•PFASs have been widely used in industrial and household products.•PFASs were measured in the plasma samples from women enrolled in early pregnancy.•All the women gave birth to a singleton live ...birth.•PFASs were not associated with the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were reported to be associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) but the results were inconsistent and prospective data are scarce. We aimed to examine these associations in a large prospective birth cohort study in Shanghai, China.
A total of 10 PFASs were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS-MS) in the plasma samples from 3220 women who were enrolled during early pregnancy and gave birth to a singleton live birth between 2013 and 2016. The outcomes included gestational hypertension (GH), preeclampsia (PE) and overall HDP. Associations of these outcomes with each PFASs were estimated by multivariable logistic regression and expressed as odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Potential non-linear association between PFASs and HDP was examined with restricted cubic spline model. To handle the potential confounding by correlated PFASs, we applied elastic net regression (ENR) to identify independent PFASs components of outcomes.
Among all singleton live births, the incidence rates of GH and PE were 2.0% and 2.2%, respectively. Overall, PFASs did not show a significant and consistent pattern of the associations with GH, PE or overall HDP, both before and after controlling for potential confounders. ENR model confirmed the results that there was no independently predictive role of PFASs on GH, PE or overall HDP.
In this large prospective cohort study, maternal plasma concentration of PFASs in early pregnancy were not associated with GH, PE or overall HDP in singleton livebirths.
We investigated the ammonium removal abilities of natural and synthetic zeolites with distinct Si/Al ratios and various surface areas to study how adsorption and ion exchange processes in zeolites ...perform under different ammonium concentrations and different temperatures. Five zeolites—natural mordenite, chabazite, erionite, clinoptilolite, and synthetic merlinoite—were immersed in 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg ammonium solutions. The results demonstrate that zeolites under high ammonium concentrations (100 mg/kg) possess higher physical adsorption capacity (0.398–0.468 meq/g), whereas those under lower ammonium concentrations (20 mg/kg) possess greater ion exchange properties (64–99%). The ion exchange ability of zeolites is extremely dependent on the cation content of the zeolites, and the cation content is affected by the Si/Al ratio. The surface area of zeolites also has a partial influence on its physical adsorption ability. When the surface area is less than 100 m2/g, the adsorption ability of zeolite increases obviously with surface area; however, adsorption ability is saturated as the surface area becomes larger than this critical value of 100 m2/g. When we placed the zeolites in 50 mg/kg ammonium concentration at different temperatures (5–50 °C), we found that the zeolites exhibited the highest ammonium removal ability at 30 °C and the potassium release was enhanced at 30–40 °C.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of wheat gluten on gut microbiota from hamsters and also analyse whether alterations in microbiota could result in wheat gluten’s ...lipid-lowering properties. Four weeks male hamsters were divided into 3 groups (n=10). Two hypercholesterolemic groups were fed for 35 days with hypercholesterolemic diet, containing 20% (w/w) wheat gluten or casein. Wheat gluten significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations, and also decreased the liver total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (FC), cholesterol ester (CE), triglycerides (TG) concentrations. Wheat gluten group had a higher fecal lipids, total cholesterol (TC) and bile acids (BA) than that of casein group (p < 0.05). Moreover, wheat gluten significantly increased total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentrations in feces. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene revealed that intake of wheat gluten decreased the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Erysipelotrichaceae, but to increased the relative abundances of Bateroidetes, Bacteroidales_S24-7_group and Ruminococcaceae. The lipid lowering properties of wheat gluten was associated with the lower ratio of Firmicutes/Bateroidetes, the lower of the bacterial taxa Erysipelotrichaceae and the higher of the bacterial taxa Bacteroidales_S24-7_group and Ruminococcaceae. These results suggest that wheat gluten modulate cholesterol metabolism by altering intestinal microflora.
Background
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an uncommon heterogeneous subtype of B cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, and clinical features in MCL appear regional characteristics. MCL treatment opinions are not ...uniform between countries or regions within Asia and China, and Asian patient‐specific data for MCL treatment are fewer. The study aims to explore the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and prognosis of MCL patients in China.
Methods
A total of 805 patients diagnosed with MCL between April 1999 and December 2019 at 19 comprehensive hospitals in China were included in this retrospective analysis. Kaplan‐Meier method coupled with the log‐rank test was used for univariate analysis, and COX proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis (MVA). p < 0.05 was consided statistically significant. All outputs were produced using R version 4.1.0.
Results
The median age of the cohort was 60.0 years with a male‐to‐female ratio of 3.36:1. Five‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 30.9% and 65.0%, respectively. High‐intermediate/high‐risk group according to MIPI‐c, without high‐dose cytarabine, lack of Auto‐SCT as consolidation and maintenance treatment and SD/PD in initial treatment remained statistically relevant to poor PFS on MVA, and ki67 ≥50%, B symptoms, high‐intermediate/high risk group according to MIPI‐c, without high‐dose cytarabine, lack of maintenance treatment, SD/PD in initial treatment and relapse/refractory state were independently associated with poorer OS on MVA.
Conclusions
First‐line high dose cytarabine exposure, auto‐SCT as consolidation therapy obtained survival benefits in Chinese population. Our study further confirmed the value of maintenance treatment and explored the application of new drug treatment and bendamustine in R/R MCL patients.
Step by step: Pentanuclear clusters (see picture) are synthesized as building units for the construction of three‐dimensional, diamondlike networks. The ESI mass spectra of these clusters reveal that ...the pentanuclear units maintain their structural integrity before condensing into frameworks, thereby allowing a successful step‐by‐step assembly.
