The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity of chemistry products against the growth of
Escherichia coli
,
Klebsiella–Enterobacter
spp., and
Staphylococcus aureus
. Pyrazole ...derivatives (4-bromo-2-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)phenol, 4-nitro-3-pyrazolecarboxylic acid, N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamidine), 3-amino-5-hydroxypyrazole, 3,5-pyrazoledicarboxylic acid monohydrate, and selected complexes of Cu(II) with the mentioned pyrazoles as ligands were used as chemistry bioactives for antibacterial activity. The testing method was carried out according to the disc diffusion method. Some compounds have shown inhibitory effects against the growth of
E. coli
. A small number of compounds have shown inhibitory effects against the growth of
Klebsiella–Enterobacter
spp. but did not show inhibitory effects on
Staphylococcus aureus
compared to amoxicillin as a standard.
Introduction Perceived social isolation (PSI) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Social media platforms, commonly used by young adults, may offer an opportunity to ameliorate ...social isolation. This study assessed associations between social media use (SMU) and PSI among U.S. young adults. Methods Participants were a nationally representative sample of 1,787 U.S. adults aged 19–32 years. They were recruited in October–November 2014 for a cross-sectional survey using a sampling frame that represented 97% of the U.S. population. SMU was assessed using both time and frequency associated with use of 11 social media platforms, including Facebook, Twitter, Google+, YouTube, LinkedIn, Instagram, Pinterest, Tumblr, Vine, Snapchat, and Reddit. PSI was measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scale. In 2015, ordered logistic regression was used to assess associations between SMU and SI while controlling for eight covariates. Results In fully adjusted multivariable models that included survey weights, compared with those in the lowest quartile for SMU time, participants in the highest quartile had twice the odds of having greater PSI (AOR=2.0, 95% CI=1.4, 2.8). Similarly, compared with those in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile of SMU frequency had more than three times the odds of having greater PSI (AOR=3.4, 95% CI=2.3, 5.1). Associations were linear ( p <0.001 for all), and results were robust to all sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Young adults with high SMU seem to feel more socially isolated than their counterparts with lower SMU. Future research should focus on determining directionality and elucidating reasons for these associations.
U članku se analiziraju kritike usmjerene prema Republici Hrvatskoj koje su dolazile iz međunarodne zajednice u razdoblju od završetka operacije Oluja 1995. do kraja 1999. Pojam međunarodna zajednica ...shvaćen je kao paradigmatski okvir unutar kojega se formira stanoviti dominantni narativ. Analizirana su izvješća koja su objavljivale različite institucije: OESS, Human Rights Watch, američki State Department. Uz to,
analizirana je arhiva novina New York Times u predmetnom razdoblju kao primjer sukreatora javnog narativa. Članak je podijeljen prema temama kritike koje su uočene u istraženim izvorima: položaj Srba i povrat izbjeglica, ljudska i manjinska prava, medijske slobode, manjkavosti demokracije i provedba Daytonskog sporazuma.
The article analyzes the criticism of the international community towards the Republic of Croatia, from the finalization of Operation Storm in 1995 to the end of 1999. The term “international community” refers to a paradigmatic framework, within which a certain dominant narrative is formed. Reports published by various institutions were analyzed: OSCE, Human Rights Watch, and the US State Department. Also, the archive of the New York Times for the same period was analyzed as an example of a public narrative co-creator. The article is divided according to the topics of criticism noted during the research: the position of Serbs and the return of refugees, human and minority rights, freedom of the media, the shortcomings of democracy, and the implementation of the Dayton Agreement.
As avid users of technology, adolescents are a key demographic to engage when designing and developing technology applications for health. There are multiple opportunities for improving adolescent ...health, from promoting preventive behaviors to providing guidance for adolescents with chronic illness in supporting treatment adherence and transition to adult health care systems. This article will provide a brief overview of current technologies and then highlight new technologies being used specifically for adolescent health, such as artificial intelligence, virtual and augmented reality, and machine learning. Because there is paucity of evidence in this field, we will make recommendations for future research.
