The development trend of the emerging marine industry affects the development of the marine economy, to study the independent innovation path of the emerging marine industry and the empirical ...analysis of its development trend. Based on the independent innovation path of the emerging marine industry, explore the development trend of the emerging marine industry. Select the added value of the emerging marine industry as the dependent variable; R&D personnel and R&D funds as the intermediary variables; innovation efficiency as the explanatory variable; and technical capabilities, technical management capabilities, technical strategies, and network capabilities as control variables, using data packets. The network analysis method establishes a development trend measurement model and analyzes the independent innovation path and development trend of the emerging marine industry through the established model. The four independent innovation paths of technological capability, technological management capability, technological strategy, and network capability have a positive incentive effect on the development of emerging marine industries, and technological capability has a higher incentive for the development of emerging marine industries. Based on the results of empirical analysis, it proposes strategies to promote the development of emerging marine industries, such as enhancing public awareness of emerging marine industries, improving long-term mechanisms for the development of emerging marine industries, and enhancing the independent innovation capabilities of emerging marine industries.
Dysregulation of lncRNAs is implicated in chemoresistance in varieties of tumor including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). LncRNA urothelial carcinoma‐associated 1 (UCA1) was reported to play an ...oncogenic role in AML. However, whether UCA1 was involved in chemoresistance in pediatric AML remains unclear. UCA1 expression in AML patients after adriamycin (ADR)‐based chemotherapy and ADR‐resistant AML cells was examined by qRT‐PCR. The effects of UCA1 on the cytotoxicity of ADR and glycolysis were evaluated by MTT assay and measuring the glucose consumption and lactate production in HL60 and HL60/ADR cells, repectively. The protein levels of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) and hexokinase 2 (HK2) were determined by Western blot. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were used to confirm the relationships between UCA1, HK2, and miR‐125a. We found that UCA1 expression was upregulated following ADR‐based chemotherapy. Knockdown of UCA1 increased the cytotoxic effect of ADR and inhibited HIF‐1α‐dependent glycolysis in ADR‐resistant AML cells. Additionally, UCA1 functioned as a ceRNA of miR‐125a by directly binding to miR‐125a. HK2, a target of miR‐125a, was positively regulated by UCA1 in HL60 and HL60/ADR cells. More notably, UCA1 overexpression overturned miR‐125‐mediated inhibition on HIF‐1α‐dependent glycolysis in HL60 and HL60/ADR cells. Furthermore, 2‐deoxy‐glucose (2‐DG) exposure inhibited HIF‐1α‐dependent glycolysis, and attenuated UCA1‐induced increase of chemoresistance in HL60 and HL60/ADR cells. We conclude that knockdown of UCA1 plays a positive role in overcoming the chemoresistance of pediatric AML, through suppressing glycolysis by the miR‐125a/HK2 pathway, contributing to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of chemoresistance in AML.
LncRNA urothelial carcinoma‐associated 1 (UCA1) was reported to play an oncogenic role in AML. However, whether UCA1 was involved in chemoresistance in pediatric AML remains unclear. We conclude that knockdown of UCA1 plays a positive role in overcoming the chemoresistance of pediatric AML, through suppressing glycolysis by the miR‐125a/HK2 pathway, contributing to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of chemoresistance in AML.
Emerging evidence indicates that exosomes derived from gastric cancer cells enhance tumor migration and invasion through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. However, it remains a major ...problem to detect cancer‐specific exosomes due to technical and biological challenges. Most of the methods reported could not achieve efficient detection of tumor‐derived exosomes in the background of normal exosomes. Herein, a label‐free electrochemical aptasensor is presented for specific detection of gastric cancer exosomes. This platform contains an anti‐CD63 antibody modified gold electrode and a gastric cancer exosome specific aptamer. The aptamer is linked to a primer sequence that is complementary to a G‐quadruplex circular template. The presence of target exosomes could trigger rolling circle amplification and produce multiple G‐quadruplex units. This horseradish peroxidase mimicking DNAzyme could catalyze the reduction of H2O2 and generate electrochemical signals. This aptasensor exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity toward gastric cancer exosomes with a detection limit of 9.54 × 102 mL−1 and a linear response range from 4.8 × 103 to 4.8 × 106 exosomes per milliliter. Therefore, this electrochemical aptasensor is expected to become a useful tool for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer.
