We present an update of the global fit of the Standard Model electroweak sector to latest experimental results. We include new kinematic top quark and
W
boson mass measurements from the LHC, a
sin
2
...θ
eff
ℓ
result from the Tevatron, and a new evaluation of the hadronic contribution to
α
(
M
Z
2
)
. We present tests of the internal consistency of the electroweak Standard Model and updated numerical predictions of key observables. The electroweak data combined with measurements of the Higgs boson coupling strengths and flavour physics observables are used to constrain parameters of two-Higgs-doublet models.
For a long time, global fits of the electroweak sector of the standard model (SM) have been used to exploit measurements of electroweak precision observables at lepton colliders (LEP, SLC), together ...with measurements at hadron colliders (Tevatron, LHC) and accurate theoretical predictions at multi-loop level, to constrain free parameters of the SM, such as the Higgs and top masses. Today, all fundamental SM parameters entering these fits are experimentally determined, including information on the Higgs couplings, and the global fits are used as powerful tools to assess the validity of the theory and to constrain scenarios for new physics. Future measurements at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the International Linear Collider (ILC) promise to improve the experimental precision of key observables used in the fits. This paper presents updated electroweak fit results using the latest NNLO theoretical predictions and prospects for the LHC and ILC. The impact of experimental and theoretical uncertainties is analysed in detail. We compare constraints from the electroweak fit on the Higgs couplings with direct LHC measurements, and we examine present and future prospects of these constraints using a model with modified couplings of the Higgs boson to fermions and bosons.
In view of the discovery of a new boson by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations at the LHC, we present an update of the global Standard Model (SM) fit to electroweak precision data. Assuming the new ...particle to be the SM Higgs boson, all fundamental parameters of the SM are known allowing, for the first time, to overconstrain the SM at the electroweak scale and assert its validity. Including the effects of radiative corrections and the experimental and theoretical uncertainties, the global fit exhibits a
p
-value of 0.07. The mass measurements by ATLAS and CMS agree within 1.3
σ
with the indirect determination
. Within the SM the
W
boson mass and the effective weak mixing angle can be accurately predicted to be
M
W
=80.359±0.011 GeV and
from the global fit. These results are compatible with, and exceed in precision, the direct measurements. For the indirect determination of the top quark mass we find
, in agreement with the kinematic and cross-section-based measurements.
A new algorithm for the identification of boosted, hadronically decaying, heavy particles at the LHC is presented. The algorithm is based on the known procedure of jet clustering with variable ...distance parameter
R
and adapts the jet size to its transverse momentum
p
T
. Subjets are found using a mass jump condition. The resulting algorithm – called Heavy Object Tagger with Variable
R
(HOTVR) – features little algorithmic complexity and combines jet clustering, subjet finding and rejection of soft clusters in one sequence. While the HOTVR algorithm can be used for the identification of any heavy object decaying hadronically, e.g. W, Z, H, t, or possible new heavy resonances, this paper targets specifically the tagging of boosted top quarks. The studies presented here demonstrate a stable performance of the HOTVR algorithm in a wide range of top quark
p
T
, from low
p
T
, where the decay products can be resolved, to the region of boosted decays at high
p
T
.
► High temperature annealing leads to phase transformation of oxide particles. ► Radiation induced hardening is stronger in heat treated HT-ODS materials. ► Hardness increase for simultaneous ...irradiation is larger than sequential irradiation. ► Helium filled cavities observed in a close surface area in irradiated samples.
Nanostructured ferritic oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys contain a high density of Y–Al–Ti–O nanoparticles, high dislocation densities and fine grains. Structural analysis with HRTEM shows that the composition of the initial Y2O3 oxide is modified to perovskite YAlO3 (YAP), Y2Al5O12 garnet (YAG) and Y4Al2O9 monoclinic (YAM) particles. Irradiation of these alloys was performed with a dual beam implantation of 2.5MeV Fe+ and 350keV He+, either simultaneously or sequentially. Additionally, the He+ concentration was varied between 18 and 72appm/dpa. Irradiation causes atomic displacements resulting in vacancy and self-interstitial lattice defects and dislocation loops. A clear hardness increase in the irradiated area is observed by nanoindentation in every ion implantation regime. Hardness ratios of irradiated relative to non-irradiated ODS materials and the appearance of hardness maxima close to the surface region are discussed in detail. The irradiation induced hardening effect is stronger for a heat treated HT-ODS alloy than for an as-received one. The large difference in the hardness data of as-received ODS for simultaneous and sequential implantation can be explained by point defect recombination at dislocations and grain boundaries occurring for sequential irradiation.
