The maritime industry, a cornerstone of global trade and commerce, is currently undergoing a significant transformation, primarily driven by technological advancements. Human resource development ...(HRD) in maritime industry has become a focal point, aimed at improving operational efficiency, safety, and competitiveness. This research paper conducts an in-depth examination of digital tools and its challenges in the context of maritime HRD through bibliometric analysis. The findings indicate the presence of a variety of digital technologies, such as e-learning platforms (ELP), learning management systems (LMS), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), gamification, and artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). Nevertheless, the maritime sector may encounter a range of obstacles including issues related to security concerns, skill gaps, strategic planning, change management, budget constraints, and regulatory compliance. To effectively address these difficulties, it is essential to adopt a comprehensive strategy that includes many components such as cybersecurity measures, efforts for talent development, strategic alignment, change management techniques, budgetary restraint, and legal scrutiny. The findings of this study have significant consequences for the maritime sector, governments, and the academic community. It is recommended that maritime sector can use digitization as a fundamental component of their competitiveness and safety measures.
Port State Control (PSC) is a critical inspection mechanism used to regulate and remove substandard foreign ships in national ports, with the aim of ensuring compliance with safety and pollution ...regulations to prevent threats to the environment. With the heavy and concentrated traffic volumes at ports, executing efficient and effective PSC inspections has become increasingly challenging. This study investigates the risk factors of ship detention and identifies the most critical factor for detention to strengthen maritime safety and environmental protection towards cleaner environment. Using six years dataset with a total inspection of 178,153 from 2010 to 2015, a Bayesian network model was developed to analyze the influencing factors of inspection that lead to detention viz. The flag State, ship type, recognized organization, inspection authority and ship age. The results indicate that the flag State has the greatest influence, followed by ship type, recognized organization, inspection authority and ship age in descending order of importance. These findings guide PSC officers and ship owners in identifying critical areas to enhance maritime safety, promote environmental sustainability and achieve a cleaner environment. A similar approach can be applied to PSC inspection records from other years for further analysis.
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•PSC regulates and removes substandard foreign vessels in national ports.•PSC ensures compliance with safety and pollution regulations.•Efficient and effective PSC inspections are challenging due to heavy traffic.•Identifies key factor for detention to enhance safety and environmental protection.•Bayesian model analyzes factors for PSC inspections, promoting sustainability.
A comprehensive maritime industry policy that can be adequately monitored to achieve a competitive advantage is important. The Malaysian maritime industry comprises multifaceted sectors that are ...governed by fragmented governmental agencies. In this research, we investigated the Malaysian maritime industry cluster comprising three main sectors: Shipping, Ship Industry, Ports and Terminals. The Strength Indicator Model has been developed to reveals the maritime industry cluster. We find that the Competitions, Locations, Connections, Government and Chances factors affect the capability of the Malaysian maritime industry cluster. The result of this study will give a framework for Regulatory bodies and the various stakeholders to support the Malaysia maritime industry progressing toward a more competitive and sustainable development of the industry with the aim to become the developed maritime nation.
(1) illustrated the flow of process for analyzing the maritime industry strength, consists of the Location Quotient approach that will be used for structuring the Malaysian maritime industry into three main sectors: Shipping sector, Ship Industry Sector, Ports and Terminal sector; the Delphi process will be used for collecting information from maritime experts and Strength Indicator Model that has been developed during this study, designed to analysis data from the Delphi surveys that attempts to reveals the Malaysian maritime industry strength.
The Policies and Strategies toward monitoring and maintaining this industry to ensure the maritime communities are in same plying field. This process will be Follow-up periodically to generate a new policy.
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► We evaluated and modeled all the factors which have contributed to the strength of the Malaysian maritime industry cluster. ► The research found that the industry cluster strength is related to the strategic locations, positive constructive competition and effective connections between the industry and government interventions. ► The maritime industry clusters can be monitored and managed towards a more competitive and sustainable development of the Industry. ► 20 policy features and 5 core strategies were developed to enhance the competitiveness of the maritime industry cluster.
The maritime sector in Malaysia is best known globally due to the Straits of Malacca and being a nation surrounded by sea. Malaysia also has a substantial maritime industry consisting of numerous ...shipyards, ports and terminal faculties, ship services and a plethora of other companies and institutions with maritime oriented activities and become essential components of the Malaysia’s maritime clusters. Issues such as underutilised intermodal terminals, uneven proportions in the freight transport infrastructure and road and seaport congestions prevent Malaysian seaports from achieving their full potential in serving their respective hinterlands. The key factors to improve Malaysian dry port or intermodal terminals are transport network; container planning; competition; location and, externalities. The paper does not only present the critical challenges faced by Malaysian intermodal terminals especially dry ports and the implications for seaport competency but it also provides strategies to utilise the Malaysian freight multimodal system to amplify seaports’ performance in serving their hinterlands. As such, this may warrant policy makers to devise a comprehensive national master plan for the maritime sector in order for Malaysia to further develop her maritime industry and economies.