Detecting cancer‐specific exosomes remains a major problem due to technical and biological challenges. Herein, a label‐free electrochemical aptasensor is presented for specific detection of gastric cancer exosomes. This electrochemical aptasensor is expected to become a useful tool for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer.
The support vector machine (SVM) has been widely applied for classification problems in both machine learning and statistics. Despite its popularity, however, SVM has some drawbacks in certain ...situations. In particular, the SVM classifier can be very sensitive to outliers in the training sample. Moreover, the number of support vectors (SVs) can be very large in many applications. To circumvent these drawbacks, we propose the robust truncated hinge loss SVM (RSVM), which uses a truncated hinge loss. The RSVM is shown to be more robust to outliers and to deliver more accurate classifiers using a smaller set of SVs than the standard SVM. Our theoretical results show that the RSVM is Fisher-consistent, even when there is no dominating class, a scenario that is particularly challenging for multicategory classification. Similar results are obtained for a class of margin-based classifiers.
The present work developed a new body-centered-cubic (BCC)-based Al0.4Nb0.5Ta0.5TiZr0.8 refractory high entropy alloy with coherent precipitation. The formation of cuboidal nanoprecipitates with a ...size of 25~50 nm in an 873 K-aged alloy is ascribed to a moderate lattice misfit. A Zr5Al3 phase also coexists with B2 in a same particle shape due to similar chemical compositions, in which Ti is enriched in B2 but not in Zr5Al3. The BCC/B2 coherency would be deteriorated with increasing the aging temperature, leaving coarse Zr5Al3 alone. Besides, there exist two kinds of BCC phases due to the segregations of Nb/Ta and Ti/Zr.
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Significant advances in our understanding of neutrophil biology were made in the past several years. A newly discovered mechanism was discovered, the formation of neutrophils extracellular traps ...(NETs). The structure of NETs is composed of the DNA strand and neutrophil granule proteins. NETs were found to have an association with tumor progression. This review highlights the latest knowledge about the controversial effect on tumors of NETs. Pro-tumor and anti-tumor effects are described respectively. The probable mechanisms of the anti-tumor effect are related to its direct killing of cancer cells or stimulation of the immune system to fight against the tumor. The pro-tumor effect has a correlation with matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), cathepsin G, and neutrophil elastase (NE). Moreover, the structure of the NETs makes it able to catch the circulating tumor cells, which could lead to metastasis. This review summarizes our knowledge about the proven roles of NETs in the progression of cancer with particular focus on the components of the NETs, and considers NETs as a potential target for cancer therapy.
With the attractive advantages of high efficiency and environmental friendliness, the ground-coupled heat pump system (GCHPs) has been widely applied in various buildings around the world in recent ...years, and the knowledge of underground thermal properties is a prerequisite for correct design of GCHPs. As an effective way to obtain thermal properties, thermal response test (TRT) has become a routine tool for the design of larger plants with ground heat exchangers (GHEs). This paper summarizes the specifications for in situ TRT, including test setup, minimum duration, heat input rate etc., analyzes the mathematical models currently available for GHE in TRT, and compares the parameter identification methods which are necessary to obtain reasonable properties according to in situ TRT data. In addition, this paper discusses and summarizes the shortages and imperfects of the current research on TRT and gives some recommendations for future work.
