0.1396.
The interventions of critical value management and push SMS were correlated with the referral rate of patients with positive anti-HCV.
Aim
To reveal the cellular composition and molecular environment of the periodontal and peri‐implant inflammatory infiltrates through a single‐cell sequencing technique, which may explain the ...pathological difference between these two diseases. A special focus was placed on the phenotypes and potential roles of neutrophils and fibroblasts in peri‐implant/periodontal tissue immunity.
Materials and Methods
High‐throughput single‐cell transcriptomic profiling of peri‐implant tissues from patients with peri‐implantitis as well as periodontal tissues from patients with periodontitis and healthy donors was performed. Immunofluorescence analysis was carried out to further validate the identified cell subtypes and their involvement in peri‐implantitis and periodontitis.
Results
Based on our single‐cell resolution analysis, a quantified proportional increase of neutrophil (Neu) subtypes was shown in peri‐implantitis. Among these, a predominance of Neutro_CXCR2 was revealed. We also found the involvement of inflammation‐promoting fibroblasts as well as a predominance of CXCL8+ fibroblast–CXCR2+ neutrophil interaction in peri‐implantitis.
Conclusions
Our study indicated that the predominance of CXCL8+ fibroblast–CXCR2+ neutrophil interaction might underline the enhanced host response in peri‐implantitis compared with periodontitis. This information offers a molecular basis by which fibroblast and neutrophil subtypes might be diagnostically and therapeutically targeted in peri‐implantitis.
Understanding and quantifying populations' adaptive genetic variation and their response to climate change are critical to reforestation's seed source selection, forest management decisions, and gene ...conservation. Landscape genomics combined with geographic and environmental information provide an opportunity to interrogate forest populations' genome‐wide variation for understanding the extent to which evolutionary forces shape past and contemporary populations' genetic structure, and identify those populations that may be most at risk under future climate change. Here, we used genotyping by sequencing to generate over 11,000 high‐quality variants from Platycladus orientalis range‐wide collection to evaluate its diversity and to predict genetic offset under future climate scenarios. Platycladus orientalis is a widespread conifer in China with significant ecological, timber, and medicinal values. We found population structure and evidences of isolation by environment, indicative of adaptation to local conditions. Gradient forest modeling identified temperature‐related variables as the most important environmental factors influencing genetic variation and predicted areas with higher risk under future climate change. This study provides an important reference for forest resource management and conservation for P. orientalis.
The separation of Xe/Kr mixtures in used nuclear fuel (UNF) has attracted lots of attention, but no report on the adsorption and separation of Kr from mixed Kr/Xe at room temperature can be found. ...From grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, it is found that by replacing the metal center Ca of SBMOF-1 with Mg, due to the appropriate pore size, the adsorption selectivity (
S
Kr/Xe
) was extremely high (250 000) and the adsorption capacity for Kr on Mg-SBMOF-1 modified with -NH
2
was increased by 300% to 1.020 from 0.248 mmol g
−1
. Based on the calculations of density functional theory (DFT), we found that the stronger electron-donating ability of a functional group will increase the polarizability of the ligand, and thus increase the adsorption capacity to Kr. In addition, the analysis of electronic structures with independent gradient model (IGM) and energy decomposition analysis (EDA) indicates that van der Waals forces will be responsible for the interaction of Mg-SBMOF-1 and Kr gas. Among them, the interaction of Mg-SBMOF-1 and Kr gas is mainly an induction force, while that of modifications with -CH
3
and -NH
2
is mainly a dispersion force. The present theoretical study represents the first report of the separation of Kr from Xe with MOF adsorption at room temperature. We hope this work may promote the experimental synthesis of Mg-SBMOF-1 for efficient separation of Kr and Xe.
The separation of Xe/Kr mixtures in used nuclear fuel (UNF) has attracted lots of attention, but no report on the adsorption and separation of Kr from mixed Kr/Xe at room temperature can be found.
Aim
To compare the 3‐year clinical, radiographic and economic outcomes of short‐6‐mm implants and longer implants combined with osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) in the posterior maxilla.
...Material and Methods
This study enrolled 225 patients (225 implants with diameter of 4.1 mm and 4.8 mm) with a posterior maxillary residual bone height (RBH) of 6–8 mm. Patients were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1 (6 mm implants alone), Group 2 (8 mm implants + OSFE) and Group 3 (10 mm implants + OSFE). The following outcomes were recorded at 1 and 3‐year examinations: implant survival, probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), modified plaque index (mPI), marginal bone loss (MBL), biological and technical complications, complication‐free survival and treatment costs.
Results
At the 3‐year follow‐up, 199 patients (Group 1: 67; Group 2: 62; Group 3: 70) were re‐examined. Implant survival rates were 91.80%, 97.08% and 100.00% in groups 1, 2 and 3. Implant survival rate in Group 1 was significantly lower than that in Group 3 (p = 0.029). A multivariate Cox model showed that the short‐6‐mm implants with wide diameter had a protective effect on implant survival (hazard ratio: 0.59, p = 0.001). No significant differences in BOP%, PPD, mPI, MBL and complication‐free survival rate were found among the three groups. The average costs of retreatment were 8.31%, 1.96% and 0.56% of the total costs in groups 1, 2 and 3. The cost to avoid a 1% increase in implant loss associated with 6‐mm implants over a 3‐year period was 369 CNY (56 USD) using a 10‐mm implant with OSFE and 484 CNY (74 USD) using an 8‐mm implant with OSFE.
Conclusion
In the moderately atrophic posterior maxillae, the three treatments showed acceptable clinical, radiographic and economic outcomes with up to 3‐year follow‐up. 10‐mm implants combined with OSFE showed more favourable implant survival and fewer maintenance costs in comparison with short‐6‐mm implants, which were less expensive.
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