Human adenovirus (HAdV) infection outbreak causes community-acquired pneumonia. Cellular immune dysfunction and hypercytokinemia play important roles in the pathogenesis of adenovirus respiratory ...infection. Some soluble factors in peripheral blood can assist in judging the virus-induced disease severity. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines differ among patients with different disease severity. However, whether and how HAdV-7 infection influences the composition of blood immune cells and serum cytokine levels in patients at different disease stages, as well as the diagnosis values of these parameters, have rarely been intensively studied. We aimed to investigate lymphocytes profiles and cytokines levels in blood of patients at different disease stages upon human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV-7) infections, and explored the diagnosis values of the investigated parameters.
Patients from two outbreaks of HAdV-7 in military of China were categorized into upper respiratory infection (URI) group, common pneumonia (CP) group and severe pneumonia (SP) group according to disease severity. Peripheral blood samples were subjected to routine laboratory tests, while flow cytometry and ELISA were used to measure the lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in blood, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to examine the diagnostic of these blood parameters.
Signs of imbalanced lymphocytes composition and hypercytokinemia were observed in HAdV-7-infected patients. The percentages of CD3
T cells and NK cells were significantly decreased along with the aggravation of the disease, particularly for NK cells and CD4
T cells. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) increased significantly in patients with more severe disease. In addition, the levels of serum CXCL10, IL-2 and TNF-α were positively correlated with disease severity, while reduced levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 were found in SP patients. Furthermore, analysis of ROC showed that multiple parameters including the percentage of blood CD3
cells and serum CXCL10 level could predict the progression of HAdV-7 infection.
Imbalance of immune state with hypercytokinemia occurred during HAdV-7 infection. The percentages of blood immune cells such as CD3
T cells and the levels of serum cytokines such as CXCL10 showed potential diagnosis values in HAdV-7 infection.
In this study, we conduct ambient noise tomography and teleseismic two-plane-wave tomography to probe the crustal and uppermost mantle structures in the Middle–Lower Yangtze River region. The data ...used include 14 months (from July 2012 to August 2013) of continuous vertical component ambient noise data and 219 teleseismic earthquakes recorded at 138 broadband seismic stations from Chinese provincial networks and 19 temporary seismic stations deployed by China University of Geosciences (Beijing). First, we apply ambient noise tomography to the collected ambient noise data to generate Rayleigh wave group and phase velocity maps at 5–42 s periods and two-plane-wave tomography method to earthquake data to generate intermediate-to-long period phase velocity maps at 20–143 s periods. We then combine the short-to-intermediate period velocity maps from ambient noise and the intermediate-to-long period phase velocity maps from earthquake data to generate broadband phase velocity maps at periods from 5 to 143 s. By inverting these 5–143 s Rayleigh wave velocity maps, we construct a 3-D shear wave velocity model from the surface to ∼250 km depth in the Middle–Lower Yangtze River region. The 3-D model shows that in the upper crust, the basin regions, including the JiangHan, HeHuai, SuBei, HeFei and NanYang basins, are all featured with low velocities, and the mountain regions with high velocities. In the uppermost mantle, a low-velocity zone at ∼100–200 km depth is observed beneath the Middle–Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt. Moreover, our tomographic results show that the NingWu and NingZhen ore districts are clearly characterized by the strongest low velocity anomaly in the uppermost mantle at ∼70–200 km depth. The depth extent of the low-velocity zone becomes shallower and the amplitude of low velocity anomaly becomes larger from the southwest JiuRui ore district to northeast NingWu ore districts. The change pattern of the low-velocity zone in the depth extent and the amplitude is consistent with the fact that peak ages of magmatic events along the Middle–Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt progressively become younger and younger from 148 Ma in the southwest to 125 Ma in the northeast. The observed low-velocity zone may represent the cooling hot upper mantle which was partially molten in the past resulting from partial melting of the paleo-Pacific plate or of an enriched mantle source induced by the westward subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate. The upwelling of the mantle-derived magmas may result in the formation of these granitic rocks and coeval ores deposits along the Middle–Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt.