This study explores the relationship between the E3 ubiquitin ligase Ring finger protein 126 (RNF126) and early breast cancer metastasis and tests the hypothesis that RNF126 determines the efficacy ...of inhibitors targeting Ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related kinase (ATR).
Various metastasis-related genes were identified by univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis based on the GSE11121 dataset. The RNF126-related network modules were identified by WGCNA, whereas cell viability, invasion, and migration assays were performed to evaluate the biological characteristics of breast cancer cells with or without RNF126 knockdown. MTT, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and DNA fiber assays were conducted to determine the efficiency of ATR inhibitor in cells with or without RNF126 knockdown.
RNF126 was associated with early breast cancer metastasis. RNF126 promoted breast cancer cell proliferation, growth, migration, and invasion. ATR inhibitors were more effective at killing breast cancer cells with intact RNF126 due to replication stress compared with the corresponding cells with RNF126 knockdown. Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) was involved in regulating replication stress in breast cancer cells with intact RNF126.
A high level of expression of RNF126 in early breast cancer patients without lymph node metastases may indicate a high-risk type of metastatic disease, possibly due to RNF126, which may increase breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. RNF126-expressing breast cancer cells exhibit CDK2-mediated replication stress that makes them potential targets for ATR inhibitors.
The long-term prognosis after surgery of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and extrahepatic bile duct tumor thrombus (Ex-BDTT) remains unknown. We aimed to identify the surgical outcomes ...of patients with HCC and Ex-BDTT.
A total of 138 patients with Ex-BDTT who underwent hepatectomy with preservation of the extrahepatic bile duct from five large hospitals in China between January 2009 and December 2017 were included. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS).
With a median follow-up of 60 months (range, 1-127.8 months), the median OS and RFS of the patients were 28.6 and 8.9 months, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates of HCC patients with Ex-BDTT were 71.7%, 41.2%, and 33.5%, respectively, and the corresponding RFS rates were 43.5%, 21.7%, and 20.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified that major hepatectomy, R0 resection, and major vascular invasion were independent prognostic factors for OS and RFS. In addition, preoperative serum total bilirubin ≥ 4.2 mg/dL was an independent prognostic factor for RFS.
Major hepatectomy with preservation of the extrahepatic bile duct can provide favorable long-term survival for HCC patients with Ex-BDTT.
Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) might be used prophylactically to reduce relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for very high-risk leukemia/lymphoma without effective ...targeted therapy. To compare the safety and efficacy of prophylactic DLI for prevention of relapse after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from haploidentical donors (HID-SCT) and matched-sibling donors (MSD-SCT) in patients with very high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we performed a retrospective analysis in a cohort of 21 HID-SCT and 13 MSD-SCT recipients, displaying similar baseline characteristics except for donor’s gender distribution. Grade 2–4 acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) at 100-day post-DLI was higher in HID-SCT group than that in MSD-SCT group (59.5% vs. 30.8%,
p
= 0.05). The grade 3–4 acute GVHD (17.5% vs. 7.7%), 1-year chronic GVHD (36.6% vs. 33.2%), and severe chronic GVHD (15.3% vs. 27.3%) were not statistically significant different between groups. One-year non-relapse mortality was higher in HID-SCT group than that in MSD-SCT group with marginal significance (27.9% vs. 0.0%,
p
= 0.061). One-year relapse rate was not statistically significant different between HID-SCT group and MSD-SCT group (21.6% vs. 36.5%,
p
= 0.543). For HID-SCT recipients, 1-year relapse rate was lower in patients receiving prophylactic DLI than that in a control cohort of eight patients with same very high-risk features but not receiving prophylactic DLI (62.5% vs. 28.3%,
p
= 0.037). No statistically significant difference was observed in 1-year overall survival (OS, 55.1% vs. 83.9%,
p
= 0.325) and relapse-free survival (RFS, 50.1% vs. 74.0%,
p
= 0.419) rates between HID-SCT group and MSD-SCT group. In multivariate analyses, non-remission status prior to transplant, poor-risk gene mutations, and donor’s age ≥ 48 years predicted a higher risk of relapse after DLI. Non-remission status prior to transplant predicted inferior OS and RFS. Patient’s age ≥ 40 years also predicted an inferior OS. In conclusion, prophylactic DLI was very safe and efficient for reducing relapse in patients with very high-risk AML receiving MSD-SCT. In the recipients of HID-SCT, the application of prophylactic DLI could reduce the risk of relapse, although with a higher incidence of DLI-associated acute GVHD than those of MSD-SCT.
Planet pineapple: The structures of two isolated pentagon rule (IPR)‐violating chlorofullerenes (C50Cl10 and C64Cl4; see picture) are determined by X‐ray crystallography and their stabilities ...rationalized by relief of strain at the active pentagon‐fusion carbon atoms whilst maintaining the aromaticity of their carbon skeletons.
Understanding mass transfer processes concomitant with electrochemical conversion for gas evolution reactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface plays a key role in advancing renewable energy ...storage and conversion. However, due to the complicated diffusion behavior of gas at the dynamic catalytic interfaces, it is still a great challenge to accurately portray mass transfer of gas during electrocatalysis process. Here, we track the diffusion of dissolved oxygen on Cu nanostructured plasmonic interface, which reveals multistage oxygen diffusion behaviors, including premature oxygen accumulation, spontaneous diffusion and accelerated oxygen dissipation. This work uncovers an accumulating inhibition effect on oxygen evolution arising from interfacial dissolved oxygen. With these knowledges, we develop a programmable potential scan strategy to eliminate interfacial gas products, which alleviates the concentration polarization, releases accessible actives sites and promotes electrocatalytic performance. Our findings provide a direct observation of the interfacial mass transfer processes that governs the kinetics of gas-involved multiphases catalysis.
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