El objetivo es analizar las condiciones laborales objetivas y subjetivas de los empleados de los alojamientos urbanos de Villavicencio. Metodológicamente, se siguió un enfoque cuantitativo con diseño ...no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional. La información se obtuvo de 142 empleados de hoteles inscritos en el Registro Nacional de Turismo en Villavicencio, mediante el instrumento CV GOHISALO. El análisis contempla la multidimensionalidad laboral objetiva y subjetiva y la ponderación de variables objetivas. Los resultados muestran un Índice de la Calidad del Empleo Objetivo promedio de 57,49 puntos, sin alcanzar un nivel aceptable. El salario es la variable que presenta la mayor insatisfacción, luego está la administración del tiempo libre y desarrollo personal. Se concluye que las empresas hoteleras de Villavicencio posiblemente se han concentrado en estrategias para la productividad, competitividad y el crecimiento económico, descuidando la CVL y la desmotivación en el trabajador al descuidar su integridad psicológica, humana, familiar y social.
Objetivo. Caracterizar la avifauna presente en la granja agroecológica Ekonukos de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios, como fuente de información para la descripción y desarrollo de futuros ...modelos de aviturismo, educación ambiental y acciones de conservación en el área de estudio. Materiales y métodos. Se definieron cuatro zonas de acuerdo con su cobertura vegetal o uso del suelo (Zona de edificaciones o habitable-ZE, Bosque secundario BS, Zona de cultivos ZC y Pastizales o zona abierta-Pza). En cada zona se estableció un punto de observación con radio fijo, se realizaron observaciones y se practicaron recorridos mediante transectos lineales. Las especies registradas fueron identificadas y categorizadas por tipo de hábitat (ZE, BS, ZC o Pza), alimentación, frecuencia de registros y estado de amenaza o conservación. Resultados. Se encontraron 84 especies de aves, distribuidas en 18 órdenes, 34 familias y 74 géneros. El orden Passeriformes presentó la mayor riqueza de especies al igual que las familias Tyrannidae y Thraupidae. Del total de especies, 79 corresponden a poblaciones residentes, cuatro a migratorias boreales y una migratoria austral. A demás, la especie Amazona farinosa está en estado de amenaza, en la categoría NT o casi amenazada. Conclusiones. Las especies encontradas constituyen un aporte importante para el conocimiento de la avifauna local e invita a realizar acciones de restauración y manejo de la flora del sitio de estudio, con el fin de generar una mejor conectividad con las áreas cercanas y oferta alimenticia para las especies encontradas.
El objetivo es analizar las condiciones laborales objetivas y subjetivas de los empleados de los alojamientos urbanos de Villavicencio. Metodológicamente, se siguió un enfoque cuantitativo con diseño ...no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional. La información se obtuvo de 142 empleados de hoteles inscritos en el Registro Nacional de Turismo en Villavicencio, mediante el instrumento CV GOHISALO. El análisis contempla la multidimensionalidad laboral objetiva y subjetiva y la ponderación de variables objetivas. Los resultados muestran un Índice de la Calidad del Empleo Objetivo promedio de 57,49 puntos, sin alcanzar un nivel aceptable. El salario es la variable que presenta la mayor insatisfacción, luego está la administración del tiempo libre y desarrollo personal. Se concluye que las empresas hoteleras de Villavicencio posiblemente se han concentrado en estrategias para la productividad, competitividad y el crecimiento económico, descuidando la CVL y la desmotivación en el trabajador al descuidar su integridad psicológica, humana, familiar y social.
