A mixed-conducting Ba
0.5Sr
0.5Co
0.8Fe
0.2O
3−
δ
(BSCF5582)-based composite was developed by addition of ZrO
2 and iso-molar excess BaO to introduce BaZrO
3-based secondary phase particles (SPP). It ...was revealed that as-synthesized composite could get well-distributed SPP and fine-grained microstructure due to the grain growth inhibition of the SPP. For the composite with addition of 10 mol% ZrO
2+10 mol% BaO, a well-developed and fine-grained microstructure has been obtained. Compared to the pure phase BSCF5582, the three-point bending strength of the composite with addition of 5 mol% ZrO
2+5 mol% BaO increases by 68% and its oxygen permeation rate is much higher below 830 °C with the smaller apparent activation energy.
A mixed-conducting Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-delta (BSCF5582)-based composite was developed by the addition of ZrO2 and iso-molar excess BaO to introduce BaZrO3-based secondary phase particles (SPP). ...The as-synthesised composite could get well-distributed SPP and fine-grained microstructure due to grain growth inhibition of the SPP. For the composite with addition of 10 mol% ZrO2 and 10 mol% BaO, a well-developed and fine-grained microstructure was obtained. Compared to the pure phase BSCF5582, the three-point bending strength of the composite with addition of 5 mol% ZrO2 and 5 mol% BaO increased by 68% and its oxygen permeation rate was much higher below 830 C with a smaller apparent activation energy. 12 refs.
Display omitted
•A novel Fe-MOF@BiOBr/M−CN ternary system was successfully synthetized by one-pot.•Fe-MOF@BiOBr/M−CN facilitated e--h+ separation and enhanced degradation process.•The products of CIP ...photocatalytic degradation were environmentally friendly.•Plausible photodegradation pathway of CIP was illustrated based on GC–MS.•A possible Z-type heterojunction was formed between M−CN and BiOBr.
A novel Fe-MOF@BiOBr/M−CN photocatalyst is synthesized via one-pot EG (ethylene glyco)-assisted solvothermal heating. The morphology, microstructure, and composition of the prepared catalysts are characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, and XPS. The Fe-MOF@BiOBr/M−CN photocatalyst exhibites better pollutant adsorption and degradation than pure BiOBr. After grafting iron-based metal–organic framework (Fe-MOF) and modified g-C3N4 (M−CN) species, photogenerated electrons can be transferred from BiOBr to M−CN and Fe-MOF species via interfacial charge transfer. Therefore, the separation efficiency of electrons (e−) and holes (h+) is enhanced. Fe-MOF@BiOBr/M−CN−50 can degrade approximately 93% of ciprofloxacin in 120 min under visible light illumination, which is 7.9 and 1.2 times that of pure g-C3N4 (11.8%) and BiOBr (77.4%), respectively. Furthermore, radical capturing experiments and ESR analysis reveal that h+ and ·O2− are the main reactive species in the system. A combination of DFT calculations and radical trapping experiments show that M−CN and BiOBr form a Z-type heterojunction. In addition, Fe-MOF plays a vital role as a carrier acceptor for electron transport. Finally, the degradation pathway of ciprofloxacin is revealed by gas-chromatography–mass-spectroscopy analysis. This study provides new insights into the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water.
Pterostilbene (PTE) has inhibitory effect on a wide array of tumors. However, the therapeutic potential of PTE in renal cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms have not been evaluated. In this ...study, the aim is to demonstrate the growth inhibitory and the underlying mechanisms of PTE on human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells in vitro. By cell viability, cell morphology and colony formation assays, we found that PTE significantly suppressed the proliferation of RCC cells, while had little toxicity to the normal renal cell line HK-2. Flow cytometry assay revealed that PTE potently induced the apoptosis of RCC cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which was also testified by up-regulation of the pro-apoptosis-related protein (Cyto C, Bad, Bak, Bax, Cleaved-caspase 3, Cleaved-caspase 9, Cleaved-poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP)) and down-regulation of the anti-apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2. Moreover, cell cycle being arrested in S phase and down-regulation of p-Akt and p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 were observed following treatment with PTE in RCC cells, indicating that PTE exerted remarkable anti-tumor activity in RCC cells possibly via cell cycle arrest and inactivation of Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Immunofluorescence analysis of γH2AX and detecting the expression levels of γH2AX, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Rad51 by Western blot showed that PTE induced the DNA damages response in RCC cells. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that PTE was a potential preventive and therapeutic agent for human renal cell carcinoma.
