Food is the paramount necessity of the people, while food safety is the priority. Facing the increasingly serious food safety problems in China, how to improve food safety has become the ...responsibility of the whole society, and also the obligation of social development. Based on the 8000 residents' survey data, the ordinal logistic model was used to analyze the residents' satisfaction with food safety. The results show that residents are generally worried about food safety, and there is a strong demand for safe food. Gender, age, educational background, supervision, publicity, and complaint handling significantly affect residents' food safety satisfaction. In terms of income heterogeneity, low-income residents have the highest degree of satisfaction with food safety. With the improvement of income level, their degree of satisfaction is decreasing. The high-income class residents have a strong consciousness of rights safeguarding after purchasing unsafe food. For low-income residents, their awareness of rights protection is declining due to insufficient income. In the way of rights protection, most respondents choose to return or refund money after negotiation with the seller. The lack of punishment for unscrupulous sellers is one of the main reasons for the frequent occurrence of food safety problems in China.
At a median follow-up period of 20 (interquartile range: 5–33) months, patients with lower ratio of total QRS voltages to LV wall thickness (≤11.8) suffered from higher risk of all-cause mortality ...(hazard ratio = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0–3.9, Log rank test P = 0.039) Supplementary Figure 3, http://links.lww.com/CM9/B839. ...ECV was a potential reflection of extracellular deposition of amyloid and fibrotic tissue, but not a direct measurement of amyloid burden as observed by 18F Florbetapir-PET. ...we found that QRS voltages were associated with ECV, which may reflect the cardiac amyloid burden. Furthermore, the ratio of total QRS voltages to wall thickness showed a significant correlation with ECV measured by CMRI, indicating that it can be a potential simple biomarker for the evaluation of disease progression in CA.
This paper reviews the changes of China's rural land management system in the past 70 years from the three dimensions of land scale, management subject, and land property rights structure. The ...results show that the moderate scale of land management is affected by many factors. However, the essence results from the dynamic adjustment to adapt to economic and social development changes. China's household-based contracting responsibility is still the primary entity of agricultural production. However, the rapid development of new agricultural management subjects will positively improve national agricultural modernization. The “three rights separations” is another innovation in China's rural land system reform, which plays a huge role in effectively allocating rural resources and tapping the potential of rural development. It has reference significance for the development of capitalist countries and socialist countries. China has a vast territory and significant regional differences, so it is difficult to find a fixed "model" or "standard" in reforming the land management system. Therefore, while attracting successful experience, combining the characteristics of national economic structure and capital endowment is the key to the prosperity of developing countries.
Abstract Background: The potential impact of pre-existing coronary artery stenosis (CAS) on acute pulmonary embolism (PE) episodes remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the ...association between pre-existing CAS and the elevation of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) levels in patients with PE. Methods: In this multicenter, prospective case-control study, 88 cases and 163 controls matched for age, sex, and study center were enrolled. Cases were patients with PE with elevated hs-cTnI. Controls were patients with PE with normal hs-cTnI. Coronary artery assessment utilized coronary computed tomographic angiography or invasive coronary angiography. CAS was defined as ≥50% stenosis of the lumen diameter in any coronary vessel >2.0 mm in diameter. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between CAS and hs-cTnI elevation. Results: The percentage of CAS was higher in the case group compared to the control group (44.3% 39/88 vs. 30.1% 49/163; P = 0.024). In multivariable conditional logistic regression model 1, CAS (adjusted odds ratio OR, 2.680; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.243–5.779), heart rate >75 beats/min (OR, 2.306; 95% CI, 1.056–5.036) and N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) >420 pg/mL (OR, 12.169; 95% CI, 4.792–30.900) were independently associated with elevated hs-cTnI. In model 2, right CAS (OR, 3.615; 95% CI, 1.467–8.909) and NT-proBNP >420 pg/mL (OR, 13.890; 95% CI, 5.288–36.484) were independently associated with elevated hs-cTnI. Conclusions: CAS was independently associated with myocardial injury in patients with PE. Vigilance towards CAS is warranted in patients with PE with elevated cardiac troponin levels.
