The novel coronavirus pandemic of 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly harmed numerous social and economic activities worldwide, drawing researchers and governments’ attention to the problem and ...tackling it via persistent healthcare measures. The study’s primary purpose is to examine the effects of total coronavirus cases, total fatalities, total recovered cases, unemployment, and trade openness on stock prices and economic growth in the world’s top 39 affected nations. An analysis of the coronavirus outbreaks found that wealthier countries had a well-established healthcare infrastructure, but they were disproportionately affected by the virus. Conversely, the less wealthy nations had inadequate healthcare infrastructures, but they were not as affected as the wealthier countries. Is it possible to buy health with money? That was the question at the heart of the study’s money-and-health curve. The robust least square regression results indicate that an increase in coronavirus cases influences economic growth and stock market performance due to massive healthcare funding distributed globally, sustaining economic and financial activities for a shorter period. However, a continuous increase in coronavirus fatalities depresses the stock market, resulting in financial depression worldwide. Additionally, a rise in overall coronavirus recovered cases has a negative effect on the country’s economic development and stock market performance because of greater uncertainty in economic and financial activities. Case fatality ratios influence economic growth, whereas case recovery ratios decrease economic and financial performance due to greater healthcare concerns across countries. Finally, trade openness is critical in sustaining the country’s economic development and stock market performance in the wake of the COVID-19 epidemic.
Abstract
Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) is a new type of concrete that has gained popularity in recent decades due to its high strength and durability. In this study results of M5P and random ...forest are compared to predict the compressive strength of ultra-high-performance concrete for 28 days. A total of 236 readings are taken in this investigation. Out of 236 readings 70% that is 157 readings are used in training period and the remaining 79 are used for testing period. The results of Random Forest and M5P are then compare to find which is more effective in predicting the compressive strength of Ultra High-Performance concrete. The accuracy of the model depends upon Performance evaluation parameters which are Corelation Coefficient (CC), Root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). After getting the value of coefficient of correlation, root mean square error, mean absolute error it is observed that that Random Forest is better than M5P as the values of CC, RMSE, MAE are 0.8568, 16.005 and 12.03 for testing stage respectively.
The objective of the study is to examine the impact of natural disasters on external migration, price level, poverty incidence, health expenditures, energy and environmental resources, water demand, ...financial development, and economic growth in a panel of selected Asian countries for a period of 2005–2017. The results confirm that natural disasters in the form of storm and flood largely increase migration, price level, and poverty incidence, which negatively influenced country’s economic resources, including enlarge healthcare expenditures, high energy demand, and low economic growth. The study further presented the following results: i) natural resource depletion increases external migration, ii) FDI inflows increase price level, iii) increase healthcare spending and energy demand decreases poverty headcount, iv) poverty incidence and mortality rate negatively influenced healthcare expenditures, v) industrialization increases energy demand, and vi) agriculture value added, fertilizer, and cereal yields required more water supply to produce greater yield. The study emphasized the need to magnify the intensity of natural disasters and create natural disaster mitigation unit to access the human and infrastructure cost and attempt quick recovery for global prosperity.
Drug substances and excipients must be stored in recommended storage conditions and should comply with their specifications during the retest period for their use in the manufacture of drug products. ...The ICH (International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use) and WHO (World Health Organization) regulatory guidelines mandate that after the retest period, the drug substances must be retested for compliance with the specification and then used immediately in the manufacture of the finished product. Although these substances can be retested multiple times, an emphasis is placed on immediate use following a retest and compliance with standards. The phrase “used immediately” is ambiguous and is left for interpretation. In this article, we will look at the various processes that must be completed to determine the retest date. In addition, we present a risk-based method for establishing retest dates and the time during which material can be used.
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of acquiring sexually transmitted illnesses. The gross stigmatization of homosexuality and discrimination has always affected their health-seeking ...behavior.
The study aimed to assess the magnitude of sexual health problems, factors associated, and their health-seeking behavior.
Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Agra city, Uttar Pradesh during December 2017 and November 2019 among a sample of 52 MSM. The Snowball technique of sampling was used to recruit the eligible subjects. Data were collected by interview and analyzed using MS excel.
Overall prevalence of any sexual health problem in past 1 year was 71.2%. Anal/perianal problems (26.9%) and genital/oral vesicles (26.9%) were the most commonly encountered illnesses MSM who had all their sexual encounters with men (completely homosexual), those MSM who used to play both insertive and receptive roles, had 5 or more sexual partners, used condom irregularly had significantly higher chances of having sexual health problems. Most (70.3%) MSM sought treatment for their sexual health problem from an Allopathic doctor; 29.4% took treatment from a government health facility. The majority (94.1%) of them were reportedly satisfied with the health care facility. Most (79.4%) respondents preferred not to disclose their sexual behavior during interaction with their sexual health care provider.
