With the evolution of the Internet and smartphone devices, Internet advertising has become one of the most important methods for delivering promotional marketing messages to customers. However, the ...efficiency of Internet advertising for microenterprise is not very high, since Wi-Fi advertising-which is limited by a small router coverage area-is mainly used. Moreover, because of the lack of money, microenterprises have been using low-cost methods to promote their products. Thus, enhancing the effectiveness of Wi-Fi advertising, and solving the problem of cost and the range of the views are now an essential investigation in this study. In this paper, we propose a reciprocal model with Wi-Fi union mechanism for Internet advertising based on fog computing architecture to enhance the efficiency of advertisement, reduce the cost, and increase the range of the views for microenterprise by using the Internet. In particular, the system was built in advertisers', publishers', and consumers' sides. In our system, we use contribution point (CP) as an exchange value among the participants. Advertisers and publishers can get CP by helping the others in the system to promote their advertisements, increasing their CP by one unit. Similarly, advertisers and publishers can use their CP to ask for assistance from the others, decreasing their CP by one unit. The result shows that the system in a Wi-Fi union is easy to use, and advertisements can be seen by all customers who are using free Wi-Fi from the stores of the union. This method can solve the problem of cost and fixed consumer groups.
Comorbid primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represent a unique disease phenotype with a different risk profile than PSC or IBD alone. While the pathogenetic ...mechanisms behind both diseases remain unclear, recent studies have targeted several immune-mediated pathways in an attempt to find a potential therapeutic target. Patients with PSC-associated IBD typically exhibit pancolitis with a right-to-left intestinal inflammatory gradient associated with a greater incidence of backwash ileitis and rectal sparing. Although there is an increased incidence of pancolitis in this population, bowel symptoms tend to be less significant than in IBD alone. Likewise, the degree of inflammation and symptoms of PSC-associated IBD are characteristically less clinically significant. Despite the relatively quiescent clinical presentation of PSC-associated IBD, there is an increased risk for colorectal and hepatobiliary malignancy making vigilance for malignancy essential.
We now use the Internet of things (IoT) in our everyday lives. The novel IoT devices collect cyber–physical data and provide information on the environment. Hence, IoT traffic will count for a major ...part of Internet traffic; however, its impact on the network is still widely unknown. IoT devices are prone to cyberattacks because of constrained resources or misconfigurations. It is essential to characterize IoT traffic and identify each device to monitor the IoT network and discriminate among legitimate and anomalous IoT traffic. In this study, we deployed a smart-home testbed comprising several IoT devices to study IoT traffic. We performed extensive measurement experiments using a novel IoT traffic generator tool called IoTTGen. This tool can generate traffic from multiple devices, emulating large-scale scenarios with different devices under different network conditions. We analyzed the IoT traffic properties by computing the entropy value of traffic parameters and visually observing the traffic on behavior shape graphs. We propose a new method for identifying traffic entropy-based devices, computing the entropy values of traffic features. The method relies on machine learning to classify the traffic. The proposed method succeeded in identifying devices with a performance accuracy up to 94% and is robust with unpredictable network behavior with traffic anomalies spreading in the network.
Using a solvent‐free method, zeolite NaA was synthesized from raw kaolin, collected from Binh Duong, Vietnam. The synthesis involved thermal hydration under an alkaline solution. The catalysts based ...on binary nickel‐silver nanoparticles were prepared through in situ reduction of metal salts in aqueous zeolitic suspension using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. The catalysts were fully characterized by various techniques such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The physicochemical properties of these catalysts were studied in detail, in which the formation of body‐centered cubic crystal zeolite NaA (1‐2 μ m) containing the spherical shape of metallic nanoparticles with a particle size around 8–20 nm was observed. The hydrodechlorination of 2,4‐dichlorophenol was performed to confirm the high catalytic activity and stability of the 10%NiAg/ZA catalyst. The results showed that the catalyst achieved over 91% conversion initially and 73% conversion after five re‐uses.
Purpose:
Radio frequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is a well‐established clinical procedure for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) but suffers from a low single‐procedure success rate. ...Recurrence of AF is most likely attributable to discontinuous or nontransmural ablation lesions. Yet, despite this urgent clinical need, there is no clinically available imaging modality that can reliably map the lesion transmural extent in real time. In this study, the authors demonstrated the feasibility of shear‐wave elastography (SWE) to map quantitatively the stiffness of RFCA‐induced thermal lesions in cardiac tissues in vitro and in vivo using an intracardiac transducer array.
Methods:
SWE was first validated in ex vivo porcine ventricular samples (N = 5). Both B‐mode imaging and SWE were performed on normal cardiac tissue before and after RFCA. Areas of the lesions were determined by tissue color change with gross pathology and compared against the SWE stiffness maps. SWE was then performed in vivo in three sheep (N = 3). First, the stiffness of normal atrial tissues was assessed quantitatively as well as its variation during the cardiac cycle. SWE was then performed in atrial tissue after RFCA.
