Cilj rada: Ispitati vrijednost IgG aviditeta u dijagnostici CMV infekcije u trudnica i novorodencadi.
Metode: Tijekom trogodišnjeg perioda (2003-2005) prikupljeni su uzorci seruma od 64 trudnice, te ...32 djece do godinu dana starosti sa suspektnom kongenitalnom/perinatalnom CMV infekcijom. Serumi su
testirani na prisustvo CMV IgM i IgG protutijela metodom ELISA, te aviditet IgG protutijela uz primjenu uree.
Rezultati: U skupini trudnica s pozitivnim IgM protutijelima, u njih 2/26 (7,6%) dokazan je porast indeksa IgG aviditeta (AI), od granicnog u visoki AI u parnim uzorcima seruma, što ukazuje na nedavnu primarnu CMV infekciju, dok je 24/26 (92,4%) imalo visok AI (prošla CMV infekcija). Sve trudnice s negativnim IgM protutijelima imale su visok AI. U djece mlade od 12 mjeseci, akutna/nedavna primarna CMV infekcija dokazana je u 8/12 (66,7%) djece s pozitivnim IgM, te u 10/20 (50,0%) djece s negativnim IgM protutijelima. U dvoje djece mlade od 3 mjeseca s visokim AI, CMV infekcija je potvrdena izolacijom virusa iz urina. U jednog od njih došlo je do pada AI iz visokog u niski, u parnom uzorku seruma.
Zakljucci: Pomocu testa IgG aviditeta moguce je razluciti primarnu od prošle CMV infekcije u trudnica i djece starije od 3 mjeseca. U djece mlade od 3 mjeseca, transplacentarno prenesena majcina IgG protutijela visokog aviditeta mogu utjecati na rezultate seroloških pretraga.
Abstract
Background: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are caused by 2 types of virus, HSV-1 and HSV-2. Both viruses are endemic worldwide. There are marked variations in the seroprevalences of ...HSV-1 and HSV-2 in Europe. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HSV infections in Croatia. Methods: During a 3-y period (2008-2010), a total of 1672 patients were tested for the presence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The overall immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroprevalence rates were 72.5% for HSV-1 and 9.9% for HSV-2. There was no significant difference in seropositivity between males and females for HSV-1 (72.0% vs 73.0%) or HSV-2 (8.9% vs 10.7%). HSV-1 seroprevalence increased from 26.4% in those aged 6 months-9 y to 89.9% in those aged 40-49 y, and remained stable thereafter, ranging from 87.4% to 91.5% (p < 0.001). HSV-2 IgG seropositivity increased progressively from 5.7% in participants aged 20-29 y to 26.5% in participants aged ≥ 60 y (p < 0.001). HSV-1 seroprevalence did not differ between participants residing in urban and rural areas (72.5% vs 72.6%). Urban place of residence was a significant factor for HSV-2 seroprevalence in univariate analysis, but after standardization for age, it was no longer significant.Conclusions: Multiple logistic regression showed that age was a significant predictor of both HSV-1 and HSV-2 seropositivity, while female gender was a significant predictor of HSV-2 seropositivity. In pregnant women, obstetric history was not a significant predictor of either HSV-1 or HSV-2 seroprevalence.
Aim:To assess the seroprevalence of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in Croatia.
Methods: During 2005, a total of 137 serum specimens from Croatian patients aged from 6 days to 51 years, without ...respiratory symptoms, were collected at the Croatian National Institute of Public Health. The sera were examined using the indirect immunofluorescent assay.
Results: The overall hMPV seropositivity rate in the samples tested was 77.4% (106/137). The seropositivity rate increased from 18.7% in children aged between 6 months and 1 year to 100% in people older than 20 years of age. The highest proportion of titers 1:512 was found in children aged from 1 to 2 years.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that hMPV infection is present in Croatia, with primary infection occurring in early childhood. This is the first study that indicates the circulation of hMPV in Croatia.
