Studies of the lifetime of Nicalon fiber-reinforced SiC matrix composites subjected to flexural stresses were conducted at temperatures of 600 and 950°C in air. The objective of this study was to ...evaluate the effectiveness of selected fiber coatings; i.e., carbon, boron-doped carbon (B-doped C), and boron nitride (BN), on the time-to-failure of Nicalon-SiC composites. Results at 600 and 950°C showed that the composite having a B-doped C fiber coating exhibited lifetimes that depend upon stress and temperature as found earlier for a composite with a carbon fiber coating. However, the replacement of the undoped carbon with a B-doped C fiber coating increased the lifetime by 10–100-fold and the apparent fatigue limit by a factor of two (to ≈150 MPa). On the other hand, the lifetime of composites at 950°C with a BN fiber coating was insensitive to the applied stress for levels up to ≈200 MPa (fatigue limit level) and was up to a thousand-fold longer than those composites having either B-doped C or undoped carbon fiber coatings. However, at 600°C, the composite with a BN fiber coating did exhibit a stress-dependent lifetime with an apparent fatigue limit of ≈150 MPa. The lifetime-limiting process in both of these composites is due to the progressive oxidation of the interface region and formation of boron-containing silicate glass, which forms a strong interfacial bond between fiber and matrix, (thus, high debond stress and interfacial shear stress), resulting in embrittlement of the composites.
We present a joint cosmic shear analysis of the Dark Energy Survey (DES Y3) and the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS-1000) in a collaborative effort between the two survey teams. We find consistent ...cosmological parameter constraints between DES Y3 and KiDS-1000 which, when combined in a joint-survey analysis, constrain the parameter S8=σ8√(Ωm/0.3) with a mean value of 0.790 +0.018 −0.014. The mean marginal is lower than the maximum a posteriori estimate, S8=0.801, owing to skewness in the marginal distribution and projection effects in the multi-dimensional parameter space. Our results are consistent with S8 constraints from observations of the cosmic microwave background by Planck, with agreement at the 1.7σ level. We use a Hybrid analysis pipeline, defined from a mock survey study quantifying the impact of the different analysis choices originally adopted by each survey team. We review intrinsic alignment models, baryon feedback mitigation strategies, priors, samplers and models of the non-linear matter power spectrum.
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a component of honeybee propolis, has been reported to hold various biochemical responses. In the preliminary study, we found that CAPE inhibited the growth of C6 ...glioma cells in a dose dependent and time dependent manner as shown by the results of trypan blue dye exclusion assay and cell proliferation assay. In addition, the cell number percentage of the G0/G1 phase increased to 85% after the treatment with 50
μM of CAPE for 24
h. After treatment with CAPE (50
μM) for 6
h, it demonstrated that the protein level of hyperphosphorylated pRb decreased, and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p21, p27, and p16 were marked up-regulated. The association of CDK2 and cyclin E that affects the CDK2 activity decreased. When C6 cells were grown as xenografts in nude mice, treatment with CAPE (1–10
mg/kg; ip) induced a significant dose dependent decrease in tumor growth by evaluating tumor volume and tumor weight. Histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CAPE treatment significantly reduced the number of mitotic cells and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells in C6 glioma. These results suggest that CAPE presents an antitumor potential for glioma by inhibiting the growth of tumor cells.
Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is an autosomal-recessive disease characterized by the combination of early-onset nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and microcephaly with brain anomalies. Here we identified ...recessive mutations in OSGEP, TP53RK, TPRKB, and LAGE3, genes encoding the four subunits of the KEOPS complex, in 37 individuals from 32 families with GAMOS. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout in zebrafish and mice recapitulated the human phenotype of primary microcephaly and resulted in early lethality. Knockdown of OSGEP, TP53RK, or TPRKB inhibited cell proliferation, which human mutations did not rescue. Furthermore, knockdown of these genes impaired protein translation, caused endoplasmic reticulum stress, activated DNA-damage-response signaling, and ultimately induced apoptosis. Knockdown of OSGEP or TP53RK induced defects in the actin cytoskeleton and decreased the migration rate of human podocytes, an established intermediate phenotype of SRNS. We thus identified four new monogenic causes of GAMOS, describe a link between KEOPS function and human disease, and delineate potential pathogenic mechanisms.
