We study the faint stellar halo of isolated central galaxies, by stacking galaxy images in the HSC survey and accounting for the residual sky background sampled with random points. The surface ...brightness profiles in HSC r band are measured for a wide range of galaxy stellar masses (9.2 < log10M*/M⊙ < 11.4) and out to 120 kpc. Failing to account for the stellar halo below the noise level of individual images will lead to underestimates of the total luminosity by ≤15%. Splitting galaxies according to the concentration parameter of their light distributions, we find that the surface brightness profiles of low-concentration galaxies drop faster between 20 and 100 kpc than those of high-concentration galaxies. Albeit the large galaxy-to-galaxy scatter, we find a strong self-similarity of the stellar halo profiles. They show unified forms once the projected distance is scaled by the halo virial radius. The colour of galaxies is redder in the centre and bluer outside, with high-concentration galaxies having redder and more flattened colour profiles. There are indications of a colour minimum, beyond which the colour of the outer stellar halo turns red again. This colour minimum, however, is very sensitive to the completeness in masking satellite galaxies. We also examine the effect of the extended PSF in the measurement of the stellar halo, which is particularly important for low-mass or low-concentration galaxies. The PSF-corrected surface brightness profile can be measured down to ~31 magarcsec-2 at 3σ significance. PSF also slightly flattens the measured colour profiles.
An increased risk of mortality in patients with hyperuricemia has been reported. We examined (1) the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in untreated hyperuricemic patients ...who did not receive urate-lowering therapy (ULT), and (2) the impact of ULT on mortality risk in patients with hyperuricemia.
In this retrospective case-matched cohort study during a mean follow-up of 6.4 years, 40,118 Taiwanese individuals aged ≥17 years who had never used ULT and who had never had gout were examined. The mortality rate was compared between 3,088 hyperuricemic patients who did not receive ULT and reference subjects (no hyperuricemia, no gout, no ULT) matched for age and sex (1:3 hyperuricemic patients/reference subjects), and between 1,024 hyperuricemic patients who received ULT and 1,024 hyperuricemic patients who did not receive ULT (matched 1:1 based on their propensity score and the index date of ULT prescription). Cox proportional hazard modeling was used to estimate the respective risk of all-cause and CVD (ICD-9 code 390-459) mortality.
After adjustment, hyperuricemic patients who did not receive ULT had increased risks of all-cause (hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.97-1.59) and CVD (2.13; 1.34-3.39) mortality relative to the matched reference subjects. Hyperuricemic patients treated with ULT had a lower risk of all-cause death (0.60; 0.41-0.88) relative to hyperuricemic patients who did not receive ULT.
Under-treatment of hyperuricemia has serious negative consequences. Hyperuricemic patients who received ULT had potentially better survival than patients who did not.
2‐Aminobenzothiazoles are widely used in the fields of pharmaceuticals and pesticides. Herein, we report a metal‐free protocol for the preparation of 2‐aminobenzothiazoles by a covalent organic ...framework (COF) catalyzed tandem reaction. In the presence of catalytic amount of phenanthroline‐decorated COF (Phen‐COF), a variety of 2‐aminobenzothiazoles are obtained in excellent yields by the cross‐coupling of 2‐iodoanilines with isothiocyanates at room temperature in water. In addition, the COF‐catalyst is very stable and can be reused at least seven times without loss of its catalytic activity.
A phenanthroline‐decorated covalent organic framework, which can highly promote room‐temperature synthesis of 2‐aminobenzothiazoles by cross‐coupling of 2‐iodoanilines with isothiocyanates in water, is reported.
•A UHPLC-HRMS method was developed to screen and quantitate pesticides in honeysuckle.•Four acquisitions were evaluated with Full MS/ddMS2 considered the optimal workflow.•An in-house compound ...database was developed for 569 pesticides.•The method was validated and used to analyze pesticide residues in commercial samples.
A method for both qualitative screening and quantitative determination of 569 pesticides in honeysuckle was developed based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to quadrupole-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry and an in-house executable compound database involving the theoretical masses of precursor and fragment ions and retention times. Different workflows were evaluated, validated and compared including Full MS-SIM, Full MS/ddMS2, Full MS/AIF and Full MS/DIA. For qualitative analysis, Full MS/DIA showed relatively low screening detection limits (SDLs) for most pesticides, but its MS2 identification seemed to be not reliable enough. Full MS/ddMS2 showed good repeatability of fragment ion recognition and less false positives. For quantitative analysis, the results of four workflows were comparable in terms of linearity and trueness, while Full MS-SIM and Full MS/ddMS2 gave better precision than the other two workflows for most pesticides at the spiking level of 0.01 mg/kg. Therefore, UHPLC-Full MS/ddMS2 was considered as the optimal workflow for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of honeysuckle samples. Pesticides were present in 75 of the 82 investigated samples, with concentrations ranging from 10.0 to 4116.9 μg/kg in some of the most severely contaminated samples.
