Background: Specific learning disorder (SLD) is distinct from other Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-5 mental disorders as it is recognized clinically in medicine and as a separate category in ...special education.
Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to study the behavioral patterns and emotional functioning in children with SLD.
Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, from January 2019 to April 2020 on 100 patients (study group 50 and control group 50) diagnosed with SLDs as per DSM5 criteria. A patient’s history includes age, gender, symptoms, and diagnosis. Assessments were done through a semi-structured proforma, Rutter Children’s Behavior Questionnaire (parent form), the Vanderbilt attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnostic rating scale, and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES).
Results: The patient’s domicile in rural areas was 82% compared to urban areas, which is 18%. The Rutter scale – total score was higher in the study group, with a mean of 3.24, compared to the control group, with a mean of 0.44. The RSES compared self-esteem scores and the mean self-esteem scores of 21.56 and 14.72, respectively (P<0.0001). The deviant/antisocial behavior subscale scores were higher for the study group, with a mean score of 1.08, than the control group, with a mean score of 0.02 (<0.05). The ADHD (inattentive type) Vanderbilt scale was compared, and it was found to be positive for the study group and none for the control group (P=0.022).
Conclusion: The scores show a significant correlation between higher rates of neurotic behavior and behavioral problems, predominantly inattentive types, in SLD children.
This manuscript proposes a hybrid method for measuring the battery’s dynamic electrical response as it is compressed by an external-force. The proposed hybrid technique is the wrapper of the War ...Strategy Optimization algorithm and Hierarchical Deep Learning Neural Network, commonly called as WSO-HDLNN technique. The main aim of the proposed method is to lessen the battery-voltage error. The War Strategy Optimization method detects the parameters of the battery method. The Hierarchical Deep Learning Neural Network is used to predict the dynamic-electrical-response of the battery when it deforms during external-force. By using the proposed method, the estimated voltage and measured voltage error are reduced, and identifies the parameter effectively. Finally, the proposed method is done in the MATLAB platform and it is compared with different existing approaches. The error of the proposed method is 4 mV, the Jellyfish Search Optimizer method error is 6 mV, the Heap-based Optimizer method error is 12 mV, and the Grey Wolf Optimizer method error is 14 mV. The proposed method time is 0.7 s The proposed method shows better results in all methods, like Jellyfish Search Optimizer, Heap-based Optimizer, and Grey Wolf Optimizer, The proposed method provides less computation time and error than the existing one is proved from the simulation outcome.
•This manuscript proposes a hybrid technique for measuring the battery’s dynamic electrical response.•The proposed hybrid technique is the wrapper of WSO and HDLNN.•The main aim of the proposed method is to lessen the battery-voltage error.•WSO is detects the parameters of battery; HDLNN is predict the electrical response of battery.•The estimated voltage and measured voltage error is reduced and identifies the parameter effectively.•The proposed method provides less computation time and error than existing one.the parameters of battery; HDLNN is predict the electrical response of battery.
Electric vehicle (EV) emerging as an upcoming technology in both the sector of transportation and power. There are more benefits in terms of economic and environmental conditions. The most important ...factor in Electric Vehicle is charging station, which reduces a green gas effect and environment pollution. This electric charging station is also known as Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE). It consists of both the high power and low power. The high power is terminated at a fraction of second charging that can be implement in the Electric vehicle rather than the low power so, if we construct an on-road charging with the help of solar panel it will be very useful to charge at any point of time and with the help of connected batteries we can drive in off road. Remote force move technique is fused in moving the sunlight-based force from the Photo Voltaic (PV) cell to the battery utilized in the electric vehicle. Sun oriented boards are considered to assemble an independent force station, along these lines limiting its reliance on ordinary energy assets. The sun-oriented boards create electrical energy by the utilization of the light energy produced by the sun. The energy acquired from the board is taken care of to a battery, through a sunlight-based charge regulator which augments the force yield from the PV cell. The communicating coil with the receiving coil are connected wirelessly and thus the DC current is injected to the battery. Once the battery is full it automatically turned off from solar power. Thus, it results in sustainable transportation and use of Electric batteries. The charging stations are outlined and the impact of electric vehicle are also discussed.
Abstract
Introduction
Heart failure in elderly patients is associated with increasing rates of hospitalisation and readmission. The Care of Elderly department at Bradford Royal Infirmary has ...developed a virtual ward service to support patients at home on discharge from hospital. We wished to assess if patients admitted with heart failure and discharged under the virtual ward model had a reduced length of stay in hospital and if their readmission rate was altered, compared to patients not discharged under the virtual ward.
Method
A retrospective study of patients admitted under the Care of Elderly team with decompensated heart failure was undertaken. Patients admitted over 12 months were identified and assessed length of stay and readmission rates at 7 and 30 days post admission. There were no set criteria for discharge to the virtual ward, but patients were selected for virtual ward care based on; symptom burden, renal function and ongoing PT/OT support.