Increasingly frequent extreme rainfall as a result of climate change is strongly damaging the global soil and water environment. However, few studies have focused on daily extreme sediment events ...(DESE) in heterogeneous karst watersheds based on long-term in-situ observations. This study quantitatively assessed the time effect of DESE on rainfall response, decoupled the impact of environmental factors on DESE by using structural equation modelling, and finally explored the modelling scheme of DESE based on the hybrid model. The results showed that DESE had the highest frequency of occurrence in May–July, with dispersed distribution in the value domain. Rainfall with a time lag of 1 day and a time accumulation of 2 or 3 days was an important contribution to DESE (P < 0.01, R = 0.47–0.68). Combined effects of environmental factors explained 53.6 %–64.1 % of the variation in DESE. Runoff and vegetation exerted the strongest direct and indirect effects on DESE, respectively (β = 0.66/−0.727). Vegetation was the dominant driver of DESE in Dabanghe and Yejihe (β = −0.725/−0.758), while the dominant driver in Tongzhihe was climate (β = 0.743). In the future, the risk of extreme sediments should be prevented and resolved through the comprehensive regulation of multiple paths, such as runoff and vegetation. Hybrid models significantly improved the modelling performance of machine learning models. Generalized additive model-Extreme gradient boost had the best performance, while Partial least squares regression-Extreme gradient boost was the most valuable when considering performance and input data cost. Two methods can be used as recommended solutions for DESE modelling. This study provides new and in-depth insights into DESE in karst watersheds and helps the region develop forward-looking soil and water management models to cope with future extreme erosion hazards.
Display omitted
•Time lag and time accumulated rainfall made important contributions to DESE.•Vegetation and climate were the dominant factors controlling DESE change.•Explored hybrid modelling schemes based on variable statistics and machine learning.•Hybrid of GAM/PLSR and XGBoost had the best DESE modelling performance.
ReOx/NC ORR catalyst with improved oxygen vacanices derived from heat treatment.
Display omitted
•The systematic comparisons of ORR activity with different rare earth have studied.•Pr6O11/NC presents ...the best ORR activity in studied rare earth.•The ORR activities of Pr6O11/NC are boosted with enhanced oxygen vacancies.•Zn-air battery constructed by Pr6O11/NC shows excellent performance.
Rare earth metals have been widely investigated for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) owing to their special 4f shell electronic configurations. However, the systematic comparisons of ORR activity with different rare earth have yet rarely studied. Herein, a series of rare earth (La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Eu, Tb, Er, Tm and Yb) oxides electrocatalysts were prepared with ketjin black EC300J as carbon support, in which the addition of rare earth is optimized. The ORR activities of different rare earth were evaluated by rotating disk electrode technology. The ORR performance of rare earth oxides composited carbon catalysts can be enhanced through accommodating oxygen vacancies. Then, the rare earth composite catalyst with the best ORR activities was chosen to detailed exploration. For practical application, the performance of rechargeable Zn-air battery was also researched. We believe that our work lay a good foundation to further explore rare earth based ORR catalyst with higher ORR performance.