The article analyzes the criticism of the international community towards the Republic of Croatia, from the finalization of Operation Storm in 1995 to the end of 1999. The term “international ...community” refers to a paradigmatic framework, within which a certain dominant narrative is formed. Reports published by various institutions were analyzed: OSCE, Human Rights Watch, and the US State Department. Also, the archive of the New York Times for the same period was analyzed as an example of a public narrative co-creator. The article is divided according to the topics of criticism noted during the research: the position of Serbs and the return of refugees, human and minority rights, freedom of the media, the shortcomings of democracy, and the implementation of the Dayton Agreement.
Abstract This qualitative study examined descriptions of social media use among 23 adolescents (18 female, 5 male) who were diagnosed with depression to explore how social media use may influence and ...be influenced by psychological distress. Adolescents described both positive and negative use of social media. Positive use included searching for positive content (i.e. for entertainment, humor, content creation) or for social connection. Negative use included sharing risky behaviors, cyberbullying, and for making self-denigrating comparisons with others. Adolescents described three types of use in further detail including “oversharing” (sharing updates at a high frequency or too much personal information), “stressed posting” (sharing negative updates with a social network), and encountering “triggering posts.” In the context of treatment, these adolescents shifted their social media use patterns from what they perceived as negative to more positive use. Implications for clinicians counseling depressed adolescents on social media use are discussed.
Abstract Despite the recognition that behavioral and medical health conditions are frequently intertwined, the existing health care system divides management for these issues into separate settings. ...This separation results in increased barriers to receipt of care and contributes to problems of underdetection, inappropriate diagnosis, and lack of treatment engagement. Adolescents and young adults with mental health conditions have some of the lowest rates of treatment for their conditions of all age groups. Integration of behavioral health into primary care settings has the potential to address these barriers and improve outcomes for adolescents and young adults. In this paper, we review the current research literature for behavioral health integration in the adolescent and young adult population and make recommendations for needed research to move the field forward.
Depression levels in adolescents have trended upward over the past several years. According to a 2020 survey by the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 4.1 million US adolescents have experienced ...at least one major depressive episode. This number constitutes approximately 16% of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. However, only 32.3% of adolescents received some form of specialized or nonspecialized treatment. Identifying worsening symptoms earlier using mobile and wearable sensors may lead to earlier intervention. Most studies on predicting depression using sensor-based data are geared toward the adult population. Very few studies look into predicting depression in adolescents.
The aim of our work was to study passively sensed data from adolescents with depression and investigate the predictive capabilities of 2 machine learning approaches to predict depression scores and change in depression levels in adolescents. This work also provided an in-depth analysis of sensor features that serve as key indicators of change in depressive symptoms and the effect of variation of data samples on model accuracy levels.
This study included 55 adolescents with symptoms of depression aged 12 to 17 years. Each participant was passively monitored through smartphone sensors and Fitbit wearable devices for 24 weeks. Passive sensors collected call, conversation, location, and heart rate information daily. Following data preprocessing, 67% (37/55) of the participants in the aggregated data set were analyzed. Weekly Patient Health Questionnaire-9 surveys answered by participants served as the ground truth. We applied regression-based approaches to predict the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression score and change in depression severity. These approaches were consolidated using universal and personalized modeling strategies. The universal strategies consisted of Leave One Participant Out and Leave Week X Out. The personalized strategy models were based on Accumulated Weeks and Leave One Week One User Instance Out. Linear and nonlinear machine learning algorithms were trained to model the data.
We observed that personalized approaches performed better on adolescent depression prediction compared with universal approaches. The best models were able to predict depression score and weekly change in depression level with root mean squared errors of 2.83 and 3.21, respectively, following the Accumulated Weeks personalized modeling strategy. Our feature importance investigation showed that the contribution of screen-, call-, and location-based features influenced optimal models and were predictive of adolescent depression.
This study provides insight into the feasibility of using passively sensed data for predicting adolescent depression. We demonstrated prediction capabilities in terms of depression score and change in depression level. The prediction results revealed that personalized models performed better on adolescents than universal approaches. Feature importance provided a better understanding of depression and sensor data. Our findings can help in the development of advanced adolescent depression predictions.
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