We study the Sobolev critical Schrödinger equation with combined power nonlinearities
-
Δ
u
=
λ
u
+
|
u
|
2
N
N
-
2
-
2
u
+
μ
|
u
|
q
-
2
u
,
x
∈
R
N
having prescribed mass
∫
R
N
|
u
|
2
d
x
=
a
2
.
...For a
L
2
-critical or
L
2
-supercritical perturbation
μ
|
u
|
q
-
2
u
, we prove existence of normalized ground states, by introducing the Sobolev subcritical approximation method to mass constrained problem. Our result settles a question raised by N. Soave
22
. Meanwhile, the Sobolev subcritical problem is treated again by using the Pohožaev constraint, Schwartz symmetrization rearrangements and various scaling transformations.
•The crustal thickness and Poisson’s ratio are estimated at 252 stations in the eastern Tibet.•Our results show the strong heterogeneous and complex crust structure across the eastern Tibet.•Lateral ...variations of crustal thickness and Poisson’s ratio correlate well with different tectonic features.
We measure the crustal structure beneath the eastern Tibetan plateau by analyzing three-component teleseismic data recorded at 252 stations from January 1, 2008 to March 31, 2011. Lateral variations of the crustal thickness and Poisson’s ratio are obtained by using receiver function method. The thinnest crust is ∼27km in the south Yangtze craton and the deepest Moho (∼70km) is estimated in the eastern margin of the Tibetan plateau. The distribution of Poisson’s ratio shows the heterogeneity that high Poisson’s ratios (υ>0.27) are found in the Chuandian plateau, intermediate values (0.24⩽υ⩽0.27) exhibit in the Ordos block, the Qilian orogen, the Qinling–Dabie orogen, the Songpan-Ganzi terrane and the Sichuan basin, and low values (υ<0.24) appear in the Yangtze craton. The higher Poisson’s ratios (υ>0.30) in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau can be considered as the evidence of the dominantly mafic composition or locally partial melting in crust. Our observations of the crustal thickness and Poisson’s ratio beneath the eastern Tibetan plateau not only reveal the lateral inhomogeneity of the crustal structure, but also provide some constraints on the mechanism of uplift and crustal thickening of the Tibetan plateau.
Staphylococcus xylosus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Carnobacterium maltaromaticum
,
Leuconostoc gelidum
, and
Serratia liquefaciens
were investigated for their roles in in the spoilage of sterilized ...smoked bacon. These five strains, individually and in combination, were applied as starters on sliced bacon at 4–5 log
10
CFU/g using a hand-operated spraying bottle and stored for 45 days at 0–4°C. Dynamics, diversity, and succession of microbial community during storage of samples were studied by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 367 bacterial genera belonging to 21 phyla were identified. Bacterial counts in all the inoculated specimens increased significantly within the first 15 days while the microbiota developed into more similar communities with increasing storage time. At the end of the storage time, the highest abundance of
Serratia
(96.46%) was found in samples inoculated with
S. liquefaciens
. Similarly, for samples inoculated with
C. maltaromaticum
and
L. mesenteroides
, a sharp increase in
Carnobacterium
and
Leuconostoc
abundance was observed as they reached a maximum relative abundance of 97.95 and 81.6%, respectively. Hence, these species were not only the predominant ones but could also have been the more competitive ones, potentially inhibiting the growth of other microorganisms. By analyzing the bacterial load of meat products using the SSO model, the relationships between the microbial communities involved in spoilage can be understood to assist further research.
Micro-expression (ME) is a subtle and spontaneous natural facial mechanism that is one of the essential psychological stress responses. Due to its accuracy and uncontrollability for psychological ...expressions, ME has crucial applications in many psychologically related fields. However, due to small data volume and high data redundancy, existing micro-expression recognition (MER) methods cannot balance accuracy and recognition speed. Therefore, we propose a deep learning algorithm based on a spatio-temporal capsule network (STCP-Net). It reduces recognition time while ensuring the accuracy rate. STCP-Net consists of four parts: a jitter removal module, a differential feature extraction module, a spatio-temporal capsule (STCP) module, and a fully connected layer. The first two modules extract diversifying differential features more accurately and reduce the impact of head jitter. The STCP module extracts spatio-temporal features progressively layer by layer, fully considering the temporal and spatial relationship between features. Finally, this study conducts sufficient experiments based on the Leave One Subject Out (LOSO) cross-validation protocol with standard datasets. The final results and analysis show that the algorithm is advanced and effective.
