Evidence demonstrating the essential role of human service nonprofits in restoring justice to communities has led to an increased need in understanding how these nonprofits view their service ...delivery role in relation to the state in a restorative justice context. Despite the increase in funding dedicated to restorative justice programs and increased collaborations between states and nonprofits, few studies have explored perceptions of collaborative restorative justice roles in state-led initiatives. This exploratory qualitative study uses semi-structured interviews to understand how leaders in these programs view their organization’s roles in restorative justice implementation. The analysis evaluates the variations in perceptions among nonprofits leaders as well as the differences in perceptions between nonprofit versus public managers/policy makers. Results indicate that nonprofit leaders and public managers/policy makers view nonprofits as pivotal to restorative justice policy implementation given their capacity to engage in grassroots problem-solving and develop strengths-based programs.
This simulation provides public administration, public policy, and management students and practitioners with an immersive disaster scenario. The table-top exercise provides an example of how ...municipal leaders can prepare for disaster scenarios and the importance of embedding social equity into disaster response. Additionally, it provides an example of how to embed social equity in the planning and development of disaster response planning and preparation. This classroom-based group simulation takes approximately 90 minutes (20 minutes for preparation, 50 minutes for the simulation case study, and 20 minutes for discussion) and also includes barriers to disaster relief experienced by minority populations. The case is organized into three sections and concludes with teaching notes and discussion questions.
American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) suitability criteria for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) and the 21-gene recurrence score (RS) were evaluated for prognostic and ...predictive benefit in IORT patients.
Outcomes of 184 patients completing IRB approved IORT protocol were retrospectively reviewed. Data included demographics, histopathology, RS, adjuvant therapy, locoregional (LRR) and distant recurrences (DR), and breast cancer-specific survival.
There were 10 (5.4%) breast cancer recurrences, including one breast cancer-specific death. All 184 patients were classified by ASTRO suitability criteria (suitable: 64% (5 LRR), cautionary: 30% (3 LRR), unsuitable: 6.0% (1 LRR, 1 DR leading to death). RS were available in 114 estrogen receptor positive patients (<11: 22% (1 LRR), 11–25: 63% (1 LRR), 26–30: 9%, >30: 6%). Mean follow-up was 55 months.
ASTRO suitability criteria for APBI and RS were useful in making prognostic and therapeutic recommendations for patients considering IORT.
•The recurrence rate for IORT patients (mean follow-up: 55 months) was 5.4%.•ASTRO suitability criteria were useful in IORT patient selection.•21-gene recurrence score provided predictive chemotherapy benefit for IORT patients.
Moore, A. H., Olschowka, J. A., Williams, J. P., Paige, S. L. and O'Banion, M. K. Radiation-Induced Edema is Dependent on Cyclooxygenase 2 Activity in Mouse Brain. Radiat. Res. 161, 153–160 (2004). ...Cerebrovascular dysfunction, characterized by compromise of the blood–brain barrier and formation of cerebral edema, is common during the acute period after brain irradiation and may contribute to delayed pathology (e.g. vascular collapse, white matter necrosis) that leads to functional deficits. Another response of normal brain tissue to radiation is the induction of inflammatory markers, such as cytokine expression and glial activation. In particular, radiation-induced neuroinflammation is associated with an elevation in cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), one of two isoforms of the obligate enzyme in prostanoid synthesis and the principal target of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. Since prostanoids serve as autocrine and paracrine mediators in numerous physiological and pathological processes, including vasoregulation, we investigated COX2 protein expression and COX2-mediated prostanoid production in radiation-induced cerebral edema in male C57/BL6 mice. We found that radiation induces COX2 protein that is accompanied by specific increases in prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane A2 within 4 and 24 h after brain irradiation. Furthermore, we showed that treatment with NS-398, a selective COX2 inhibitor, attenuated prostanoid induction and edema formation. These results suggest that radiation-induced changes in vascular permeability are dependent on COX2 activity, implicating this enzyme and its products as targets for potential therapeutic treatment/protection from the effects of radiation on normal brain tissue.
Four subcluster L2 mycobacteriophages, Finemlucis, Miley16, Wilder, and Zakai, that infect
mc
155 were isolated. The four phages are closely related to each other and code for 12 to 14 tRNAs and 130 ...to 132 putative protein-coding genes, including tyrosine integrases,
, immunity repressors, and excise genes involved in the establishment of lysogeny.
We examine stock price reactions to announced calls of in‐the‐money warrants and find a significant average devaluation in excess of 4 percent, consistent with the recent literature. We test ...theoretical predictions based on asymmetric information, agency costs, and corporate control in a cross‐sectional model of announcement‐period returns and find support for voting rights and ownership dilution as an explanation. We find evidence of some price recovery after the call announcement; however, further evidence of a liquidity‐based explanation is mixed.
We reexamine evidence of wealth effects on various classes of security holders due to calls of convertible bonds and preferred stocks. Significant average devaluations of common equity documented in ...previous research are found in our sample and, unlike earlier studies, evidence is reported of a significant wealth transfer from common stockholders to senior security holders upon announcement of calls of convertible bonds. Thus, for convertible bond calls, some of the adverse price reaction for common stocks is gained by senior claimants.
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