Results:
A large increase in stiffness was observed in ablated ex vivo regions (average shear modulus across samples in normal tissue: 22 ± 5 kPa, average shear‐wave speed (ct): 4.5 ± 0.4 m s−1 and in determined ablated zones: 99 ± 17 kPa, average ct: 9.0 ± 0.5 m s−1 for a mean shear modulus increase ratio of 4.5 ± 0.9). In vivo, a threefold increase of the shear modulus was measured in the ablated regions, and the lesion extension was clearly visible on the stiffness maps.
Conclusions:
By its quantitative and real‐time capabilities, Intracardiac SWE is a promising intraoperative imaging technique for the evaluation of thermal ablation during RFCA.
This letter presents the compact and high-efficiency Class-F rectifier with a novel multiharmonic termination network for wireless power transfer (WPT). This network deploys only four transmission ...lines (TLINs), which allows harmonic control up to the sixth order and provide fundamental input impedance matching, simultaneously; enabling an efficient Class-F behavior. The implemented rectifier exhibits a superior power conversion efficiency of 82.2% at 2.4 GHz for an input power level of 15 dBm, and has a size of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0.24\,\,\lambda \times 0.16\,\,\lambda </tex-math></inline-formula>, indicating clear advantages in high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and compactness over the other designs.
Chronic pain is associated with abnormal cortical excitability and increased pain intensity. Research investigating the potential for transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to modulate motor ...cortex excitability and reduce pain in individuals with chronic lower back pain (CLBP) yield mixed results. The present randomised, placebo-controlled study examined the impact of anodal-tDCS over left-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (left-DLPFC) on motor cortex excitability and pain in those with CLBP. Nineteen participants with CLBP (Mage = 53.16 years, SDage = 14.80 years) received 20-min of sham or anodal tDCS, twice weekly, for 4 weeks. Short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) were assessed using paired-pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation prior to and immediately following the tDCS intervention. Linear Mixed Models revealed no significant effect of tDCS group or time, on SICI or ICF. The interactions between tDCS group and time on SICI and ICF only approached significance. Bayesian analyses revealed the anodal-tDCS group demonstrated higher ICF and SICI following the intervention compared to the sham-tDCS group. The anodal-tDCS group also demonstrated a reduction in pain intensity and self-reported disability compared to the sham-tDCS group. These findings provide preliminary support for anodal-tDCS over left-DLPFC to modulate cortical excitability and reduce pain in CLBP.
Background and objective: Production of γ-aminobutyric acid has recently much interested because of its benefits for health. The objective of this study was to optimize γ-aminobutyric acid production ...by a novel identified Lactiplantibacillus pentosus isolated from a fermented shrimp paste of ruoc. Material and Methods: A species of lactic acid bacterial was isolated from ‘ruoc’, a high-salt fermented shrimp paste and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The γ-aminobutyric acid production was optimized using various culture conditions (initial cell density from 5 ´ 105 to 5 ´ 107 CFU ml-1, monosodium glutamate concentration of 0.5-2% (w v-1), initial pH of 4-9, incubation temperature of 30-50 °C and incubation time of 24-120 h) with one-factor-at-a-time approach. Result and conclusion: Of 20 lactic acid bacteria isolated from ‘ruoc’, four isolates of R1, R3, R12 and R13 produced significant quantities of γ-aminobutyric acid. Isolate R13 produced the highest γ-aminobutyric acid quantity, identified as Lactiplantibacillus pentosus using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. A culture media optimization study was carried out for Lactiplantibacillus pentosus R13 to improve its γ-aminobutyric acid yield. Results showed that at optimal conditions of 1.5% monosodium glutamate (w v-1), initial pH of 7, initial cell density of 5 ´ 106 CFU ml-1, cultivation temperature of 45 °C and fermentation time of 96 h, Lactiplantibacillus pentosus R13 produced 23.34 mM ±0.11 of γ-aminobutyric acid. In conclusion, γ-aminobutyric acid production by this isolate was verified to be heavily dependent on monosodium glutamate concentration, initial cell density, initial pH, incubation temperature and fermentation time.
A high frequency approximation method is proposed to obtain the scattering from rectangular dielectric cuboids. Our formulation is based on a Kirchhoff type aperture integration of the equivalent ...current sources over the surface of the scattering bodies. The derived formulae have been used to get the radar cross section of cuboids, and the results are compared with those by other methods, such as physical optics, geometrical theory of diffraction, the HFSS simulation and measurements. Good agreement has been observed to confirm the validity of our method.
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