Introduction:
A traumatic event is an extremely threatening and frightening experience in an individual's life. Children who are exposed to traumatic events are twice as likely to develop a mental ...disorder. Screening can provide insight into the traumatic experience of children, identifying those eligible for further evaluation, and support. With this aim, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the Lifetime Incidence of Traumatic Events questionnaire (LITE) in Slovene by calculating retest reliabilty, construct validity (cross-informant agreement) and external validity, where we calculated the correlation of the number of differenet traumatic events with psychopathological symptoms.
Methods:
280 child-parent pairs (children aged 11.3 ± 2.2 years) from various Slovenian primary schools participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: 180 healthy primary school students and 100 children with Type 1 Diabetes (our study was a part of a larger study
The Influence of Psychobiological Adversity on Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Study
). Two versions of the LITE questionnaire were used. Children completed the child report (LITE-S) and parents the parent report (LITE-P) version. After 4 weeks, 117 children, and 114 parents filled out the LITEs again. External validity was assessed using the Youth Self Report and Child Behaviour Checklist syndrome-oriented scales.
Results:
Retest reliability for individual scales was
r
= 0.469–0.639 (ρ = 0.443–0.636;
p
< 0.001), but higher for individual items (κ = 0.263–0.821;
p
< 0.001). Correlations between reports from parents and children were
r
= 0.313–0.345 (ρ = 0.317–0.348;
p
< 0.001). The number of different events experienced by children correlated significantly with the measured depressive—anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.
Conclusions:
Based on our results, the LITE-S and LITE-P “All events” scale have acceptable psychometric properties for use in research and in clinical practise screening. We recommend looking at single items, taking into consideration the responses from both the child and the parent for more precise information. To improve the precision of the psychodiagnostic capacity of the questionnaire, further research on various populations should be performed.
Background/Objective:
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is among the most common chronic diseases in children/adolescents, and the incidence continues to rise worldwide. Different environmental factors have been ...evaluated in the etiology. In the present study, we investigated the role of attachment examining whether insecure attachment to carers or carers' own attachment insecurity was related to a higher risk of T1D in children.
Methods:
We included 101 children with T1D (mean age 11.8 years), 106 healthy controls (11.6 years), and one of their carers. We assessed children's attachment using the Child Attachment Interview and carers' attachment using the Relationship Structures Questionnaire. We constructed binary multinomial logistic regression models using attachment to mothers, carers' attachment representations, and stressful life-events as T1D predictors.
Results:
Higher carer attachment anxiety was associated with the child's T1D diagnosis (
p
< 0.05;
R
2
= 0.0613) while security of attachment to mothers showed no significant association. When mothers' education was included in the model, both attachment anxiety in higher educated mothers and stressful life events showed a significant association with the child's T1D (
p
< 0.001;
R
2
= 0.293).
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that higher attachment-related anxiety in carers with high education and stressful life events are associated with T1D in children.
Introduction:
Adolescent and children obesity is a growing concern worldwide. Bariatric surgery is used as an effective treatment for adolescents with obesity and provides physical and mental health ...benefits. Application of alternative, minimally invasive, safe, and reversible endoscopic procedures, such as the Duodenojejunal bypass liner (DJBL), has been recently suggested as an effective treatment for adolescents with obesity. We explored specific psychological outcomes of adolescents with obesity during a year of follow-up after undergoing a reversible endoscopic bariatric procedure, and a year after removal. We were also interested in identifying psychological factors that could predict successful weight loss after the procedure.
Methods:
Nineteen adolescent with severe obesity undergoing DJBL procedure were psychologically assessed in an open-label, prospective clinical trial (NTC0218393), at the implantation of device and at the removal of device after 12 months. Control group of 26 adolescents with severe obesity were recruited from the same outpatient clinic undergoing only conservative treatment. In addition, adolescents from the intervention group were followed for 12 months after the removal of the device. The Youth Self Report (YSR) was used to assess adolescents' emotional and behavioural problems; The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) to assess body image and The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) to assess attitudes and behaviours related to eating disorder.
Results:
Significant improvements in somatic complain (
F
= 12.478,
p
= 0.001), emotional and behavioural problems (
F
= 7.169,
p
= 0.011) and food restraining (
F
= 9.605,
p
= 0.004) were found in the intervention group at device removal compared to the control group. Moreover, at the time of device removal compared to baseline, improvements in several psychological outcomes were found (
F
= 32.178
p
= 0.000 for emotional and behavioural problems). Adolescents also became more satisfied with their appearance (
F
= 6.789,
p
= 0.019). Majority of observed changes remained stable at the next follow up a year after the device removal. Significant predictors of successful weight loss at device removal were fewer overeating episodes (
B
= 0.147,
p
= 0.022) and lower body satisfaction (
B
= 0.932,
p
= 0.013).
