The objective of this paper is to substantiate the method of construction and design parameters of explosion-proof stoppings for the quick and safe remote sealing-off of the sources of complex fires ...and explosions in coal mines. A new method was designed for the remote erection of explosion-proof stoppings in mine workings and a mathematical model of mass transfer through the body of a stopping made of discrete material. Tactics were improved for the containment of underground fires and explosions due to rapid remote erection of explosion-proof stoppings. The technology of the quick erection of stoppings made of rocks crushed by an explosion for sealing-off of the emergency sections of the mine has been proposed. A computational model and a method for calculating the parameters of explosion-proof stoppings erected by the method of directed explosion have been created. The results of the calculations open the possibility to prepare the means of containment of dust explosions in advance and to improve the tactics of safe containment of explosions and fires.
The article identifies three main stages of supervision of and control over insurance activities as the main direction in regulation of insurance companies: preliminary, current and final one. It is ...noted that the dominant area of external financial control is supervision of the solvency of insurance companies, assigned to the National Commission for the State Regulation of Financial Services Markets. The world practice distinguishes three types of supervision of insurers’ activities: licensing supervision, prudential supervision and business supervision. Prudential aspects of insurance regulation involve supervising the financial condition and professionalism of insurers. Business supervision is aimed at regulating relationships between the insurer and the insured, advertising the existing and new insurance products. The necessity of monitoring such important aspects as formation of insurance tariffs and development of typical forms of policies (the implementation of financial control) is emphasized. The article emphasizes the importance of using indirect methods for stimulating the development of insurance business by the state: ensuring the stability of legislation; forming insurance interest; improving the effectiveness of the state supervision system; providing availability of a guarantee system; ensuring presence of insurance competition; increasing the effectiveness of the insurance market infrastructure; intensifying investment activity; attracting foreign insurers to the market; promoting solvent demand for insurance services.
The aim of the study was to analyze the prospects for further improvement of electronic settlements, digitalization of non-cash payments in business in the international and Ukrainian markets of ...payment services, information and accounting support of electronic settlements and development of proposals for their improvement. The study used the historical method to periodize the development of electronic computer technology in the field of electronic settlements and electronic settlements; comparative analysis - to establish the degree of digitalization of non-cash payments in Ukraine, other countries and continents; method of scientific abstraction, statistical and logical methods - for generalization and registration of electronic calculations, their documentation and display in the accounting and information system of the enterprise. As a result of research, the definition of electronic settlements was clarified and it was proposed to introduce the concept of "electronic settlements" in accounting terminology. The genesis of the introduction and development of electronic settlements between business partners is studied. Possible formats of electronic settlements between market participants are substantiated. Options for e-commerce and settlements in the form of separate blocks are presented, each of which differs in a special way of making electronic settlements and registration of transactions in the accounting system. The use of unified forms of standard documents is proposed, which would serve as a legal basis for making entries in the system of accounting and reporting. The practical implementation of these recommendations will allow businesses to choose a profitable option for electronic settlements and display electronic settlements in the accounting and reporting system. Further research requires a procedure for documentary or undocumented confirmation of electronic settlements and electronic settlements.
Purpose. The purpose of this article is to study the conditions for achieving high results of operational actions of rescue services and quality management, which will allow timely and correct choice ...of methods, forces and means of firefighting in coal mines and carry out operational maneuvers depending on the type of fire (exogenous, endogenous). places of origin of combustion centers, its scale, gas situation, number of people captured by the accident and their places of residence, etc.
Methodology. During the research, to solve the tasks, the complex used general and special methods, in particular: methods of induction (at the stage of collecting, systematizing and processing information for research) and deduction (in the process of theoretical understanding of the problem), system-analytical , comparative analysis, method of analysis of definitions; economic analysis, possibilities of economic cybernetics and the theory of optimal management in the development of tactics for mining operations, etc.
Findings. Economic and mathematical model of rational rescue operations in firefighting differs in that for the first time their management is considered as an economic category, and the process of emergency response and their consequences is presented as an extreme (optimization) problem, which is solved using computational experiments and engineering analysis. An algorithm for solving the extreme problem of optimizing the forces and means of rescue units, based on the fact that the arguments of integral objective functions are not control parameters, but related to the latter determined mathematical model. Methods of calculations in mining, including those used to ensure optimal organization of rescue operations, need to be improved to improve accuracy and simplify their algorithmization in order to reduce the share of manual calculations in mathematical models.
Originality. For the first time, on the basis of general methodical provisions of the theory of optimal management integrated quality criteria and on their basis economic and mathematical model of rational conducting of rescue works on liquidation of difficult underground fires are developed.
Practical implications. Economic and mathematical model of rational rescue operations will allow timely and correct selection of methods, forces and means of fire fighting in coal mines, minimize economic losses, increase the efficiency and safety of emergency response.
Keywords: accident, coal mine, mining works, integrated quality criteria, fire, economic-mathematical model.
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