Measuring and analysing carbon leakage are the foundation for improving environmental responsibility. Based on the origin–destination approach and spatial spillover analysis, this study explores ...factors of China's inter-provincial carbon leakage. A multiregional input–output model was used to obtain the carbon footprint of consumption, and the factors of carbon leakage were assessed. The results revealed that the economic development and environmental regulations of the origin and destination have opposite effects on carbon leakage. Accordingly, provinces with high-energy intensity and abundant energy resources are mainly net-exported carbon, whereas provinces with underdeveloped secondary industries are mainly net-imported carbon. Notably, a positive spillover effect of energy intensity exists at the origin, and a negative one occurs at the destination. Moreover, a positive spillover affects the origin's energy output, and the surrounding areas' energy endowment can create favourable conditions for carbon leakage at the origin. Finally, corresponding policy suggestions are presented based on the above analysis.
•Origin-destination approach and spatial spillover analysis•The multi-regional input-output model is used.•The carbon footprint of the consumption was evaluated.•Factors of China's inter-provincial carbon leakage were defined.
Effective and durable photocatalysts are essential for the decomposition of persistent contaminants and the generation of hydrogen peroxide. In this study, we successfully constructed an S-type ...heterojunction by in situ growing Bi2O3 nanocrystals and NH2-MIL-101(Fe) onto surface-modified g-C3N4. The process of charge transfer in the S-type heterojunction was confirmed using ISI-XPS, DFT calculations, capture experiments, and EPR signals. The combined influence of the heterojunction and MOF demonstrated remarkable photocatalytic performance in the breakdown of tetracycline (TC) and the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In the enhanced setup (10%–NH2–MIL-101(Fe)@MCN/Bi2O3), full degradation of TC was accomplished within 50 min under visible light exposure. Additionally, a notable H2O2 yield of 655.63 μmol/g was attained, all achieved without the necessity of sacrificial agents or supplementary oxygen. Based on the outcomes of the dual functionality, the exceptional performance of the ternary composite material can be ascribed to the collaborative influence of the heterojunction and MOF. This collaborative effect expands the light absorption range in the visible region, suppresses the recombination of electron-hole pairs, and enhances the photocatalytic redox ability. The system demonstrates significant potential in the efficient in situ production of H2O2 and removal of recalcitrant organic pollutants in pure water.
Display omitted
•A novel NH2-MIL-101(Fe)@MCN/Bi2O3 photocatalyst was synthesized.•Effective charge carrier separation and utilization were achieved through the synergistic effects of the S-type heterojunction and MOF.•High efficiency in the degradation of pollutants and generation of H2O2 under visible light.
Insufficient trophoblast invasion has been shown to contribute to the occurrence and progression of preeclampsia (PE). Recently, beta-transducin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein (β-TrCP) was ...shown to function as a ubiquitination regulator in regulating the proliferation and invasion of various cell types. In this study, we employed an in vitro model of trophoblasts to investigate the role played by β-TrCP in the pathogenesis of PE. The levels of β-TrCP in newly delivered placentas from 15 pregnant women with PE and 15 healthy pregnant women were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot assays. The effects of β-TrCP on cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in two trophoblast cell lines (HTR-8/SVneo and TEV-1) were examined using wound healing assays, Transwell assays, and western blot assays, respectively. Rescue experiments were performed by treating β-TrCP knockdown or β-TrCP expressing trophoblasts with si-Snail transfection or a proteasome inhibitor (MG132). β-TrCP mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly increased in the PE placentas when compared to the normal control placentas. β-TrCP overexpression significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion, while silencing of β-TrCP promoted cell migration and invasion of the two trophoblast cell lines. Furthermore, we demonstrated that β-TrCP-mediated ubiquitination might inhibit the EMT process of trophoblasts by down-regulating Snail expression. Our results suggest that both β-TrCP mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated in the PE placentas. β-TrCP impeded the migration and invasion of trophoblasts by suppressing Snail expression. This implicates the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in the pathogenesis of PE, and suggests β-TrCP as a potential target for treating PE.
•Levels of β-TrCP were significantly increased in placentae tissues derived from PE patients.•β-TrCP suppressed trophoblast cell migration, invasion and EMT.•Down-regulation of Snail reversed the effects of β-TrCP knockdown on trophoblast cell migration, invasion and EMT.
PDF