El objetivo de la investigación consiste en identificar las variables que inciden en las decisiones financieras de corto plazo, determinantes del flujo de caja en las Mipymes. Se realizó una ...investigación mixta, con base en una encuesta aplicada a 278 gerentes de Micro, Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (MIPYMES) en Colombia. Los datos fueron analizados mediante regresión logística binaria y se gestionó información mediante talleres orientados al manejo de eventos multipropósito, donde la capacitación, la conversación informal a manera de grupo focal y la observación de las reacciones de los participantes frente a la intencionalidad y trascendencia del proyecto son la esencia. Los resultados muestran que las decisiones financieras en la Mipymes, están en cabeza de los directores, quienes deben esgrimir su liderazgo, experiencia, conocimiento y habilidades en formación financiera y estratégica para la toma de decisiones orientadas a optimizar el flujo de caja, aún sin la capacitación óptima requerida. Circunstancia que en buena parte especialmente en empresas micro, pequeñas y medianas, nuevas en el mercado, los lleva a financiar su actividad con recursos propios, de familiares o crédito informal y muy pocos optan por la financiación externa. Las decisiones financieras operacionales se convierten en un proceso complejo, empírico, despreocupado e improvisado para muchas Mipymes, siendo este un atenuante de la falta de sostenibilidad en el mercado y del amplio margen de fracaso.
Clinical decompensation of cirrhosis is associated with poor prognosis. Clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH), defined by a hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) ≥10 mm Hg, is the ...strongest predictor of decompensation. This study aimed at assessing whether lowering HVPG with β blockers could decrease the risk of decompensation or death in compensated cirrhosis with CSPH.
This study on β blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis with portal hypertension (PREDESCI) was an investigator-initiated, double-blind, randomised controlled trial done in eight hospitals in Spain. We enrolled patients with compensated cirrhosis and CSPH without high-risk varices. All participants had HVPG measurements with assessment of acute HVPG-response to intravenous propranolol. Responders (HVPG-decrease ≥10%) were randomly assigned to propranolol (up to 160 mg twice a day) versus placebo and non-responders to carvedilol (≤25 mg/day) versus placebo. Doses were individually determined during an open-label titration period after which randomisation was done with 1:1 allocation by a centralised web-based system. The primary endpoint was incidence of cirrhosis decompensation (defined as development of ascites, bleeding, or overt encephalopathy) or death. Since death in compensated cirrhosis is usually unrelated to the liver, an intention-to-treat analysis considering deaths unrelated to the liver as competing events was done. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01059396. The trial is now completed.
Between Jan 18, 2010, and July 31, 2013, 631 patients were evaluated and 201 were randomly assigned. 101 patients received placebo and 100 received active treatment (67 propranolol and 33 carvedilol). The primary endpoint occurred in 16 (16%) of 100 patients in the β blockers group versus 27 (27%) of 101 in the placebo group (hazard ratio HR 0·51, 95% CI 0·26–0·97, p=0·041). The difference was due to a reduced incidence of ascites (HR 0·42, 95% CI 0·19–0·92, p=0·03). The overall incidence of adverse events was similar in both groups. Six patients (four in the β blockers group) had severe adverse events.
Long-term treatment with β blockers could increase decompensation-free survival in patients with compensated cirrhosis and CSPH, mainly by reducing the incidence of ascites.
Spanish Ministries of Health and Economy.
PCR on nasopharyngeal exudates, the cornerstone of the detection of SARS-CoV-2, is time-consuming and commonly unavailable at primary health care centres. Detection of viral nucleocapsid antigens ...using lateral flow point-of-care tests is helpful for the early triage of patients who attend health care facilities.
This was a prospective study carried out in clinically suspected cases and close asymptomatic contacts who attended a primary care centre (Madrid, Spain) for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Patients were divided into three 300-patient cohorts (n = 200 symptomatic cases and n = 100 close asymptomatic contacts per cohort). Three antigen detection tests (SGTI-Flex COVID-19 Ag, Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test Device, and GSD NovaGen SARS-CoV-2 Ag Rapid Test) were used and compared. Paired nasopharyngeal exudates were obtained, one swab for PCR and the other for antigen detection. Each antigen detection test was evaluated on one cohort.
All tests showed invariably 100% specificity. Sensitivity was 68.9% (95% CI: 55.7–80; SGTI-Flex), 71.1% (95% CI: 55.6–83.6; Panbio), and 84.6% (95% CI: 72–93.1; NovaGen) in clinically suspected patients and 84.6% (95% CI: 54.5–98.1), 33.3% (95% CI: 11.8–61.6), and 55.6% (95% CI: 30.7–78.4) in close asymptomatic contacts, respectively. Sensitivity was systematically higher in samples yielding positive PCR results with Ct ≤ 20.
