Tobacco or human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) represent different clinical and epidemiologic entities. This study investigated the prevalence of ...HPV-positive and HPV-negative OPSCC in a reference cancer hospital in Brazil and its association with clinical and demographic data, as well as its impact on overall survival.
HPV infection was determined by p16-IHC in pre-treatment formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples from all patients with OPSCC diagnosed at Barretos Cancer Hospital between 2008 and 2018. The prevalence of HPV-positive cases and its temporal trend was assessed, and the association of clinical and demographic data with HPV infection and the impact on patient overall survival was evaluated.
A total of 797 patients with OPSCC were included in the study. The prevalence of HPV-associated tumors in the period was 20.6% 95% confidence interval, 17.5-24.0 with a significant trend for increase of HPV-positive cases over the years (annual percentage change = 12.87). In a multivariate analysis, the variables gender, level of education, smoking, tumor sublocation, region of Brazil, and tumor staging had a significant impact in HPV positivity, and a greater overall survival (OS) was observed in HPV-positive patients (5-year OS: 47.9% vs. 22.0%;
= 0.0001).
This study represents the largest cohort of Brazilian patients with OPSCC characterized according to HPV status. We report significant differences in demographics and clinical presentation according to HPV status, and an increasing trend in prevalence for HPV-induced tumors.
These findings can potentially contribute to a better stratification and management of patients as well as assist in prevention strategies.
Purpose
The use of tracheoesophageal prostheses has become the gold standard in vocal rehabilitation of patients undergoing total laryngectomy. However, this method also has limitations, such as the ...need for frequent replacement of prostheses due to leakage or other complications. We have designed a study to access the clinical profile of patients using tracheoesophageal prostheses as vocal rehabilitation after total laryngectomy and to determine the average rate of changes, as well as the main causes of prostheses replacement.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed based on patients who underwent rehabilitation with voice prostheses after total laryngectomy between 2008 and 2017.
Results
The sample consisted of 93 patients and 432 vocal prostheses replacement events. The median change of prostheses per patient was 210.25 days, (range 57.33 to 651.50). The most frequent cause of prostheses replacement was leakage through the prostheses, 218 (50.46%). Lower level of education was associated to higher prostheses replacement rate.
Conclusion
The results of this study show that the median of prostheses durability is higher than that presented in the literature, the main cause of replacement was protheses leakage and that low educational level is associated to higher replacement rate.
Nuclear and mitochondrial genes were used as molecular markers for verifying the iden-tity of fish fillets marketed as pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). Based on THE polymorphisms of nuclear DNA ...(RAG2, globin, and EF1 genes) and mitochondrial regions (16S), we examined whether the fillets originated from inbred species of pintado or from hybrids derived from crosses between cachara (P. reticulatum) and pintado. Nuclear genes from both species were detected in the analyzed fillets (n = 29). This clearly iden-tified these fish as interspecific hybrids (or F1/first filial generation) of the type “cacha-pinta,” resulting from a cross between female cachara and male pintado. These results demonstrate that monitoring fish fillet trading is crucial for detecting discrepancies between the marketed species and related information declared on the label. Species that are frequently hybridized, such as pintado and cachara, require special attention.
Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content is internationally recognized for its ability to indicate the freshness or lack of freshness of honey and can be used to judge the processing and storage condition ...of honey. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the evolution of HMF levels in fresh extracted honeys submitted to different temperatures ranging from 30 to 100º C, during pre-established time intervals (30, 45, 60, 180 and 720 minutes).The test was conducted in floral honey with an initial HMF content of 2.2 mg/Kg. The maximum value recommended by the Brazilian law (60 mg/Kg) was not exceeded in the samples subjected to heating for 30, 45 and 60 minutes regardless of the temperatures used. When the samples were heat treated during 180 minutes at 90º C the official value was surpassed. The highest values were observed in samples subjected to heating over 720 minutes, and the limit was exceeded at 70º C. The results obtained indicate that the HMF content gradually increases when the honey is heated at high temperatures for long periods. Therefore, we suggest a process optimization, considering the initial HMF content of the product and standardizing times and temperatures to ensure a good quality of the final product.