The Austrian Case C-347/14, New Media Online v. Bundeskommunikationssenat, of October 2015 gave the Court of Justice of the European Union the opportunity to clarify whether the video content of a ...newspaper website is covered by the European Union (EU) audiovisual media services directive (AVMSD). Advocate General Szpunar explained what was, in his view, the EU legislature’s alleged intention underlying the Directive’s definition of an audiovisual media service. The Court was not convinced by his argument and instead unambiguously concurred with the two Austrian regulatory authorities: not only films and broadcasts of long duration are governed by the AVMSD but also shorter forms of moving image material, even when these are part of a newspaper’s online offering. Assuming that this decision will significantly influence the European Commission’s plans for a ‘new’ Directive, what are the implications for a new media framework for the 21st century?
Data from high-energy physics experiments are collected with significant financial and human effort and are mostly unique. However, until recently no coherent strategy existed for data preservation ...and re-use, and many important and complex data sets have simply been lost. While the current focus is on the LHC at CERN, in the current period several important and unique experimental programs at other facilities are coming to an end, including those at HERA, b-factories and the Tevatron. To address this issue, an inter-experimental study group on HEP data preservation and long-term analysis (DPHEP) was convened at the end of 2008. The group now aims to publish a full and detailed review of the present status of data preservation in high energy physics. This contribution summarises the results of the DPHEP study group, describing the challenges of data preservation in high energy physics and the group's first conclusions and recommendations. The physics motivation for data preservation, generic computing and preservation models, technological expectations and governance aspects at local and international levels are examined.
These days, especially in organic piglet production, it is necessary to reduce the production costs to be competitive on the market. A large proportion of the production costs are caused by labor and ...construction costs to ensure a high level of animal welfare. The farrowing pen of Wels, currently existing in prototype form, was designed to fulfill organic farming requirements, improve animal welfare, and minimize the costs for construction and labor. The housing system is characterized by four separate functional areas: the lying area, the excretion and moving area, the feeding area for the sow, and a piglet nest. To identify the working time requirements of routine and special tasks, a time study, based on the work element method and an electronic time recording system (ortim b3) (a Pocket PC with time recording software), was conducted. The influencing variables and the time measurements were collected by directly observing work processes in the farrowing unit, which had 5 farrowing pens, over a period of 21 days at the “LFZ Raumberg Gumpenstein.” The data were descriptive and statistically analyzed to obtain planning data on the element basis. The time requirement was modeled according to the related task and in total over the suckling period. The routine tasks consisted in transporting the feed to the pen, feeding the sows, monitoring the sows and piglets, mucking out the dung corridor with a tractor and sprinkling straw in it, as well as filling up the hay rack. The labor input was 3.99 AKmin per sow and day in total. The special tasks included inoculating the piglets, marking with ear tags, castrating the male piglets, cleaning the whole pen and the dung corridor, and preparing the farrowing pen for the next sows. Special work required 25.9 MPmin per sow over the keeping period of 21 days. The total working time requirements over the period of 21 days were 1.82 MPh per sow. Overall, the farrowing pen of Wels has low time requirements and can be seen as a good alternative to the existing organic pens.
•FSSW has successfully been used in the welding of dissimilar materials.•The irradiation causes different degrees of hardening in the welding zones.•The formation of He bubbles at precipitates was ...found in the dissimilar joints.•The hardening effect is due to formation of He-filled vacancies.
Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is an advanced technique for the joining of materials to prevent agglomeration of fine oxide particles, grain coarsening, and stress corrosion cracking etc. In this study, the dissimilar FSSW joint of stainless steel 430/ODS was irradiated with a Fe+/He+ dual ion beam. Irradiation damage can cause deterioration in the mechanical properties especially in the welding zones. The joint quality therefore plays a decisive role in the life expectancy of nuclear reactors. The effect of irradiation on different zones in the joint (the thermo-mechanically affected zone, the heat affected zone and the base material) was investigated by TEM and nanoindentation. Irradiation causes a hardness increase in all welding zones with a characteristic hardness maximum. The relative hardness increase and the related microstructure are discussed. The formation of He bubbles at chromium carbide precipitates and the homogeneous distribution of He filled vacancies in the mixture region of the 430/ODS FSSW joints was observed.
Cross sections for elastic and proton-dissociative photoproduction of
J
/
ψ
mesons are measured with the H1 detector in positron-proton collisions at HERA. The data were collected at
ep
...centre-of-mass energies
and
, corresponding to integrated luminosities of
and
, respectively. The cross sections are measured as a function of the photon-proton centre-of-mass energy in the range 25<
W
γp
<110 GeV. Differential cross sections d
σ
/d
t
, where
t
is the squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex, are measured in the range |
t
|<1.2 GeV
2
for the elastic process and |
t
|<8 GeV
2
for proton dissociation. The results are compared to other measurements. The
W
γp
and
t
-dependences are parametrised using phenomenological fits.
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