•Rice tcd11 mutant lacking TCD11 exhibits a thermo-sensitive phenotype.•TCD11 encodes plastid ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) in chloroplasts.•The disruption of TCD11 reduces expressions of certain ...chloroplasts-associated genes and impedes the assembly of ribosome in chloroplasts at low temperature.•TCD11 plays an important role in chloroplast development under cold stress.
Plastid ribosome proteins (PRPs) are important components for chloroplast biogenesis and early chloroplast development. Although it has been known that chloroplast ribosomes are similar to bacterial ones, the precise molecular function of ribosomal proteins remains to be elucidated in rice. Here, we identified a novel rice mutant, designated tcd11 (thermo-sensitive chlorophyll-deficient mutant 11), characterized by the albino phenotype until it died at 20°C, while displaying normal phenotype at 32°C. The alteration of leaf color in tcd11 mutants was aligned with chlorophyll (Chl) content and chloroplast development. The map-based cloning and molecular complementation showed that TCD11 encodes the ribosomal small subunit protein S6 in chloroplasts (RPS6). TCD11 was abundantly expressed in leaves, suggesting its different expressions in tissues. In addition, the disruption of TCD11 greatly reduced the transcript levels of certain chloroplasts-associated genes and prevented the assembly of ribosome in chloroplasts at low temperature (20°C), whereas they recovered to nearly normal levels at high temperature (32°C). Thus, our data indicate that TCD11 plays an important role in chloroplast development at low temperature. Upon our knowledge, the observations from this study provide a first glimpse into the importance of RPS6 function in rice chloroplast development.
Aim
The purpose of this study was to translate the Stoma‐quality of life into Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties in Chinese patients.
Background
Quality of life is an important issue ...for patients with colostomy, and its appropriate and precise measurement is beneficial to promoting better care. The Stoma‐quality of life questionnaire has been widely used; however, the validity and reliability of its Chinese version has not been determined.
Design
A cross‐sectional validation study was conducted.
Methods
We translated the Stoma‐quality of life into Chinese using standardized methods. Then it was psychometrically tested on a convenience sample of 513 patients with colostomy. Construct validity was evaluated via exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was measured with Cronbach's alpha and the split‐half Spearman–Brown coefficient.
Results
The content validity, the Cronbach's α coefficient and the Spearman–Brown split‐half reliability coefficient indicated adequate validity and reliability. The exploratory factor analysis yielded four common factors, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 67.5%. Moreover, the confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit.
Conclusion
This study confirmed that the Chinese version of Stoma‐quality of life is an effective and reliable measurement for evaluating the quality of life of patients with colostomy.
Summary statement
What is already known about this topic?
Quality of life (QOL) is an important issue for patients with colostomy, and it is conducive to evaluate the effect of specific treatment and nursing interventions. However, a tailored instrument measuring QOL in Chinese patients with colostomy is lacking.
The Stoma‐QOL is a widely used stoma‐specific instrument based on Hunt and McKennal's basic QOL demand model and has shown acceptable psychometric properties.
What this paper adds?
This study provides evidence of the construct validity and internal consistency reliability of the Stoma‐QOL‐C.
The four‐factor structure of the scale shows the aspects and complexity of QOL of patients with colostomy.
The study proves the Stoma‐QOL‐C a valid and reliable measure of assessing QOL of patients with colostomy.
The implication of this paper:
The Stoma‐QOL‐C could be used as a disease‐specific scale to evaluate the QOL of patients with colostomy.
This study adds the knowledge of the psychometric properties regarding the inventory in diverse cultural backgrounds.
The study was aimed at exploring the clinical value of a 14-zone lung ultrasound scoring (LUS) method in treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) with pulmonary surfactant (PS) and ...determining the timing of mechanical ventilation (MV). In this study, 88 neonates with NRDS who received PS replacement therapy were selected. We applied a new 14-zone LUS method before and 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after PS treatment to explore the clinical value of assessing PS replacement therapy efficacy in NRDS. Additionally, 67 patients with NRDS under MV received LUS during extubation. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of LUS in the timing of extubation. LUS score was inversely associated with PS treatment. At 12 h after PS, only the 14-zone LUS method was significantly different (t = 4.08, p < 0.05) as compared with before PS, which was consistent with the change on chest x-ray (CXR); the other LUS methods did not differ (p > 0.05). The 14-zone LUS method exhibited better diagnostic performance for withdrawal time. A score of 41.0 points was used as the diagnostic threshold to predict the risk of withdrawal failure, with an area under the curve of 0.955, sensitivity of 92.4% and specificity of 93.8%. The new 14-zone LUS method improved scoring in the early efficacy of PS and had good diagnostic efficiency for timing the removal of MV in NRDS.
Background and aim
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been found to attenuate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, its effects and mechanism of action have not ...yet been clarified. It has been reported that cerebral I/R injury is closely associated not only with ferroptosis but also with inflammation. Hence, the current study aimed to investigate whether high‐frequency rTMS attenuates middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)‐induced cerebral I/R injury and further to elucidate the mediatory role of ferroptosis and inflammation.
Methods
The protective effects of rTMS on experimental cerebral I/R injury were investigated using transient MCAO model rats. Neurological scores and pathological changes of cerebral ischemic cortex were assessed to evaluate the effects of rTMS on cerebral I/R injury. The involvement of ferroptosis and that of inflammation were examined to investigate the mechanism underlying the effects of rTMS.
Results
High‐frequency rTMS remarkably rescued the MCAO‐induced neurological deficits and morphological damage. rTMS treatment also increased the mRNA and protein expression of glutathione‐dependent peroxidase 4, decreased the mRNA and protein levels of acyl‐CoA synthetase long‐chain family member 4 and transferrin receptor in the cortex. Moreover, rTMS administration reduced the cerebrospinal fluid IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α concentrations.