Enhanced glycolysis is a main feature of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and is proposed to be important for the maintenance and induction of pluripotency. The molecular mechanism underlying enhanced ...glycolysis in PSCs is not clear. Using Dgcr8−/− mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) that lack mature miRNAs, we found that miR‐290 cluster of miRNAs stimulates glycolysis by upregulating glycolytic enzymes Pkm2 and Ldha, which are also essential for the induction of pluripotency during reprogramming. Mechanistically, we identified Mbd2, a reader for methylated CpGs, as the target of miR‐290 cluster that represses glycolysis and reprogramming. Furthermore, we discovered Myc as a key target of Mbd2 that controls metabolic switch in ESCs. Importantly, we demonstrated that miR‐371 cluster, a human homolog of miR‐290 cluster, stimulates glycolysis to promote the reprogramming of human fibroblasts. Hence, we identified a previously unappreciated mechanism by which miR‐290/371 miRNAs orchestrate epigenetic, transcriptional and metabolic networks to promote pluripotency in PSCs and during reprogramming.
Synopsis
New data reveal a miRNA‐Mbd2‐Myc network that directly controls metabolic enzymes to govern stem cell metabolism and pluripotency.
miR‐290 cluster stimulates glycolytic metabolism to promote pluripotency.
miR‐290 cluster targets Mbd2 that represses glycolysis and reprogramming.
Mbd2 suppresses Myc that is critical for metabolic switch in ESCs.
miR‐371 cluster stimulates glycolysis to promote human somatic cell reprogramming.
New data reveal a miRNA‐Mbd2‐Myc network that directly controls metabolic enzymes to govern stem cell metabolism and pluripotency.
Isodon amethystoides (Benth.) Hara (IA) tea is a commonly used dietetic Chinese herb and employed for the treatments of tumor and lung abscess. To assess chemical composition and antioxidant capacity ...of IA leaves extract, a UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS method and antioxidant tests were used, respectively. 17 compounds were identified including Vinyl caffeate (1), 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), Rutin (3), Quercetin (4), Loliolide (5), Caffeic acid (6), Rubesanolide D (7), Isorhamnetin (8), Lambertic acid (9), 6, 7-Dehydroroyleanone (10), Dihydrorabdokunmin C (11), Nervosin (12), Quercitrin (13), Vitexin (14), β-sitosterol (15), Wangzaozin A (16), Amethystonoic acid (17). Among these, 1–14 compounds were novel and have not been reported ever before in IA while component 10 was a novel finding within this genus. Flavonoid components showed better free radical scavenging ability and profound correlation was observed between diterpenoid compounds content and flavonoids activity. Our results provide experimental basis for extraction and separation of chemical constituents of IA which are antioxidant in nature.
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∙17 compounds were identified from Isodon amethystoides (Benth.) Hara tea extract.∙14 compounds were reported for the first time in Isodon amethystoides (Benth.) Hara.∙6, 7-Dehydroroyleanone was reported for the first time within Isodon amethystoides genus.∙Flavonoids and diterpenoids components indicating a better free radical scavenging ability in Isodon amethystoides (Benth.) Hara tea.
Abstract
We present findings of the detection of Magnesium II (Mg
ii
,
λ
= 2796, 2803 Å) absorbers from the early data release of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). DESI is projected to ...obtain spectroscopy of approximately 3 million quasars (QSOs), of which over 99% are anticipated to be at redshifts greater than
z
> 0.3, such that DESI would be able to observe an associated or intervening Mg
ii
absorber illuminated by the background QSO. We have developed an autonomous supplementary spectral pipeline that detects these systems through an initial line-fitting process and then confirms the line properties using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampler. Based upon a visual inspection of the resulting systems, we estimate that this sample has a purity greater than 99%. We have also investigated the completeness of our sample in regard to both the signal-to-noise properties of the input spectra and the rest-frame equivalent width (
W
0
) of the absorber systems. From a parent catalog containing 83,207 quasars, we detect a total of 23,921 Mg
ii
absorption systems following a series of quality cuts. Extrapolating from this occurrence rate of 28.8% implies a catalog at the completion of the five-year DESI survey that will contain over eight hundred thousand Mg
ii
absorbers. The cataloging of these systems will enable significant further research because they carry information regarding circumgalactic medium environments, the distribution of intervening galaxies, and the growth of metallicity across the redshift range 0.3 ≤
z
< 2.5.
Development and evaluation of the effectiveness of a Nurse Navigation programme based on Noddings' Care theory on two dependent variables which were professional identity and career planning among ...first-year undergraduate nursing students.