Heart failure (HF) is a major and growing public health concern. Although advances in medical and surgical therapies have been achieved over the last decades, there is still no firmly evidence-based ...treatment with many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) for HF. Huoxin Pill (HXP), a TCM, has been widely used to treat patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, using a verapamil-induced zebrafish HF model, we validated the efficacy and revealed the underlying mechanism of HXP in the treatment of HF. Zebrafish embryos were pretreated with different concentrations of HXP followed by verapamil administration, and we found that HXP significantly improved cardiac function in HF zebrafish, such as by effectively alleviating venous congestion and increasing heart rates. Mechanistically, HXP evidently inhibited verapamil-induced ROS and H2O2 production and upregulated CAT activity in HF zebrafish. Moreover, transgenic lines Tg(mpx:EGFP) and Tg(nfkb:EGFP) were administered for inflammation evaluation, and we found that neutrophil infiltration in HF zebrafish hearts and the activated NF-kB level could be reduced by HXP. Furthermore, HXP significantly downregulated the level of cell apoptosis in HF zebrafish hearts, as assessed by AO staining. Molecularly, RT‒qPCR results showed that pretreatment with HXP upregulated antioxidant-related genes such as gpx-1a and gss and downregulated the expression of the stress-related gene hsp70, proinflammatory genes such as tnf-α, il-6 and lck, and apoptosis-related indicators such as apaf1, puma and caspase9. In conclusion, HXP exerts a protective effect on verapamil-induced zebrafish HF through inhibition of oxidative stress-triggered inflammation and apoptosis.
The surrogate reproduction technique, such as inter-specific spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) transplantation (SSCT), provides a powerful tool for production of gametes derived from endangered ...species or those with desirable traits. However, generation of genome-edited gametes from a different species or production of gametes from a phylogenetically distant species such as from a different subfamily, by SSCT, has not succeeded. Here, using two small cyprinid fishes from different subfamilies, Chinese rare minnow (gobiocypris rarus, for brief: Gr) and zebrafish (danio rerio), we successfully obtained Gr-derived genome-edited sperm in zebrafish by an optimized SSCT procedure. The transplanted Gr SSCs supported the host gonadal development and underwent normal spermatogenesis, resulting in a reconstructed fertile testis containing Gr spermatids and zebrafish testicular somatic cells. Interestingly, the surrogate spermatozoa resembled those of host zebrafish but not donor Gr in morphology and swimming behavior. When pou5f3 and chd knockout Gr SSCs were transplanted, Gr-derived genome-edited sperm was successfully produced in zebrafish. This is the first report demonstrating surrogate production of gametes from a different subfamily by SSCT, and surrogate production of genome-edited gametes from another species as well. This method is feasible to be applied to future breeding of commercial fish and livestock.
Von Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp), secreted by
(
), can activate host prothrombin, convert fibrinogen to fibrin clots, induce blood clotting, and contribute to pathophysiology of
-related ...diseases, including infective endocarditis, staphylococcal sepsis and pneumonia. Therefore, vWbp is an promising drug target in the treatment of
related infections. Here, we report that dryocrassin ABBA (ABBA), a natural compound derived from
, can significantly inhibit the coagulase activity of vWbp
by directly interacting with vWbp without killing the bacteria or inhibiting the expression of the vWbp. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that ABBA binds to the "central cavity" in the elbow of vWbp by interacting with Arg-70, His-71, Ala-72, Gly-73, Tyr-74, Glu-75, Tyr-83, and Gln-87 in vWbp, thus interfering with the binding of vWbp to prothrombin. Furthermore,
studies demonstrated that ABBA can attenuate injury and inflammation of mouse lung tissues caused by
and increase survival of mice. Together these findings indicate that ABBA is a promising lead drug for the treatment of
-related infections. This is the first report of potential inhibitor which inhibit the coagulase activity of vWbp by directly interacting with vWbp.