Discussion:
Following a reversible bariatric procedure, improvements of psychological (emotional and behavioural) factors were found in adolescents with severe obesity. Psychological predictors of successful weight loss were identified, showing the greatest importance of eating behaviour and body satisfaction in successful weight loss.
This study explored the association between parental fear of hypoglycemia, anxiety, and subjective well-being in parents of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. A total of 120 mothers and ...79 fathers participated. Mothers’ and fathers’ fear of hypoglycemia was significantly associated with anxiety and negative affect as well as with worse glycemic control in child. Paired-samples t-test showed that mothers were more involved in diabetes management and reported more fear and anxiety compared to fathers, but they did not differ in worries about hypoglycemia. The findings suggest screening for fear of hypoglycemia and subjective well-being in all parents regardless of whether their child experienced severe hypoglycemia.
The etymology of laz Simona Klemenčič
Slovenski jezik (Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti. Znanstvenoraziskovalni center),
03/2019, Volume:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Proto-Slavic *lzъ lza m. ‛(fallow) field or meadow created where there used to be forest’ is explained as derived from Proto-Indo-European *lo-ós, the o-grade form of *le- with Balto-Slavic ...lengthening according to Winter’s law. The Proto-IndoEuropean root *le- ‛wind, bend’ might have also developed into Proto-Slavic *lězti, *loza, and*lěsъ.
Background Our aim was to determine whether child attachment to parents, parent attachment style, and morning cortisol levels were related to diabetes outcomes measured by average glycated hemoglobin ...(HbA1c), HbA1c variability over 4 years and time in range (TIR) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Research design and methods 101 children with T1D and one of their parents were assessed at baseline for child attachment (Child Attachment Interview; CAI) and parent attachment (Relationship Structures Questionnaire; ECR-RS). Serum samples were collected for cortisol measurements before the interviews. HbA1c levels were measured during a 4-year follow-up period at regular 3-monthly visits, and data for TIR were exported from blood glucose measuring devices. Multivariate linear regression models were constructed to identify independent predictors of glycemic outcomes. Results More girls than boys exhibited secure attachment to their mothers. The results of the regression models showed that securely attached girls (CAI) had higher average HbA1c than did insecurely attached girls (B = -0.64, p = 0.03). In boys, the more insecure the parent's attachment style, the worse the child's glycemic outcome: the higher the average Hb1Ac (B = 0.51, p = 0.005), the higher the HbA1c variability (B = 0.017, p = 0.011), and the lower the TIR (B = -8.543, p = 0.002). Conclusions Attachment in close relationships is associated with glycemic outcomes in children with T1D, and we observed significant differences between sexes. A sex- and attachment-specific approach is recommended when treating children with less favorable glycemic outcomes. Special attention and tailored support should be offered to securely attached girls in transferring responsibility for diabetes care and at least to male children of insecurely attached parents to prevent suboptimal glycemic control. Further studies in larger samples and more daily cortisol measurements may help us better understand the links between stress response, attachment and T1D. Keywords: Attachment, Childhood and adolescence, Diabetes control, Time in range, Cortisol
The etymology of laz Klemencic, Simona
Slovenski jezik (Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti. Znanstvenoraziskovalni center),
2015, Volume:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Proto-Slavic *lazъ, *lězti, *loza, and *lěsъ are explained as derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leg’ ‛wind, bend’ through a closer look at the two origins of Proto-Slavic *lazъ and *lazь ...‛(fallow) field or meadow created in place of a cut or burned forest’ and ‛narrow passage’, ‛opening, gate in a fence’.
Purpose
To determine the impact of advanced hybrid closed - loop (AHCL) insulin delivery on quality of life, metabolic control and time in range (TIR) in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
...Methods
Twenty-four children and adolescents with T1DM (14 female) aged of 10 to 18 years participated in the study. Mixed methods study design was implemented. Quantitative part of the study was conducted as a longitudinal crossover study with data collection before and at the end of AHCL use. Qualitative data were obtained with modeled interviews of four focus groups before and the end of the period. Clinical data were collected from the electronic medical records.
Results
The use of AHCL significantly improved the quality of life in terms of decreased fear of hypoglycemia (p<0.001), decrease in diabetes-related emotional distress (p<0.001), and increased wellbeing (p=0.003). The mean A1C decreased from 8.55 ± 1.34% (69.9 ± 12.3 mmol/mol) to 7.73 ± 0.42 (61.1 ± 2.2 mmol/mol) (p=0.002) at the end of the study. Mean TIR was 68.22% (± 13.89) before and 78.26 (± 6.29) % (p<0.001) at the end of the study.
Conclusion
The use of advanced hybrid closed loop significantly improved the quality of life and metabolic control in children and adolescents with T1DM.
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