O teor de hidroximetilfurfural (HMF) é reconhecido internacionalmente pela capacidade de indicar o frescor do mel, podendo ser usado para avaliar o processamento e condições de armazenamento do mel. Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a evolução dos níveis de HMF em mel recém-obtido, submetidas a diferentes temperaturas que variaram de 30 a 100º C, por intervalos de tempo pré-definidos (30, 45, 60, 180 e 720 minutos). O ensaio foi realizado em mel floral, cujo valor inicial de HMF foi de 2,2 mg/Kg. O valor máximo preconizado pela legislação brasileira não foi ultrapassado nas amostras submetidas ao aquecimento por 30, 45 e 60 minutos independente das temperaturas. Por um período de 180 minutos, o limite legal de 60 mg/Kg foi extrapolado nas amostras tratadas a 90º C. Os valores mais elevados foram observados nas amostras submetidas ao aquecimento por 720 minutos, tendo o limite legal ultrapassado em temperatura mais branda (70º C). Com base nos resultados obtidos, pôde-se concluir que o conteúdo de HMF aumenta gradativamente quando o mel é exposto a altas temperaturas, por tempo prolongado. Sendo assim, sugere-se uma otimização nos processos de beneficiamento, considerando a quantidade inicial de HMF no produto, com processamento padronizado em temperaturas e tempo controlados para garantia da qualidade do produto final.
Nuclear and mitochondrial genes were used as molecular markers for verifying the iden-tity of fish fillets marketed as pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). Based on THE polymorphisms of nuclear DNA ...(RAG2, globin, and EF1 genes) and mitochondrial regions (16S), we examined whether the fillets originated from inbred species of pintado or from hybrids derived from crosses between cachara (P. reticulatum) and pintado. Nuclear genes from both species were detected in the analyzed fillets (n = 29). This clearly iden-tified these fish as interspecific hybrids (or F1/first filial generation) of the type “cacha-pinta,” resulting from a cross between female cachara and male pintado. These results demonstrate that monitoring fish fillet trading is crucial for detecting discrepancies between the marketed species and related information declared on the label. Species that are frequently hybridized, such as pintado and cachara, require special attention.
Nuclear and mitochondrial genes were used as molecular markers for verifying the iden-tity of fish fillets marketed as pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). Based on THE polymorphisms of nuclear DNA ...(RAG2, globin, and EF1 genes) and mitochondrial regions (16S), we examined whether the fillets originated from inbred species of pintado or from hybrids derived from crosses between cachara (P. reticulatum) and pintado. Nuclear genes from both species were detected in the analyzed fillets (n = 29). This clearly iden-tified these fish as interspecific hybrids (or F1/first filial generation) of the type “cacha-pinta,” resulting from a cross between female cachara and male pintado. These results demonstrate that monitoring fish fillet trading is crucial for detecting discrepancies between the marketed species and related information declared on the label. Species that are frequently hybridized, such as pintado and cachara, require special attention.
Nuclear and mitochondrial genes were used as molecular markers for verifying the iden-tity of fish fillets marketed as pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). Based on THE polymorphisms of nuclear DNA ...(RAG2, globin, and EF1 genes) and mitochondrial regions (16S), we examined whether the fillets originated from inbred species of pintado or from hybrids derived from crosses between cachara (P. reticulatum) and pintado. Nuclear genes from both species were detected in the analyzed fillets (n = 29). This clearly iden-tified these fish as interspecific hybrids (or F1/first filial generation) of the type “cacha-pinta,” resulting from a cross between female cachara and male pintado. These results demonstrate that monitoring fish fillet trading is crucial for detecting discrepancies between the marketed species and related information declared on the label. Species that are frequently hybridized, such as pintado and cachara, require special attention.