•A 3-D Vsv model from surface down to ∼250 km is constructed in the MLYR.•A northeast up-dipping LVZ in the upper mantle is observed beneath the MLYMB.•The observed LVZ is probably the principal area of upper mantle magma reservoir.•The formation of the LVZ may result from the subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate.
Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae,
(Diptera: Stratiomyidae) have emerged as an efficient system for the bioconversion of organic waste. Intestinal microorganisms are involved in several insect ...functions, including the development, nutrition, and physiology of the host. In order to transform the intestinal bacterial community of BSF directionally, six different potential functional strains (
,
,
,
,
, and
) were added to aseptic food waste, and aseptic food waste was used without inoculants as a blank control to evaluate the changes in the intestinal microbiota of BSF under artificial intervention conditions. These six strains (which were isolated from the larval intestinal tract in selective media and then identified and screened) may be considered responsible for the functional characteristics of larvae. The results imply that the increase in the abundance of
in the experimental group that was exposed to
was significantly different to the other groups (
< 0.05). The results revealed that it is feasible to transform the intestinal microbiota of BSF directionally; there are differences in the proliferation of different strains in the intestine of BSF.
We conduct a nonlinear joint inversion of receiver functions and surface waves to obtain the lithosphere structure in east‐central China. We also use SKS splitting measurements to evaluate upper ...mantle deformation. The velocity model reveals that, to the east of the North‐South Gravity Lineament, the crust and lithosphere are significantly thinned. Three extensive crustal/lithospheric thinning subregions are identified. This indicates that the lithospheric modification in east‐central China is nonuniform due to heterogeneity of lithospheric strength. Extensive crustal and lithospheric thinning probably occurs in some weak zones such as basin‐range junction belts and large faults. The structure beneath the Dabie orogenic belt is complex due to the collision between the North and South China Blocks during the Late Paleozoic‐Triassic. The Dabie orogenic belt is delineated by a thick crust with a midcrust low‐velocity zone and a two‐directional convergence in the lithospheric scale. The crust and uppermost mantle across the Tanlu fault exhibit a strong seismic velocity contrast, which suggests deep penetration of this lithospheric‐scale fault. Most of our splitting measurements show nearly E‐W trending fast polarization. The similar present‐day lithosphere structure and upper mantle deformation may imply that the eastern North China Craton and South China Block have been dominated by a common dynamic process since the Late Mesozoic. The westward subduction of the Philippine plate and the long‐range effects of the collision between the Indian and Eurasia plates during the Cenozoic may have also contributed to the present velocity structure and stress field of eastern China.
Key Points
A 3‐D S wave model is constructed in east‐central China by a nonlinear joint inversion; three extensive thinning regions are identified
Most of our splitting measurements show consistent nearly E‐W trending fast polarization direction in east‐central China
Similar present structure and deformation imply that eastern NCC and SCB were dominated by a common dynamic process after Late Mesozoic
We study the Choquard equation with a local perturbation
having prescribed mass
For a
-critical or
-supercritical perturbation
, we prove nonexistence, existence and symmetry of normalized ground ...states, by using the mountain pass lemma, the Pohožaev constraint method, the Schwartz symmetrization rearrangements and some theories of polarizations. In particular, our results cover the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev upper critical exponent case
for
. Our results are a nonlocal counterpart of the results in Li Studies of normalized solutions to Schrödinger equations with Sobolev critical exponent and combined nonlinearities. 2021 Apr 28, arXiv:2104.12997v2; Soave Normalized ground states for the NLS equation with combined nonlinearities: the Sobolev critical case. J Funct Anal. 2020;279(6):Article 108610; Wei and Wu Normalized solutions for Schrödinger equations with critical Sobolev exponent and mixed nonlinearities. 2021. arXiv:2102.04030v1.