Conclusion
These findings implicated that high‐frequency rTMS alleviates MCAO‐induced cerebral I/R injury, and the underlying mechanism could involve the inhibition of ferroptosis and inflammation. Our study identifies rTMS as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, the mechanistic insights into ferroptosis and inflammation advance our understanding of it as a potential therapeutic target for diseases beyond cerebral ischemia stroke.
High‐frequency rTMS rescues the MCAO‐induced neurological deficits and alleviates MCAO‐induced cerebral I/R injury, probably by inhibiting ferroptosis and inflammation.
To gain a deeper understanding of the metabolic differences within and outside the body, as well as changes in transcription levels following estrus in yaks, we conducted transcriptome and metabolome ...analyses on female yaks in both estrus and non-estrus states. The metabolome analysis identified 114, 13, and 91 distinct metabolites in urine, blood, and follicular fluid, respectively. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis highlighted an enrichment of pathways related to amino acid and lipid metabolism across all three body fluids. Our transcriptome analysis revealed 122 differentially expressed genes within microRNA (miRNA) and 640 within long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Functional enrichment analysis of lncRNA and miRNA indicated their involvement in cell signaling, disease resistance, and immunity pathways. We constructed a regulatory network composed of 10 lncRNAs, 4 miRNAs, and 30 mRNAs, based on the targeted regulation relationships of the differentially expressed genes. In conclusion, the accumulation of metabolites such as amino acids, steroids, and organic acids, along with the expression changes of key genes like miR-129 during yak estrus, provide initial insights into the estrus mechanism in yaks.
The seeds of
(Burk.) F. H. Chen are typically characterized by their recalcitrance and after-ripening process and exhibit a high water content at harvest as well as a high susceptibility to ...dehydration. Storage difficulty and the low germination of recalcitrant seeds of
are known to cause an obstacle to agricultural production. In this study, the ratio of embryo to endosperm (Em/En) in abscisic acid (ABA) treatments (1 mg·l
and 10 mg·l
, LA and HA) was 53.64% and 52.34%, respectively, which were lower than those in control check (CK) (61.98%) at 30 days of the after-ripening process (DAR). A total of 83.67% of seeds germinated in the CK, 49% of seeds germinated in the LA treatment, and 37.33% of seeds germinated in the HA treatment at 60 DAR. The ABA, gibberellin (GA), and auxin (IAA) levels were increased in the HA treatment at 0 DAR, while the jasmonic acid (JA) levels were decreased. ABA, IAA, and JA were increased, but GA was decreased with HA treatment at 30 DAR. A total of 4,742, 16,531, and 890 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the HA-treated and CK groups, respectively, along with obvious enrichment in the ABA-regulated plant hormone pathway and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. The expression of
(
) and
(
) increased in the ABA-treated groups, whereas the expression of
(
) decreased, both of which are related to the ABA signaling pathway. As a result of the changes in expression of these genes, increased ABA signaling and suppressed GA signaling could inhibit the growth of the embryo and the expansion of developmental space. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that MAPK signaling cascades might be involved in the amplification of hormone signaling. Meanwhile, our study uncovered that the exogenous hormone ABA could inhibit embryonic development, promote dormancy, and delay germination in recalcitrant seeds. These findings reveal the critical role of ABA in regulating the dormancy of recalcitrant seeds, and thereby provide a new insight into recalcitrant seeds in agricultural production and storage.
The potential application of artemether as a novel sonosensitizer for sonodynamic therapy (SDT) was explored and illustrated for the first time. In addition, liposome-encapsulated artemether ...exhibited significantly enhanced sonodynamic anticancer activity. Our findings indicated that artemisinin derivatives may serve as a new kind of sonosensitizer for SDT.
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is characterized by debilitating pain. Electroacupuncture (EA), a traditional Chinese medical therapy, has shown promise in KOA pain management. This study investigated the ...therapeutic potential of EA in KOA and its impact on limbic system neural plasticity. Sixteen rats were randomly assigned into two groups: EA group and sham-EA group. EA or sham-EA interventions were administered at acupoints ST32 (Futu) and ST36 (Zusanli) for three weeks. Post-intervention resting-state fMRI was scanned, assessing parameters including Amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), functional connectivity (FC) and nodal characterizations of network within limbic system. The results showed that EA was strategically directed towards the limbic system, resulting in discernible alterations in neural activity, FC, and network characteristics. Our findings demonstrate that EA had a significant impact on the limbic system neural plasticity in rats with KOA, presenting a novel nonpharmacological approach for KOA treatment.
A vaccine booster to maintain high antibody levels and provide effective protection against COVID-19 has been recommended. However, little is known about the safety of a booster for different ...vaccines. We conducted a parallel controlled prospective study to compare the safety of a booster usingfour common vaccines in China. In total, 320 eligible participants who had received two doses of an inactivated vaccine were equally allocated to receive a booster of the same vaccine (Group A), a different inactivated vaccine (Group B), an adenovirus type-5 vectored vaccine (Group C), or a protein subunit vaccine (Group D). A higher risk of adverse reactions, observed up to 28 days after injection, was found in Groups C and D, compared to Group A, with odds ratios (OR) of 11.63 (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.22-32.05) and 4.38 (1.53-12.56), respectively. Recipients in Group C were more likely to report ≥two reactions (OR = 29.18, 95% CI: 3.70-229.82), and had a higher risk of injection site pain, dizziness, and fatigue. A gender and age disparity in the risk of adverse reactions was identified. Despite the majority of reactions being mild, heterologous booster strategies do increase the risk of adverse reactions, relative to homologous boosters, in subjects who have had two doses of inactive vaccine.