High prevalence of sexual health problems was found among MSM who engage in high-risk sexual behavior. MSM requires access to STIs screening. Behavior change communication is needed to improve their health-seeking behavior.
Previous research has established a positive link between prosocial behavior (PB) and psychological well-being. However, limited studies have explored the relationship between PB and well-being (WB), ...particularly among vocational students. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms, including mediating factors, remain understudied in this context. This study aimed to investigate the association between PB and WB among vocational students while examining the mediating role of basic psychological needs. A sample of 221 vocational students (mean age = 19.68 years, SD = 1.57) completed anonymous questionnaires assessing PB, basic psychological needs, and WB. The results revealed a positive correlation between PB and WB in vocational students (r = 0.22, p < 0.01), with basic psychological needs partially mediating this relationship (β = 0.14, t = 10.85, p < 0.001, 95% CI = (0.18, 0.23)). These findings enhance our understanding of the association between PB and vocational students’ WB, shed light on the mechanisms involved, and offer insights into promoting the well-being of vocational students.
The aim of this study was to investigate automated feature detection, segmentation, and quantification of common findings in periapical radiographs (PRs) by using deep learning (DL)–based computer ...vision techniques.
Caries, alveolar bone recession, and interradicular radiolucencies were labeled on 206 digital PRs by 3 specialists (2 oral pathologists and 1 endodontist). The PRs were divided into “Training and Validation” and “Test” data sets consisting of 176 and 30 PRs, respectively. Multiple transformations of image data were used as input to deep neural networks during training. Outcomes of existing and purpose-built DL architectures were compared to identify the most suitable architecture for automated analysis.
The U-Net architecture and its variant significantly outperformed Xnet and SegNet in all metrics. The overall best performing architecture on the validation data set was “U-Net+Densenet121” (mean intersection over union mIoU = 0.501; Dice coefficient = 0.569). Performance of all architectures degraded on the “Test” data set; “U-Net” delivered the best performance (mIoU = 0.402; Dice coefficient = 0.453). Interradicular radiolucencies were the most difficult to segment.
DL has potential for automated analysis of PRs but warrants further research. Among existing off-the-shelf architectures, U-Net and its variants delivered the best performance. Further performance gains can be obtained via purpose-built architectures and a larger multicentric cohort.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide,
including Pakistan. More than half of breast cancer patients have hormone-dependent breast cancer,
which is developed due to the ...over-production of estrogen (the main hormone in breast cancer).
The biosynthesis of estrogen is catalyzed by the aromatase enzyme, which thus serves as a
target for the treatment of breast cancer. During the current study, biochemical, computational, and
STD-NMR methods were employed to identify new aromatase inhibitors. A series of phenyl-3-
butene-2-one derivatives 1-9 were synthesized and evaluated for human placental aromatase inhibitory activity. Among them, four compounds 2, 3, 4, and 8 showed a moderate to weak inhibitory activity (IC50 = 22.6 - 47.9 µM), as compared to standard aromatase inhibitory drugs, letrozole (IC50 =
0.0147 ± 1.45 µM), anastrozole (IC50 = 0.0094 ± 0.91 µM), and exemestane (IC50 = 0.2 ± 0.032 µM).
Kinetic studies on two moderate inhibitors, 4 and 8, revealed a competitive- and mixed-type of inhibition, respectively.
Docking studies on all active compounds indicated their binding adjacent to the heme group
and interaction with Met374, a critical residue of aromatase. STD-NMR further highlighted the interactions of these ligands with the aromatase enzyme.
STD-NMR-based epitope mapping indicated close proximity of the alkyl chain followed by an aromatic ring with the receptor (aromatase). These compounds were also found to be
non-cytotoxic against human fibroblast cells (BJ cells). Thus, the current study has identified new
aromatase inhibitors (compounds 4, and 8) for further pre-clinical and clinical research.
In this paper, we develop an iterative algorithm whose architecture comprises a modified version of the forward–backward splitting algorithm and the hybrid shrinking projection algorithm. We provide ...theoretical results concerning weak and strong convergence of the proposed algorithm towards a common solution of the fixed point problem associated to a finite family of demicontractive operators, the split equilibrium problem and the monotone inclusion problem in Hilbert spaces. Moreover, we compute a numerical experiment to show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. As a consequence, our results improve various existing results in the current literature.
This paper provides iterative construction of a common solution associated with the classes of equilibrium problems (EP) and split convex feasibility problems. In particular, we are interested in the ...EP defined with respect to the pseudomonotone bifunction, the fixed point problem (FPP) for a finite family of
-demicontractive operators, and the split null point problem. From the numerical standpoint, combining various classical iterative algorithms to study two or more abstract problems is a fascinating field of research. We, therefore, propose an iterative algorithm that combines the parallel hybrid extragradient algorithm with the inertial extrapolation technique. The analysis of the proposed algorithm comprises theoretical results concerning strong convergence under a suitable set of constraints and numerical results.
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