Water-saving irrigation technology is an effective way for agriculture to adapt to the arid climate. Shortening farmers’ waiting times to adopt such technology is important for saving water resources ...and stabilizing agricultural production. This study analyzed the impact of capital endowment on Xinjiang cotton farmers' adoption willingness, adoption decisions, and waiting time. Results showed that capital endowments significantly affect cotton farmers' adoption of water-saving technologies (WST) in all dimensions. Specifically, the scale of cotton planting had a significant positive impact on the willingness and decision of cotton farmers to adopt WST, and it could significantly reduce the adoption wait time. Simultaneously, neighbors’ adoption decisions, policy subsidies, and membership of a cooperative could reduce cotton farmers’ wait times. Land transfer was one of the livelihood strategies cotton farmers used to adjust household resource allocations or to adapt to arid climate. Land rental also could help reduce the wait time for WST. These results and impacts provided policy optimization direction to reduce the waiting time of farmers to adopt water-saving technology, which was helpful to save agricultural water and for farmers adapt to drought climate change quickly. At the end of the study, combined with the situation of China, from the crop planting structure, land system reform, and effective community governance, we discussed several research directions to improve farmers' drought climate adaptability.
•In the study of factors affecting farmers' adoption of WST, there is little attention paid to waiting time.•The climate in Xinjiang is very dry. It is of great significance for agriculture to shorten the waiting time of WST.•Capital endowments significantly affect cotton farmers' adoption of water-saving technologies in all dimensions.•Cotton planting scale has a significant impact on farmers’ willingness to adopt WST, and it can reduce the waiting time.•Neighbors’ adoption decisions, policy subsidies, and membership of a cooperative can reduce cotton farmers’ wait times.
A novel graph model with time-varying altitudes is developed to interpret the trade disputes between China and the United States (US) during the period between 2017 and 2019. The implementation of ...strategies for China and the US was affected by their bilateral relations represented by mutual attitudes changing over time along the evolution of the disputes. The Goldstein scale, a numeral system for studying foreign policies and for describing the fluctuating diplomatic relations affected by historical events, is utilized for eliciting preference relations affected by the time-varying attitudes for the first time. By considering two decision makers (DMs) in the trade disputes, the time varying unilateral improvements (TVUIs) for each DM are initiated based on its judgement which reflects not only the gains or losses for the given DM, but also those for the other DM. In investigating the real-world trade disputes between China and the US, the reasoning of imposing retaliating tariffs for the two countries under time frame is explained. How the fluctuation of time-varying altitudes affects the course of the disputes is also demonstrated. The Phase one agreement legally prohibiting retaliation using tariffs from the two countries was signed when mutual attitude increased by positive interstate events, which eventually ended the tit-for-tat situation. This novel methodology extends the structure of attitudes in graph model by flexibly depicting the fluctuation of mutual attitudes using Goldstein scoring system. Meaningful implications can be provided for DMs to explain how equilibrium can be changed by the time-varying attitudes. In analyzing international disputes in particular, nations can be clearly guided to achieve desired outcomes by making efforts to change bilateral or multilateral relations.
Abstract
In this paper, we introduced the historical process and internal logic of China's rural land system reform and analyzed the successful experience of land reform in Dongling village. The ...results show that the long-term stability of land contracting right makes the ownership be virtualized, and the legalization of the land transfer lays the foundation for the diversification of the rural management subjects. The clear property rights enable them to allocate labour and capital freely, obtain economic benefits and then promote the development of rural industries. Land moderate-scale management is a dynamic and differentiated concept. All management subjects can achieve their ideal moderate scale of operation through land circulation. The experience of Dongling village shows that the land transfer should rely on the industry, and the key to the success or failure of the reform is that the industry should be sustainable, the distribution should be reasonable, the management should be scientific, and the supervision should be adequate. Of course, for developing countries, we need to formulate reform plans based on the differences in resource endowment instead of pursuing "fixed models" and "one-size-fits-all policy".
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