We found considerable test-to-test antigen detection variations among patients with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 and close asymptomatic contacts. Negative antigen results, regardless of the test used, should be confirmed by PCR.
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Production of cyclic carbonates from epoxidized vegetable oils allows to introduce CO2 into the molecular structure of renewable and highly functional resources, obtaining high added value products, ...which also could serve as precursors for chemicals with a high potential, such as non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs).
The selection of supercritical CO2 avoids the use of organic solvents and enhances reaction yields since it helps to overcome mass transfer limitations due to its unique properties.
The process requires high-efficient catalysis a new class of bifunctional imidazole-based catalysts, and quaternary ammonium salts has been the chosen to perform a complete kinetic study about the carbonation of triglycerides in scCO2.
Finally, an optimization study based on a screening experimental design of the operating conditions (T, P and catalyst ratio) is carried out, followed by a comparative study of the reaction performance through phase transition, that highlights a boosting effect caused by supercritical CO2 phase environment.
At 120ºC, 125 bar of CO2 pressure and 7.5 mol% IOC (Iodine-based Imidazole Organo-Catalyst) catalyst ratio, the faster kinetic rate so far is for ESBO supercritical carbonation is obtained, kIOC= 2.28·10-1 h-1.
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•Imidazole-based organocatalysts show a significant kinetic enhancement compared to quaternary ammonium salts.•ESBO carbonation degree and conditions can be tuned to obtain a specific desired CSBO product.•Reaction yield is favored by scCO2 conditions as reaction media by more than 15% and pressure influence greatly increases.•Optimized CSBO synthesis kinetics supported by IOC catalysts are represented by its rate constant kIOC= 2.28·10-1 h-1.
Cluster headache: state of the art in treatment Rodriguez-Leyva, Ildefonso; Velez-Jimenez, Maria-Karina; García, Silvia ...
Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland),
10/2023, Volume:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Cluster headache (CH) is the most common and devastating autonomic headache with multiple and recent advances in treatment. However, it usually goes unrecognized and is found to have a delayed and ...inappropriate treatment. This paper aims to review the current therapeutic options for patients with CH. We conducted a narrative literature review on the treatments available for this condition using the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) classification of therapeutic evidence. We found effective and safe pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies with heterogeneity of clinical trial designs for patients with CH, and they are divided into three phases, namely, transitional, acute, and preventive interventions. Prednisone (A) is the most studied treatment in the transitional phase; acute attacks are treated using triptans (A), oxygen (A), and non-invasive transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation (A). Verapamil (A) and monoclonal antibodies (possible A) are considered the first options in preventive treatments, followed by multiple pharmacological and non-pharmacological options in prophylactic treatments. In conclusion, numerous effective and safe treatments are available in treating patients with episodic, chronic, and pharmacoresistant CH according to the clinical profile of each patient.
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 1217 Mexicans from the Mexico City Metropolitan Area living in the northern (N = 751), southern ...(N = 52), eastern (N = 79), western (N = 33), and central (N = 152) Mexico City, and rural communities (N = 150), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We found that the most frequent haplotypes include 11 Native American haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components are Native American (63.85 ± 1.55% by ML; 57.19% of Native American haplotypes) and European (28.53 ± 3.13% by ML; 28.40% of European haplotypes), and a less apparent African genetic component (7.61 ± 1.96% by ML; 7.17% of African haplotypes).
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 122 Mexicans from the state of Hidalgo living in the city of Pachuca (N = 41) and rural ...communities (N = 81), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the most frequent haplotypes in Hidalgo include eight Native American and one European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in Hidalgo are Native American (58.93 ± 2.16% by ML; 54.51% of Native American haplotypes) and European (32.49 ± 2.88% by ML; 28.69% of European haplotypes), and a relatively high African genetic component (8.58 ± 0.93% by ML; 6.97% of African haplotypes).
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