Results
Of the 358 patients identified in this study, 83 (23%) were discharged to the virtual ward (VW). On average patients spent 7 days (+/− 5.3) under the virtual ward service. Average length of hospital stay for VW patients was 2.3 days compared to 6.5 days for patients not discharged under the virtual ward (p < 0.0001). Of the patients discharged to the virtual ward, 8 (10%) were readmitted within 7 days and 23 (28%) were readmitted within 30 days, similar to readmission rates in patients not discharged under the virtual ward with 25 (11%) and 62 (27%) patients readmitted after 7 and 30 days respectively.
Conclusions
The use of a virtual ward service model for selected elderly patients with heart failure reduces the length of inpatient stay.
The virtual ward service model, compared to conventional care, did not increase readmission rates in our study.
Background: Alcohol abuse is one of the most common psychiatric disorders observed worldwide.
Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to assess cognitive impairment in alcohol-dependent patients, its ...correlation with neuroimaging, and compare the findings with non-alcoholics.
Materials and Methods: We have included 30 alcoholics and 30 control participants. Tools such as semi-structured pro forma, alcohol use disorder identification test score, the severity of alcohol dependence questionnaire (SADQ), and PGI memory scale (PGIMS) were used for the assessment. The measurements of the third and fourth ventricle width, interhemispheric fissure width, cerebellar transverse width, the inner diameter of the skull, anterior horn distance, and midbrain diameter were taken from a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain.
Results: There was a significant difference in remote memory, mental balance, attention and concentration, delayed recall, immediate recall, visual retention, third and fourth ventricle width, interhemispheric fissure width, and cerebral transverse length between alcoholics and non-alcoholics. Further, a correlation analysis of the PGIMS total score with MRI measurements and alcohol intake showed a significant negative correlation of PGIMS total score with third ventricle width, duration of alcohol consumption, period of alcohol dependence, the quantity of alcohol per day, and SADQ score. However, a significantly positive correlation was observed between PGIMS total score and cerebellar transverse length.
Conclusion: Alcohol-dependent patients had poor cognitive functions compared to non-alcoholics. They also had significant cerebral and cerebellar atrophy and were characterized by dilation of the third and fourth ventricles. The increase in the duration of alcohol consumption, period of alcohol dependence, and quantity of alcohol intake caused cognitive impairment independently.
Domestic violence (DV) is a pervasive social and public health issue affecting millions globally, regardless of age, gender or socioeconomic background. Understanding victim and perpetrators' ...characteristics as well as the DV injury patterns are essential for developing targeted interventions and prevention strategies. Although past DV studies have often focused on female victims, it is increasingly recognised that DV affects a significant proportion of male victims as well. This study aimed to comprehensively examine both male and female DV victims and perpetrators, as well as the anatomical regions affected in DV cases in Kuching, Sarawak, so that a deeper understanding of DV within this community can be enhanced.
This prospective, observational study was conducted from March 2021 to March 2023, involving adult DV victims aged 18 years and above admitted to the One Stop Crisis Center (OSCC) of Sarawak General Hospital. Data were collected from the OSCC clerking sheet, focusing on the victims, perpetrators and the violence characteristics.
A total of 133 DV victims were analysed, with 25.6% being male victims. Although majority of the perpetrators in cases involving male victims were male perpetrators, there was a significantly higher number of female perpetrators in these male DV cases (i.e., 5 out of 34 cases,14.7%) compared to in female DV cases (4 out of 99 cases, 4.0%) (p = 0.05). The commonest type of relationship between the victims and perpetrators was spouses or ex-spouses (56.4%). Male victims had more cases involving weapons (67.6%) compared to female victims (26.3%), p < 0.001. The most affected anatomical region was the head and neck (63.9%) region although no significant differences were observed.
The study reveals that DV affects individuals across all societal classes and income groups. Although weapons were used more frequently in male DV cases, other injury characteristics and affected anatomical regions were not significantly different between genders, suggesting female perpetrators can inflict similar injuries as male perpetrators. Subgroup analysis showed that the majority of male victims faced abuse from their children or grandchildren, hinting at hidden geriatric abuse, that should be unmasked and treated as a separate entity.
Objective. To evaluate the high‐resolution sonographic features of urinary tuberculosis. Methods. During a period of about 3 years 6 months, there were 45 patients with sonographic features of ...urinary tuberculosis that was subsequently proved by urine culture or biopsy. The clinical symptoms, urinalysis findings, sonographic features, urine smear findings, and biopsy findings were recorded. Results. The most common symptoms were dysuria and frequency of micturition. Sonographic features included parenchymal masses, cavities, mucosal thickening of the collecting system and urinary bladder, stenosis of the collecting system, a contracted urinary bladder, vesicoureteric reflux, and calcifications. The proof of tuberculosis was by urinalysis, culture, and biopsy. Conclusions. High‐resolution sonography in appropriate clinical situations is useful in diagnosis of urinary tuberculosis. The various high‐resolution sonographic findings in urinary tuberculosis are illustrated. The distinguishing features are visualization of involvement of multiple sites and multiple stages of disease in the same patient.
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