This paper presents a combined experimental and numerical effort to study solitary wave runup and rundown on beaches. Both nonbreaking and breaking solitary waves are investigated. A two-dimensional ...numerical model that solves both mean flow and turbulence is employed in this study. For the nonbreaking solitary wave on a steep slope, numerical results of the present model are verified by experimental data and numerical results obtained from the boundary integral equation method model, in terms of both velocity distribution and free surface profiles. The characteristics of flow patterns during runup and rundown phases are discussed. The vertical variations of the horizontal velocity component are large at some instances, implying that the shallow water approximation may be inaccurate even for the nonbreaking wave runup and rundown. For the breaking solitary wave on a mild slope, numerical results of the present model are compared with experimental data for free surface displacements. The present model is found to be more accurate than the depth-averaged equations models. Using this numerical model, the mean velocity field and turbulence distribution under the breaking wave are discussed.
Apparent volumes V
Φ of glycylglycine in aqueous NaX (X
=
F
−, Cl
−, and Br
−) solutions have been obtained from densities of their solutions at 298.15
K and 308.15
K measured by using a precise ...vibrating-tube digital densimeter. These values have been utilized in conjunction with the values in water to deduce partial molar volumes of transfer
Δ
trs
V
Φ
∘
from water to different aqueous NaX solutions.
Δ
trs
V
Φ
∘
values are positive. The interpretation is that these results arise from the dominant interaction of the NaX with the charged centers of glycylglycine. The results show that
Δ
trs
V
Φ
∘
depend less on the temperature. Hydration numbers and interaction coefficients have been calculated from
V
Φ
∘
and
Δ
trs
V
Φ
∘
values and the values have been interpreted in terms of various interactions.
A comparative study on characteristics of stormwater runoff from two urban lawn catchments in Macau (ELH) and Xiamen (PGH) with separated sewer system were conducted. The result obtained shows that ...COD, TP and NO3- -N are the major pollutants with mean EMC of 165.77-60.48 mg/L, 0.96-0.44 mg/L and 7.16-1.18 mg/L, respectively, and the mean values of pollutants loads of COD, TP and NO3- -N from study lawn catchments are 6.53-0.63 kg/hm2, 0.0375-0.0047 kg/hm2 and 0.0122-0.0128 kg/hm2, respectively. Peak values of major pollutant concentrations usually precede the flow peak. First flush effect of rainfall runoff from two study catchments is no obvious, which can be reflected by the low mean value of FF30 of TSS, COD, TP and NO3- -N, with 36.26%, 26.13%, 28.13% and 39.03%, respectively. Based on multivariate statistical analysis, first flush effect from urban lawn rainfall runoff is greatly influenced by total rainfall amount (Tr) and total runoff volume (V).
Personality can be thought of as a set of characteristics that influence people's thoughts, feelings and behavior across a variety of settings. Variation in personality is predictive of many outcomes ...in life, including mental health. Here we report on a meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) data for personality in 10 discovery samples (17,375 adults) and five in silico replication samples (3294 adults). All participants were of European ancestry. Personality scores for Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness were based on the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Genotype data of ≈ 2.4M single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; directly typed and imputed using HapMap data) were available. In the discovery samples, classical association analyses were performed under an additive model followed by meta-analysis using the weighted inverse variance method. Results showed genome-wide significance for Openness to Experience near the RASA1 gene on 5q14.3 (rs1477268 and rs2032794, P=2.8 × 10(-8) and 3.1 × 10(-8)) and for Conscientiousness in the brain-expressed KATNAL2 gene on 18q21.1 (rs2576037, P=4.9 × 10(-8)). We further conducted a gene-based test that confirmed the association of KATNAL2 to Conscientiousness. In silico replication did not, however, show significant associations of the top SNPs with Openness and Conscientiousness, although the direction of effect of the KATNAL2 SNP on Conscientiousness was consistent in all replication samples. Larger scale GWA studies and alternative approaches are required for confirmation of KATNAL2 as a novel gene affecting Conscientiousness.
PDF