Nuclear and mitochondrial genes were used as molecular markers for verifying the iden-tity of fish fillets marketed as pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). Based on THE polymorphisms of nuclear DNA ...(RAG2, globin, and EF1 genes) and mitochondrial regions (16S), we examined whether the fillets originated from inbred species of pintado or from hybrids derived from crosses between cachara (P. reticulatum) and pintado. Nuclear genes from both species were detected in the analyzed fillets (n = 29). This clearly iden-tified these fish as interspecific hybrids (or F1/first filial generation) of the type “cacha-pinta,” resulting from a cross between female cachara and male pintado. These results demonstrate that monitoring fish fillet trading is crucial for detecting discrepancies between the marketed species and related information declared on the label. Species that are frequently hybridized, such as pintado and cachara, require special attention. --- Marcadores moleculares (PCR-Multiplex de genes nucleares e mitocondriais) foram uti-lizados para verificar a identidade molecular de filés de peixe comercializados como pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) com base em polimorfismos de regiões do DNA nuclear (genes RAG2, globina e EF1) e mitocondriais (16S) para verificar se os filés per-tenciam a espécie pura de pintado ou se eram híbridos derivados do cruzamento entre cachara (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum) e pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). Os filés analisados (n = 29) apresentaram genes nucleares de ambas espécies P. corruscans e P. reticulatum, e desta forma, foram identificados como híbridos interespecíficos ou F1 (primeira geração filial) do tipo “cachapinta” resultante do cruzamento entre uma fêmea de cachara e um macho de pintado. Estes resultados mostram que o monitora-mento da comercialização de filés de peixe é fundamental para identificar situações onde existem diferenças entre as espécies comercializadas e as informações declaradas no rótulo. Espécies em que a hibridação tem sido frequentemente realizada como é o caso do pintado e da cachara, merecem atenção especial.
Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content is internationally recognized for its ability to indicate the freshness or lack of freshness of honey and can be used to judge the processing and storage condition ...of honey. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the evolution of HMF levels in fresh extracted honeys submitted to different temperatures ranging from 30 to 100º C, during pre-established time intervals (30, 45, 60, 180 and 720 minutes).The test was conducted in floral honey with an initial HMF content of 2.2 mg/Kg. The maximum value recommended by the Brazilian law (60 mg/Kg) was not exceeded in the samples subjected to heating for 30, 45 and 60 minutes regardless of the temperatures used. When the samples were heat treated during 180 minutes at 90º C the official value was surpassed. The highest values were observed in samples subjected to heating over 720 minutes, and the limit was exceeded at 70º C. The results obtained indicate that the HMF content gradually increases when the honey is heated at high temperatures for long periods. Therefore, we suggest a process optimization, considering the initial HMF content of the product and standardizing times and temperatures to ensure a good quality of the final product.O teor de hidroximetilfurfural (HMF) é reconhecido internacionalmente pela capacidade de indicar o frescor do mel, podendo ser usado para avaliar o processamento e condições de armazenamento do mel. Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a evolução dos níveis de HMF em mel recém-obtido, submetidas a diferentes temperaturas que variaram de 30 a 100º C, por intervalos de tempo pré-definidos (30, 45, 60, 180 e 720 minutos). O ensaio foi realizado em mel floral, cujo valor inicial de HMF foi de 2,2 mg/Kg. O valor máximo preconizado pela legislação brasileira não foi ultrapassado nas amostras submetidas ao aquecimento por 30, 45 e 60 minutos independente das temperaturas. Por um período de 180 minutos, o limite legal de 60 mg/Kg foi extrapolado nas amostras tratadas a 90º C. Os valores mais elevados foram observados nas amostras submetidas ao aquecimento por 720 minutos, tendo o limite legal ultrapassado em temperatura mais branda (70º C). Com base nos resultados obtidos, pôde-se concluir que o conteúdo de HMF aumenta gradativamente quando o mel é exposto a altas temperaturas, por tempo prolongado. Sendo assim, sugere-se uma otimização nos processos de beneficiamento, considerando a quantidade inicial de HMF no produto, com processamento padronizado em temperaturas e tempo controlados para garantia da qualidade do produto final.
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