Clinical, epidemiological and laboratory findings of four patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE),
diagnosed in Croatia in 2002, were examined. Patient age at disease onset ranged ...from 5–11 years. All patients were vaccinated
regularly with MMR-vaccine. Two patients had a history of measles infection at the age of six and seven months,
respectively. In the other two patients, the disease started immediately after the varicella infection. Complement fixing
antibody titre to the measles virus (MV) ranged from 1:1024 to 1:65536 in serum, and from 1:16 to 1:128 in cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF). In CSF, no antibodies to varicella-zoster virus were found. Brain tissue samples were obtained at autopsy
from two patients. In one patient, electron microscopy demonstrated intranuclear viral inclusions (MV nucleocapsids).
MV antigen was detected in brain imprints using IFA in both of them. Viral RNA was found in brain tissue samples only,
while plasma, serum and CSF were negative. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the viruses detected in brain tissue
belong to the wild-type MV D6 genotype14.
U razdoblju od 2009-2012. godine, u Hrvatskom zavodu za javno zdravstvo testirana su 192 bolesnika u dobi od 1 do 18 godina na najčešće bakterijske uzročnike atipičnih pneumonija. Etiologija je ...potvrđena u 70 (36%) bolesnika. Kao najčešći uzročnik dokazana je Mycoplasma (M.) pneumoniae u 49/70% ispitanika. Ostali rjeđi uzročnici bili su Chlamydophila (C.) pneumoniae (11/16%) te Legionella spp. (7/10%). C. burnetii je nađena u 2/3% ispitanika, C. trachomatis u 1/1%, dok C. psittaci nije dokazana. M. pneumoniae je uzrokovala infekcije tijekom cijele godine, većinom u školske djece i adolescenata (45/92%). C. pneumoniae je sporadično bilježena tijekom cijele godine, a obolijevala su djeca svih dobnih skupina. Legionella spp. je uzrokovala infekcije u ljetnim i jesenskim mjesecima. Većina oboljelih (6/86%) bili su adolescenti.
A survey of 34 male & 54 female Croatian refugees (average age 43) living in Zagreb refugee facilities examined the frequency of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in correlation with their ...detention in a war camp & demographic variables. Results of a medical trauma questionnaire interviews, & psychiatric testing showed that a greater number of traumatic events & higher age were linked with more PTSD symptoms, but this link was influenced by educational level. A comparison between 18 respondents previously imprisoned, but not tortured, in detention camps & a nonimprisoned group with similar demographic characteristics showed no significant differences in their manifestation of PTSD symptoms. 4 Tables, 32 References. Adapted from the source document.
Cilj rada bio je utvrditi učestalost PTSP-a u prognanika iz Hrvatske
te ispitati povezanost PTSP-a s brojem trauma, posebno
s boravkom u logoru, te s demografskim varijablama. Ispitana
je grupa od 88 ...prognanika, od kojih 34 muškarca i 54 žene,
prosječne dobi 43 godine. Primijenjeni su upitnik za traume i Watsonov
intervju za PTSP. Grupa je proživjela prosječno tri traume,
a učestalost PTSP-a nakon dvije godine života u progonstvu iznosila
je 45,45%. Ustanovljeno je da se pojavnost ukupne izraženosti
simptomatike PTSP-a povećava s povećanjem broja traumatskih
događaja i s dobi osobe, a smanjuje se s većim obrazovanjem
osobe. Grupa prognanika (N=18) koji su bili zatočeni u logoru
do najviše mjesec dana, a koji nisu bili izloženi torturi, uspoređena
je s komparativnom grupom prognanika (N=18) izjednačenom
po dobi, spolu, obrazovanju i broju proživljenih trauma.
Grupe se nisu statistički značajno razlikovale u izraženosti ukupne
simptomatike PTSP-a. Zaključno, rezultati ukazuju da su mlađa
odrasla dob i obrazovanje protektivni čimbenici u reakciji na
traumu. Kratko zatočeništvo u logoru, bez torture, nije imalo zaseban
efekt na pojavnost simptomatike PTSP-a u politraumatiziranoj
grupi prognanika.