Implantable cardiac pacemakers play a vital role in extending the lives of patients with cardiovascular diseases. The technique of wireless power transfer (WPT) via magnetic coupling resonance (MCR) ...makes it possible to wirelessly and uninterruptedly supply electricity for pacemakers from external. However, the eddy current in the metallic pacemaker shell seriously impacts the electric energy receiving by receiving coils, making the WPT system operate at low efficiency. To decrease eddy current effect and increase WPT efficiency, the precise implant position of receiving coils is theoretically and experimentally investigated in this paper. The electromagnetic model of pacemaker WPT system is built and the analytical solution of induced voltage across receiving coils is derived, which is verified by experiments. Accordingly, the minimum distance between the receiving coil and the pacemaker shell is reversely calculated for enough induced voltage. Experimental results show that supplied by a power source of 5.66 V/300 kHz, the pacemaker charging system successfully charged Lithium-ion battery from 3.98 (80% residual capacity) to 4.2 V within 30 min by a 0.15 mm thickness receiving coil implanted into 4 mm subcutaneously. On the safety of charging system, electromagnetic and thermal simulation results show that the maximum SAR and temperature rise in tissues are 36.8 W/kg and 0.66 ^\circC, respectively. The results provide a theoretical and practical support for design of a wireless charging system.
Partially linear models provide a useful class of tools for modeling complex data by naturally incorporating a combination of linear and nonlinear effects within one framework. One key question in ...partially linear models is the choice of model structure, that is, how to decide which covariates are linear and which are nonlinear. This is a fundamental, yet largely unsolved problem for partially linear models. In practice, one often assumes that the model structure is given or known and then makes estimation and inference based on that structure. Alternatively, there are two methods in common use for tackling the problem: hypotheses testing and visual screening based on the marginal fits. Both methods are quite useful in practice but have their drawbacks. First, it is difficult to construct a powerful procedure for testing multiple hypotheses of linear against nonlinear fits. Second, the screening procedure based on the scatterplots of individual covariate fits may provide an educated guess on the regression function form, but the procedure is ad hoc and lacks theoretical justifications. In this article, we propose a new approach to structure selection for partially linear models, called the LAND (Linear And Nonlinear Discoverer). The procedure is developed in an elegant mathematical framework and possesses desired theoretical and computational properties. Under certain regularity conditions, we show that the LAND estimator is able to identify the underlying true model structure correctly and at the same time estimate the multivariate regression function consistently. The convergence rate of the new estimator is established as well. We further propose an iterative algorithm to implement the procedure and illustrate its performance by simulated and real examples. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Cuproptosis, a newly discovered form of cell death, is regulated by protein lipoylation and is related to mitochondrial metabolism. However, further research is needed to determine how the ...cuproptosis-related gene ferredoxin 1 (
) affects the tumor immune response and its prognostic significance in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
The Cancer Genome Atlas was used to screen for
gene expression in ccRCC and healthy tissue samples. The results were validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus and the Human Protein Atlas. Multivariable analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to examine the relationship between
gene expression, clinicopathological parameters, and overall survival (OS). The protein network containing
gene interaction was constructed using the online Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins. The relationship between
gene expression and immune cell infiltration in ccRCC was examined using Gene Ontology, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and a single-sample GSEA. Using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource databases, we investigated the relationship between
gene expression, the degree of immune cell infiltration, and the corresponding gene marker sets.
ccRCC samples had significantly (p < 0.05) lower
gene expression levels than normal tissue samples. Lower
gene expression levels were strongly associated with higher cancer grades and more advanced tumor-node-metastasis stages. The findings of multivariate and univariate analyses illustrated that the OS in ccRCC patients with low FDX1 expression is shorter than in patients with high FDX1 expression (p < 0.05). Ferredoxin reductase and CYP11A1 are key proteins interacting with the
gene, and ccRCC with an FDX1 enzyme defect was associated with a low number of invading immune cells and their corresponding marker.
In ccRCC, decreased FDX1 expression was linked to disease progression, an unfavorable prognosis, and dysregulated immune cell infiltration.
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