•Moho depths become shallower from Qilian Orogen to east Kunlun area.•High Poisson’s ratio in the east Kunlun fault area, and low in Qilian Orogen.•Thickened crust is probably resulted from ...superposition of the successive intracrustal thrusts.•High Poisson’s ratio correlated to abundant mafic rocks.•Results do not support crust model from extrusion of lower crustal material.
We analyzed hundreds of P-wave receiver function data recorded by 53 portable seismic stations to investigate the crustal structure beneath the NE Tibetan plateau. The Moho depths identified by this study reveal that the crustal thickness decreases laterally from the Qilian Orogen (∼63km) to east Kunlun fault (EKLF) area (∼44km). The Moho depth becomes obviously deeper northeast of Songpan–Ganzi terrane and beneath the Qilian Orogen. A remarkable contrast is observed in the measured Poisson’s ratio between the Qilian Orogen and EKLF area. The Qilian Orogen is characterized by lower Poisson’s ratio. In general, the higher Poisson’s ratios (υ>0.30) in the EKLF area can be considered as the evidence for dominantly mafic rocks in the crust. The measured low Poisson’s ratio and the negative correlations between VP/VS and the crustal thickness beneath the Qilian Orogen suggest dominantly felsic crust beneath the Qilian Orogen, which is in contrast with the mid-to-lower low-velocity crustal model beneath the NE margin of the Tibetan plateau indicating that the low velocity zone terminates beneath the east Kunlun area. The seismic evidence suggests that the thickened crust is probably resulted from superposition of the successive intracrustal thrusts. Our results reveal the lateral inhomogeneity of crustal structure in this area and are inconsistent with the scenario of an inflated crust due to extrusion of lower crust material from the central Tibetan plateau.
Massive lithospheric thinning occurred in eastern China and large‐scale magmatism in South China occurred in the Mesozoic. Some geodynamic models have been proposed to explain their mechanisms, but ...are not consistent with each other. We apply anisotropic tomography to 32,728 P‐wave travel time data of 479 teleseismic events recorded at 225 stations to study the 3‐D anisotropic Vp structure of the upper mantle beneath central‐east China. P‐wave radial anisotropy is investigated for the first time in the study region. Our results show that an obvious low‐velocity zone exists in the asthenosphere under the eastern part of our study region, which represents upwelling thermal flow from the Cathaysia block to the North China block (NCB) according to the results of azimuthal and radial anisotropies. A distinct high‐velocity zone with weak radial anisotropy exists under the middle Yangtze block, which is explained as the stable cratonic root. Two other weak high‐velocity zones appear near or within the mantle transition zone under the middle‐lower Yangtze River and the eastern NCB, which might be detached lithosphere or the stagnant Pacific slab. Combining with previous geological and geochemical results, we consider that both the NCB and the South China block have undergone a common geodynamic process in the Mesozoic due to their similar age trending of igneous rocks, which could be explained by a flat‐slab subduction model and a ridge subduction model. These two models are associated with the paleo‐Pacific plate subduction that might have played a key role in the evolution of eastern China.
Key Points
Anisotropic tomography is applied to study the 3D anisotropic velocity structure under central‐east China
Mantle flow with low P‐wave velocity upwells and moves from the Cathaysia block to the North China block
The paleo‐Pacific plate subduction might have prompted the thermal material migration
In this paper, kinds of Schrödinger type equations with slowly decaying linear potential and power type or convolution type nonlinearities are considered. By using the concentration compactness ...principle, the sharp Gagliardo–Nirenberg inequality and a refined estimate of the linear operator, the existence and orbital stability of standing waves in L2-subcritical and L2-critical cases are established in a systematic way.
A steady state equation of the discrete heat diffusion can be obtained by the heat diffusion of particles or the difference method of the elliptic equations. In this paper, the nonexistence, ...existence, and uniqueness of positive solutions for a general discrete Dirichlet boundary value problem are considered by using the maximum principle, eigenvalue method, sub- and supersolution technique, and monotone method. All obtained results are new and valid on any n -dimension finite lattice point domain. To the best of our knowledge, they are better than the results of the corresponding partial differential equations. In particular, the methods of proof are different.
PDF