First-year undergraduate nursing students generally have a low sense of professional identity and career planning, resulting in a loss of nursing power after graduation. Implemention of a Nurse Navigation program based on Noddings' Care theory may be potentially useful in cultivating their professional identity and career planning.
A quasi-experimental study.
A convenience sample of 122 first-year undergraduate nursing students from two medical universities was recruited between September 2021 and June 2022. Students in the experimental group (n = 63) participated in the Nurse Navigation programme based on Noddings' Care theory, which contained four core components, spreading over 50 lessons. Those in the control group (n = 59) underwent a traditional training programme with five components across 44 lessons. The two groups were compared in terms of their level of professional identity by Professional identity questionnaire for nurse students (PIQNS) and career planning by Career planning questionnaire (CPQ) after the training using the t-test.
The mean score of professional identity in the experimental group increased significantly from 51.02 ± 8.46 at baseline to 58.02 ± 8.81 after the intervention (p < 0.001), with a large effect size (Cohen's d=0.810). Also, this post-intervention score was statistically significantly higher than that (52.86 ± 9.27) in the control group (p = 0.002), with a medium effect size (Cohen's d=0.571). The mean score of career planning in the experimental group increased significantly from 81.76 ± 9.86 at baseline to 94.52 ± 10.81 after the intervention (p < 0.001), with a large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.233). Also, this post-intervention score was statistically significantly higher than that (88.25 ± 9.30) in the control group (p < 0.001), with a medium effect size (Cohen's d=0.623).
The Nurse Navigation programme based on Noddings' Care theory showed effectiveness in enhancing professional identity and career planning among first-year undergraduate nursing students in China. Further rigorous studies are needed to examine its effectiveness and long-term impacts on these students.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the aggressive molecular type of breast carcinoma, with a high metastasis/relapse incidence and cancer-related death rate, due to lack of specific therapeutic ...targets in the clinic. Exploring potential therapeutic targets or developing novel therapeutic strategies are the focus of intense research to improve the survival and life quality of patients with TNBC. The current study focused on drugs targeting the mTOR signaling pathway by investigating the potential utilization of itraconazole (ITZ) combined with rapamycin in the treatment of TNBC. CCK-8, colony formation and transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the effect of ITZ with rapamycin in combination on MDA-MB-231 and BT-549 TNBC cells. Synergistic inhibition was found in terms of proliferation and motility of TNBC cells. However, apoptosis was not enhanced by the combined treatment of ITZ and rapamycin. Flow cytometry analysis showed that ITZ and/or rapamycin arrested cells in G0/G1 phase and prevented G1/S phase transition. Reduced cyclin D1 protein levels were consistent with G0/G1 phase arrest, especially when resulting from the combination of ITZ with rapamycin. In conclusion, the combination of ITZ with rapamycin is a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with TNBC through synergistically arresting cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, rather than inducing apoptosis.
Phytoextraction is an environmentally friendly phytoremediation technology that can reduce the total amount of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil. Hyperaccumulators or hyperaccumulating transgenic plants ...with biomass are important biomaterials for phytoextraction. In this study, we show that three different HM transporters from the hyperaccumulator Sedum pumbizincicola, SpHMA2, SpHMA3, and SpNramp6, possess Cd transport. These three transporters are located at the plasma membrane, tonoplast, and plasma membrane, respectively. Their transcripts could be strongly stimulated by multiple HMs treatments. To create potential biomaterials for phytoextraction, we overexpressed the three single genes and two combining genes, SpHMA2&SpHMA3 and SpHMA2&SpNramp6, in rapes having high biomass and environmental adaptability, and found that the aerial parts of the SpHMA2-OE3 and SpHMA2&SpNramp6-OE4 lines accumulated more Cd from single Cd-contaminated soil because SpNramp6 transports Cd from root cells to the xylem and SpHMA2 from the stems to the leaves. However, the accumulation of each HM in the aerial parts of all selected transgenic rapes was strengthened in multiple HMs-contaminated soils, probably due to the synergistic transport. The HMs residuals in the soil after the transgenic plant phytoremediation were also greatly reduced. These results provide effective solutions for phytoextraction in both Cd and multiple HMs-contaminated soils.
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•Transgenic rapes to remediate heavy-metal contaminated soil were created.•Sedum SpHMA2, SpHMA3, and SpNramp6 responded to Cd, Pb, Cu, Mn, and Zn stress.•Transgenic SpHMA2 and SpHMA2&SpNramp6 rapes accumulated more Cd in shoots.•The synergistic transport of multiple HMs to shoots appeared in transgenic rapes.•The transport mechanism of SpHMA2, SpHMA3, and SpNramp6 was deduced.
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