About 94.8 per cent of Malaysian trade is depending on collective inter/intra-regional maritime networks. Straits of Malacca is an important strait and the only strait that connecting Indian Ocean ...and South China Sea which contributes to the nation’s economic growth significantly. This strait plays a key character to enable the trade connection between east and west of the globe. In average, about 63,000 different types of vessels passing through the strait per year and the number of the vessels keep accelerating every year. Conversely, the introduction of Thai Canal to detour the trade voyage between Indian Ocean to South China Sea is expecting to reduce about three to four days journey time between these two passages. Although the development of this canal is predicted to provide substantial benefits to shipping lines, the grey area or disadvantages change to implications of this canal need to be explored especially on Malaysian trade and infrastructure. Therefore, a qualitative approach has been employed to achieve the aim of this paper. Face-to-face interviews with experts from various agencies had been conducted to gather information on the impact of Thai Canal on Malaysian trade and infrastructure. The outcome of this paper indicates that the implication of Thai Canal reduces the productivity of Malaysian seaports, transformation of seaports in northern region as a major hub of the nation, enforcing equal regional development between west and east coast Malaysia and administering dramatic progress on multimodalism in each state. The outcome of this research is important as an input for the preparation of Malaysian seaport system due to any significant changes in the trade route. Although, the development of Thai Canal reduce the overdependence on Malacca Straits, the impact of this this new canal will affects the trade performance of this region. Hence, this paper is significant to understand the implications that might occur to this nation due to dynamism of maritime logistics.
Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in national ports assists in the removal of substandard ship commerce from the global sea and ensures that no ship poses a threat to ...maritime safety and the marine environment. When a clear ground is discovered during an inspection, the inspector has the authority to detain the ship until the flaws are corrected in order to assure safety and reduce pollution hazards. This paper adopted a traditional literature review method using the selected six (6) years data from the inspections conducted by maritime authorities from 2016 to 2021 and incorporate with qualitative and quantitative analysis to ascertain the influence of each risk factor on the number of arrests, including the relationship between risk factors and the type of detain deficiency, which is a critical part of the study. This study's findings provide important insights into how to facilitate an effective way in selecting the ship to be inspected, followed by identifying the ship's risk profile and designing the inspection area, which plays a critical role in assisting the inspector in terms of time efficient and effective inspection (especially for the ships, which have a short duration at berth) during inspection to further strengthen maritime safety, ship's safety, seafarers' health and marine environmental protection.
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•PSC is the inspection of foreign ships in foreign ports to remove substandard ship.•The inspections conducted by maritime authorities from 2016 to 2021 was used.•Analysis to ascertain the influence of each risk factor on the number of arrests.•Study the relationship between risk factors and the type of detain deficiency.
Trade plays an important role in economic growth. Thence, a smooth cross-border transaction between Thailand-Malaysia-Singapore provides a significant implication in international trade. Currently, ...cross-border transactions face several issues during the crossing of borders between countries and, specifically, happens during the transactions of cargo. A very rigid documentation process within the custom clearance and theresulting severe congestion will affect the trade flow in this particular zone. Inconsistency of freight transaction documents at the cross-border also makes the transaction procedure more complicated and affects the performance of the manufacturer’s competitiveness. Thus, this paper explores the current issues at the borders involving Thailand-Malaysia-Singapore. This paper also initiates to figure out the challenges and some key success factors in modelling efficiency for cross-border transactions amongst these countries. A qualitative approach has been adapted to answer the proposed research questions. The initial results stressed that congestion, thorough and repetitious documentation procedures, involvement of many documents, as well as the time-consuming clearance of documents are key issues encountered during cross-border freight movement. This situation has caused several issues such as delays in freight delivery, losses in tax collection due to delays, reluctance to share information, and effects on the competitiveness of the freight supply chain. Development in infrastructure, information sharing, regulations, logistics performance, and customs clearance procedure can overcome the problems during cross-border Thailand-Malaysia-Singapore activities. The model outcome is expected to be smoother for the administrative process during customs clearance and it is expected to be able to efficiently reduce costs.
Trade plays an important role in economic growth. Thence, a smooth cross-border transaction between Thailand-Malaysia-Singapore provides a significant implication in international trade. Currently, ...cross-border transactions face several issues during the crossing of borders between countries and, specifically, happens during the transactions of cargo. A very rigid documentation process within the custom clearance and theresulting severe congestion will affect the trade flow in this particular zone. Inconsistency of freight transaction documents at the cross-border also makes the transaction procedure more complicated and affects the performance of the manufacturer's competitiveness. Thus, this paper explores the current issues at the borders involving Thailand-Malaysia-Singapore. This paper also initiates to figure out the challenges and some key success factors in modelling efficiency for cross-border transactions amongst these countries. A qualitative approach has been adapted to answer the proposed research questions. The initial results stressed that congestion, thorough and repetitious documentation procedures, involvement of many documents, as well as the time-consuming clearance of documents are key issues encountered during cross-border freight movement. This situation has caused several issues such as delays in freight delivery, losses in tax collection due to delays, reluctance to share information, and effects on the competitiveness of the freight supply chain. Development in infrastructure, information sharing, regulations, logistics performance, and customs clearance procedure can overcome the problems during cross-border Thailand-Malaysia-Singapore activities. The model outcome is expected to be smoother for the administrative process during customs clearance and it is expected to be able to efficiently reduce costs.
Organizations need to strengthen their adaptability and capacity to operate in cely competitive business constantly changing marketplaces in today's fierenvironment. Organizations must use efficient ...tactics and procedures to rebuild the markets they serve and spot new opportunities, in addition to adjusting to changes , organizational in those markets. In the current uncertain business environmentperformance can be improved by taking into account concepts like entrepreneurial orientation and organizational learning.
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