Artificially generated datasets often exhibit biases, leading conventional deep neural networks to overfit. Typically, a weighted function adjusts sample impact during model updates using weighted ...loss. Meta-neural networks, trained with meta-learning principles, generalize well across tasks, acquiring generalized weights. This enables the self-generation of tailored weighted functions for data biases. However, datasets may simultaneously exhibit imbalanced classes and corrupted labels, posing a challenge for current meta-models. To address this, this paper presents Meta-Loss Reweighting Network (MLRNet) with fusion attention features. MLRNet continually evolves sample loss values, integrating them with sample features from self-attention layers in a semantic space. This enhances discriminative power for biased samples. By employing minimal unbiased meta-data for guidance, mutual optimization between the classifier and the meta-model is conducted, endowing biased samples with more reasonable weights. Experiments on English and Chinese benchmark datasets including artificial and real-world biased data show MLRNet’s superior performance under biased data conditions.
We collected continuous seismic data recorded between 2007 and 2010 by 208 broadband stations from the Chinese Provincial Digital Seismic Networks, A Seismic Collaborative Experiment of Northern ...Tibet, and the Northeastern Tibet Seismic experiment. Cross correlations of vertical component records are computed to extract the Rayleigh wave empirical Green's functions. Group and phase velocities are then constructed from the empirical Green's functions in 8 to 50 s period. At periods ≤25 s, more than 10% lower velocities are imaged beneath the Qaidam Basin, and high velocities are observed beneath the nonbasin regions. At periods ≥30 s, up to 10% lower velocities are imaged in the Qiangtang and Songpan‐Ganze Terranes. From these group and phase velocity maps, a three‐dimensional (3‐D) Vsv model of the crust is derived. The model shows that the Qiangtang and Songpan‐Ganze Terranes have a very thick crust with a prominent low‐velocity zone (LVZ) in the middle crust. The LVZ thins out in the vicinity of the eastern Kunlun Mountains, providing a new constraint on the mode of deformation across the Tibetan Plateau. The northwestern Qilian Orogen, where receiver functions reveal a Moho deeper than the surrounding areas, also features a relatively weak midcrustal LVZ, which we interpret as an intracrustal response associated with the shortening between the North China Craton and the Tibetan Plateau.
Key Points
Group and phase velocities are inverted in NE Tibet
The crustal LVZ thins out around the eastern Kunlun Mountains
The NW Qilian Orogen with deeper Moho features a weak crustal LVZ
The production of insect biomass from organic waste is a major challenge in terms of reducing the environmental impacts of waste and maintaining feed and food security. The feasibility of the ...co-conversion of soybean curd residue (SCR) and kitchen waste (KW) to breed black soldier fly (BSF,
) larvae was evaluated so as to enhance biomass conversion efficiency and supply animal feed and allow it to be used in biodiesel production. Co-digestion was found to significantly increase larval yield, bioconversion rate, and bioaccumulation of lipid. Partial least squares regression showed that the conversion of 30% SCR with 70% KW is an appropriate proportion. The appropriate performance parameters of BSF were: survival rate (98.75%), prepupal rate (88.61%), larval biomass (30.32 g fresh and 11.38 g dry mass), bioconversion rate (18.45%), efficiency conversion of ingested food (ECI) (28.30%), and FCR (2.51). Our results show that conversion of mixtures (e.g., SCR with KW) by BSF larvae (BSFL) could play an important role in various organic materials management.
In this paper, the Choquard equation with an inverse-square potential and both focusing and defocusing nonlinearities in the energy-subcritical regime is investigated. For all the cases, the local ...well-posedness result in H1(RN) is established. Moreover, the global existence result for arbitrary initial values is proved in the defocusing case while a global existence/blowup dichotomy below the ground state is established in the focusing case.
We present a high-resolution S wave velocity model of the Trans-North China Orogen (TNCO) and its adjacent areas derived from S wave traveltime residuals of teleseismic waveforms recorded by the ...dense ChinArray seismic network. Our model reveals S wave velocity anomalies beneath the study area, suggesting the strong lateral heterogeneities of the upper mantle structures. The upper mantle of the Datong volcano is dominated by the significant low velocity anomalies. In addition to the low-velocity zone rooted in the mantle transition zone beneath the Datong volcano region, two low velocity layers extend northwestward to the Hetao graben and southwestward to the southern TNCO within depths of 100–300 km, respectively. Based on these low-velocity anomalies, we provide new insights into the origin of the Datong volcano, which may be related to the asthenospheric upwelling originated from the water-rich mantle transition zone and horizontal mantle flows driven by the extrusion northeastward of the Tibetan plateau. A clear velocity contrast in the upper mantle above 300 km depth beneath the Ordos block and the TNCO implies that the Ordos block still preserves thick cratonic root while the lithosphere of the TNCO is modified. We propose that the asthenospheric upwelling and northeastward push of the Tibetan plateau account for the lithospheric deformation of the TNCO and its adjacent areas.
PDF
